Gnaphosidae Banks, 1892

Family |   ACCEPTED
N.B.: the names Gnaphosae and Gnaphosi were used firstly at tribe level by Banks, 1892d: 92, 94 and thus Banks, 1892 is the valid authorship and year for the family, not Pocock, 1898c: 219; for the family name Drassidae Sundevall, 1833 see Simon, 1893a: 340 and Bonnet, 1956: 1554. Family relimited by Platnick, 1990a: 35 and Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 612; most genera listed by Brignoli, 1983c under Micariinae are treated here under Corinnidae and Phrurolithidae. Prodidomidae revalidated by Platnick, 1990a: 36 to include the former Prodidominae, Molycriinae and Anagraphidinae; Anagraphidinae transferred from Prodidomidae to Gnaphosidae by Platnick & Baehr, 2006: 5; Prodidomidae downgraded to subfamily of Gnaphosidae by Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 613 (synonyms: Molycriinae Simon, 1897 and Theuminae Simon, 1893), redefined by Rodrigues & Rheims, 2020b: 694 and elevated to familiy rank again by Azevedo et al., 2022: 12 (without Molycriinae); Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 612 distinguish several well definded clades within Gnaphosidae (Gnaphosinae Banks, 1892, Zelotinae Platnick, 1990, Herpyllinae Platnick, 1990, Drassodinae Simon, 1893, Prodidominae Simon, 1884 and Leptodrassinae Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018) and state three monogeneric subfamilies, Anagraphidinae Simon, 1893 (type genus Anagraphis), Echeminae Simon, 1893 (type genus Echemus) and Micariinae Banks, 1892 (type genus Micaria), which do not perform a grouping function; Micaria Westring 1851, Nauhea Forster, 1979 and Verita Ramirez & Grismado, 2015 (and some related genera) are probably not gnaphosids, and many genera are not assigned to a subfamily given their poorly supported and unstable relationships (Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 614); the subfamily Molycriinae Simon, 1897 is re-established by Rodrigues & Rheims, 2020b: 682 (includes Cryptotoerithus, Molycria, Myandra, Nomindra, Wesmaldra and Wydundra); Lin & Li, 2020e: 313 described the new subfamily Solitudinae, with the single genus Solitudes Lin & Li, 2020; Micariidae is regarded as a separate family (sister to Cithaeronidae) by Breitling, 2021: 19, but without listing the genera, which should belong to it, and it is also not accepted because it is based mainly on COI, see FAQ 7; Ammoxenidae (Ammoxenus, Austrammo, Barrowammo, Rastellus) are synonymized with Gnaphosidae by Azevedo et al., 2022: 12; the family is not monophyletic per Kulkarni, Wood & Hormiga, 2023: 520, f. 19.
Gen. Scotophaeus Simon, 1893 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02474
N.B.: not a junior synonym of Herpyllus Hentz, 1832 (Platnick & Shadab, 1977b: 3).

Transferred to other genera:

Scotophaeus asiaticus Charitonov, 1946 -- see Asiabadus

Scotophaeus blepharotrichus Strand, 1915 -- see Urozelotes

Scotophaeus chohanius Patel & Patel, 1975 -- see Marinarozelotes

Scotophaeus cultior Kulczyński, 1899 -- see Macarophaeus

Scotophaeus dispulsus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885) -- see Drassodes

Scotophaeus guatemalensis F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899 -- see Apodrassodes

Scotophaeus himalayaensis Hu, 2001 -- see Xizangiana

Scotophaeus invisus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885) -- see Drassodes

Scotophaeus leoi Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 -- see Systaria

Scotophaeus loricatus (L. Koch, 1866) -- see Sosticus

Scotophaeus mundulus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) -- see Odontodrassus

Scotophaeus pictus F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899 -- see Herpyllus

Scotophaeus quilpuensis Simon, 1902 -- see Apodrassodes

Scotophaeus scrutatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) -- see Zelotes

Scotophaeus senilis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) -- see Poecilochroa

Scotophaeus striatus Kishida, 1932 -- see Drassodes

Scotophaeus varius Simon, 1893 -- see Macarophaeus

Scotophaeus voluntarius Chamberlin, 1920 -- see Nodocion

Scotophaeus vulpinus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874) -- see Megamyrmaekion

Scotophaeus walteri Roewer, 1928 -- see Haplodrassus

Scotophaeus yunnanensis Schenkel, 1963 -- see Odontodrassus

In synonymy:

Scotophaeus californicus (Banks, 1904, T from Drassodes) = Scotophaeus blackwalli Thorell, 1871 (Ubick & Roth, 1973a: 4, sub Herpyllus)

Scotophaeus mingcaii Yin, Zhang & Bao, 2003 = Scotophaeus hunan Zhang, Song & Zhu, 2003 (Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 211)

Scotophaeus pius (Chamberlin, 1919) = Scotophaeus blackwalli Thorell, 1871 (Ubick & Roth, 1973a: 4, sub Herpyllus)

Scotophaeus simaoensis Zhang, Yin & Bao, 2003 = Scotophaeus xizang Zhang, Song & Zhu, 2003 (Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 214)

Scotophaeus subcorticis Levy, 1999 = Scotophaeus peninsularis Roewer, 1928 (Chatzaki, Thaler & Mylonas, 2002b: 620)

Scotophaeus torretrencada Wunderlich, 2017 = Scotophaeus validus Lucas, 1846 (Barrientos & Febrer, 2018: 47)

Scotophaeus voigti (Bösenberg, 1899, T from Drassodes) = Scotophaeus blackwalli Thorell, 1871 (Breitling et al., 2015: 70)

Nomina dubia:

Scotophaeus bersebaensis Strand, 1915b: 90 (f, Namibia) -- Nentwig et al., 2020: 24

Scotophaeus nossibeensis Strand, 1907d: 727, Strand, 1907o: 17 (f, Madagascar) -- Nentwig et al., 2020: 24

Scotophaeus parvioculis Strand, 1906b: 611 (f, Ethiopia) -- Nentwig et al., 2020: 24

Scotophaeus aculeatus Simon, 1914 | | France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027847
Scotophaeus aculeatus Simon, 1914: 149, 212, f. 271 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus affinis Caporiacco, 1949 | | Kenya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027848
Scotophaeus affinis Caporiacco, 1949a: 429, f. 66 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus afghanicus Roewer, 1961 | | Afghanistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027849
Scotophaeus afghanicus Roewer, 1961c: 23, f. 38-39, 74 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus anahita Zamani, Chatzaki, Esyunin & Marusik, 2021 | | Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:053236
Scotophaeus anahita Zamani et al., 2021a: 98, f. 19A-C, G-H (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus arboricola Jézéquel, 1965 | | Ivory Coast urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027850
Scotophaeus arboricola Jézéquel, 1965: 303, f. 14 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus bharatae Gajbe, 1989 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027852
Scotophaeus bharatae Gajbe, 1989: 557, f. 1-8 (Dmf) Original description
Scotophaeus bifidus Schmidt & Krause, 1994 | | Cape Verde Is. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027853
Scotophaeus bifidus Schmidt & Krause, 1994c: 6, f. 1-2 (Dm) Original description
Scotophaeus blackwalli (Thorell, 1871) | | Europe, Caucasus, Turkey, Iran. Introduced to North America, Peru, Hawaii urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027854
Drassus sericeus Blackwall, 1861a: 111, pl. 6, f. 67 (f, misidentified)
Drassus blackwallii Thorell, 1871a: 179 (Df) Original description
Drassus gotlandicus Thorell, 1871a: 180 (Df)
Drassus ravidus Pavesi, 1873a: 119, f. 2 (Dm)
Drassus gotlandicus Menge, 1875: 378, pl. 65, f. 215 (f, Dm)
Drassus blackwalli Simon, 1878a: 148 (m)
Drassus furtadoi Simon, 1883: 275, pl. 8, f. 8-9 (Dmf)
Drassus blackwalli Becker, 1896: 259, pl. 16, f. 26 (mf)
Drassus immundus Kulczyński in Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 213, pl. 8, f. 46 (Df)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Kulczyński, 1898: 55
Drassus voigtii Bösenberg, 1899: 117, pl. 1, f. 5 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027024]
Drassus voigti Bösenberg, 1902: 300, pl. 28, f. 444 (f)
Drassus blackwalli Bösenberg, 1902: 298, pl. 28, f. 438 (mf)
Drassodes californica Banks, 1904b: 338, pl. 39, f. 28 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057944]
Drassodes blackwalli Lessert, 1910b: 56, f. 49-50 (mf)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Simon, 1914: 147, 150, 212, f. 266, 275 (mf)
Scotophaeus furtadoi Reimoser, 1919: 204
Herpyllus pius Chamberlin, 1919b: 6, pl. 2, f. 4 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057945]
Scotophaeus blackwalli Reimoser, 1937a: 22, f. 51 (mf)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Tullgren, 1946: 110, f. 32C, pl. 18, f. 231-233 (mf)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Schenkel, 1950b: 38, f. 5a-b (m)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Locket & Millidge, 1951: 104, f. 50f, 55A, C (mf)
Herpyllus blackwalli Brændegaard, 1966: 105, f. 90-91 (mf)
Herpyllus blackwalli Ubick & Roth, 1973a: 4 (S of Drassodes californicus and Herpyllus pius)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Platnick & Shadab, 1977b: 41, f. 123-129 (mf)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Grimm, 1985: 172, f. 18a, 199-200, 202 (mf)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Roberts, 1985: 70, f. 25b (mf)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 438, f. 1154 (mf)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Platnick & Dondale, 1992: 278, f. 441-444 (mf)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Noordam, 1992: 8 (mf)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Roberts, 1995: 108, f. (mf)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Roberts, 1998: 112, f. (mf)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Levy, 1999d: 438, f. 19-23 (f; not m, = S. peninsularis)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Hu, 2001: 271, f. 155.6-7 (m)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Almquist, 2006: 419, f. 360a-h (mf)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Lecigne, 2013: 186, f. 4E-F (m)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Breitling et al., 2015: 70, f. 1 (f, S of Drassodes voigti, per Grimm, 1985: 172)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Lecigne, 2016d: 22, f. 11C (f)
Scotophaeus blackwalli Lecigne, 2021a: 32, f. 48 (f)
Scotophaeus blackwalli isabellinus (Simon, 1873) | | France (Corsica), Italy, Croatia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027855
Drassus isabellinus Simon, 1873a: 164 (Dm) Original description
Drassus isabellinus Simon, 1878a: 150 (Df)
Scotophaeus isabellinus Lessert, 1904: 286, pl. 5, f. 6
Scotophaeus blackwalli isabellinus Simon, 1914: 150, 212
Scotophaeus blackwalli politus (Simon, 1878) | | France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027856
Drassus politus Simon, 1878a: 142, pl. 14, f. 5 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus blackwalli politus Simon, 1914: 150, 212
Scotophaeus brolemanni Simon, 1914 | | France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027857
Scotophaeus brolemanni Simon, 1914: 146, 211, f. 261 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus cecileae Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 | | Philippines urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027858
Scotophaeus cecileae Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 197, f. 115a-f (Dm) Original description
Scotophaeus correntinus Mello-Leitão, 1945 | | Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027859
Scotophaeus correntinus Mello-Leitão, 1945b: 258, f. 43 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus crinitus Jézéquel, 1965 | | Ivory Coast urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027860
Scotophaeus crinitus Jézéquel, 1965: 302, f. 13a-b (Dm) Original description
Scotophaeus dolanskyi Lissner, 2017 | | Portugal, Spain urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049525
Scotophaeus dolanskyi Lissner, 2017b: 53, f. 3, 4a-c, 5a-d (Dm) Original description
Scotophaeus dolanskyi Barrientos et al., 2022: 39, f. 7A-D (m, Df)
Scotophaeus domesticus Tikader, 1962 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027863
Scotophaeus domesticus Tikader, 1962e: 570, f. 1a-c (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus domesticus Tikader & Biswas, 1981: 67, f. 115-117 (f)
Scotophaeus domesticus Tikader, 1982b: 378, f. 195-197 (f)
Scotophaeus elburzensis Zamani, Chatzaki, Esyunin & Marusik, 2021 | | Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:053237
Scotophaeus elburzensis Zamani et al., 2021a: 100, f. 19D-F, I, 20A-C (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus fabrisae Caporiacco, 1950 | | Italy urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027864
Scotophaeus fabrisae Caporiacco, 1950a: 12, f. 1 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus faisalabadiensis Ghafoor & Beg, 2002 | | Pakistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040623
Scotophaeus faisalabadiensis Ghafoor & Beg, 2002b: 529, f. 2A-D (Dmf) Original description
Scotophaeus goaensis (Tikader, 1982) | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027407
Herpyllus goaensis Tikader, 1982b: 460, f. 372-376 (Df) Original description
Herpyllus goaensis Gajbe, 2007: 478, f. 162-166 (f)
Scotophaeus goaensis Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2021b: 2843, f. 3a-c (f, T from Herpyllus)
Scotophaeus goaensis Zehbi & Yousuf, 2023: 414, f. 3A-C (f)
Scotophaeus gridellii Caporiacco, 1928 | | Canary Is. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027865
Scotophaeus gridellii Caporiacco, 1928a: 240 (Dmf) Original description
Scotophaeus hierro Schmidt, 1977 | | Canary Is. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027866
Scotophaeus hierro Schmidt, 1977: 57, f. 4 (Dm) Original description
Scotophaeus hunan Zhang, Song & Zhu, 2003 | | China, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039004
Scotophaeus hunan Zhang, Song & Zhu, 2003: 71, f. 2A-E (Dmf) Original description
Scotophaeus mingcaii Yin, Zhang & Bao in Zhang, Yin & Bao, 2003: 638, f. 7-11 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039005]
Scotophaeus hunan Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 211, f. 125A-E (mf, S of Scotophaeus mingcaii)
Scotophaeus hunan Yin et al., 2012: 1198, f. 639a-f (mf)
Scotophaeus hunan Kamura, 2014: 63, f. 1-4 (f)
Scotophaeus insularis Berland, 1936 | | Cape Verde Is., Greece urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027867
Scotophaeus insularis Berland, 1936: 75, f. 14-16 (Dm) Original description
Scotophaeus insularis Schmidt, Geisthardt & Piepho, 1994: 101, f. 13 (Df)
Scotophaeus jacksoni Berland, 1936 | | Cape Verde Is. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027869
Scotophaeus jacksoni Berland, 1936: 74, f. 12-13 (Dm) Original description
Scotophaeus jinlin Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040624
Scotophaeus domesticus Hu & Li, 1987b: 304, f. 33.1-2 (f, misidentified)
Scotophaeus domesticus Hu, 2001: 270, f. 154.1-2 (f, misidentified)
Scotophaeus jinlin Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 213, 333, f. 126A-B (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus kalimpongensis Gajbe, 1992 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027870
Scotophaeus kalimpongensis Gajbe, 1992a: 308, f. 16-21 (Dmf) Original description
Scotophaeus lamperti Strand, 1906 | j | Central Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027871
Scotophaeus lamperti Strand, 1906c: 28 (Dj) Original description
Scotophaeus lindbergi Roewer, 1961 | | Afghanistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027873
Scotophaeus lindbergi Roewer, 1961c: 24, f. 40-41, 75 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus madalasae Tikader & Gajbe, 1977 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027874
Scotophaeus madalasae Tikader & Gajbe, 1977a: 18, f. 3A-D (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus madalasae Tikader, 1982b: 375, f. 187-191 (f)
Scotophaeus marleyi Tucker, 1923 | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027875
Scotophaeus marleyi Tucker, 1923: 386, pl. 10, f. 84 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus marleyi Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2021C: 56, 2 f. (f)
Scotophaeus mauckneri Schmidt, 1956 | | Canary Is. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027876
Scotophaeus mauckneri Schmidt, 1956e: 144, f. 3 (Df; N.B.: possibly regarded as Macarophaeus by Wunderlich, 2011: 49) Original description
Scotophaeus merkaricola Strand, 1907 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027877
Scotophaeus merkaricola Strand, 1907k: 120, f. 48 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus meruensis Tullgren, 1910 | | East Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027878
Scotophaeus meruensis Tullgren, 1910: 106, pl. 1, f. 17 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus microdon Caporiacco, 1933 | | Libya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027879
Scotophaeus microdon Caporiacco, 1933: 317, f. 3 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus musculus (Simon, 1878) | | Salvages, Madeira, France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027880
Drassus musculus Simon, 1878a: 152 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus musculus Simon, 1914: 148, 212, f. 269-270 (f, Dm)
Scotophaeus musculus Schenkel, 1938a: 4, f. 1 (m)
Herpyllus musculus Denis, 1963a: 39, f. 6 (Tf from Scotophaeus, rejected)
Scotophaeus nanoides Wunderlich, 2011 | | Portugal urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043973
Scotophaeus nanoides Wunderlich, 2011: 54, f. 162-165 (Dm) Original description
Scotophaeus nanoides Lecigne, 2017: 28, f. 14G-I, 17G-I (m)
Scotophaeus ?nanoides Wunderlich, 2023: 61, f. 130 (f)
Scotophaeus nanus Wunderlich, 1995 | | Austria urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027881
Scotophaeus nanus Wunderlich, 1995E: 743, f. 1-2, 6-8 (Dmf) Original description
Scotophaeus natalensis Lawrence, 1938 | | Zimbabwe, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027882
Scotophaeus natalensis Lawrence, 1938a: 477, f. 13 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus natalensis Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2021C: 57, 3 f. (f)
Scotophaeus nigrosegmentatus (Simon, 1895) | | Mongolia, Karakorum urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027883
Drassodes nigrosegmentatus Simon, 1895c: 332 (Dj) Original description
Scotophaeus nigrosegmentatus Caporiacco, 1934a: 133, pl. 1, f. 11 (Dmf)
Scotophaeus nyrensis Simon, 1909 | | East Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027885
Scotophaeus nyrensis Simon, 1909c: 34 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus peninsularis Roewer, 1928 | | Bulgaria, Greece (incl. Crete), Cyprus, Israel urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027887
Scotophaeus peninsularis Roewer, 1928b: 108, pl. 1, f. 14 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus subcorticis Levy, 1999d: 440, f. 24-25 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027903]
Scotophaeus blackwalli Levy, 1999d: 438, f. 20-21 (m, misidentified)
Scotophaeus peninsularis Chatzaki, Thaler & Mylonas, 2002b: 620, f. 48-49 (f, S of Scotophaeus subcorticis)
Scotophaeus peninsularis Bosmans et al., 2013: 13, f. 60-63 (mf)
Scotophaeus poonaensis Tikader, 1982 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027888
Scotophaeus poonaensis Tikader, 1982b: 380, f. 198-202 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus poonaensis Gajbe, 2007: 466, f. 115-119 (f)
Scotophaeus pregoensis Wunderlich, 2023 | | Portugal urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059448
?Scotophaeus pregoensis Wunderlich, 2023: 62, f. 131-132 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus pretiosus (L. Koch, 1873) | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027889
Drassus pretiosus L. Koch, 1873: 385, pl. 30, f. 3-4 (Dmf) Original description
Drassodes pretiosus Dalmas, 1917a: 349, f. 28 (mf)
Scotophaeus pretiosus Dalmas, 1917a: 349
Scotophaeus pretiosus Forster, 1979: 65, f. 13, 162, 178, 270-274 (mf)
Scotophaeus purcelli Tucker, 1923 | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027890
Scotophaeus purcelli Tucker, 1923: 387, pl. 10, f. 85 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus purcelli Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2021C: 58, 2 f. (f)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus (Linnaeus, 1758) | | Europe, Russia (Caucasus) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027891
Aranea quadripunctata Linnaeus, 1758: 622 (D) Original description
Aranea crassipes Martini & Goeze, 1778: 291 (D)
Drassus sericeus Sundevall, 1831: 29, 1832: 136 (Dmf)
Filistata sericea Wider, 1834: 199, pl. 14, f. 3 (f)
Drassus sericeus C. L. Koch, 1839a: 37, f. 457-458 (mf)
Drassus sericeus Blackwall, 1861a: 111, pl. 6, f. 67 (f, in part)
Drassus rubrens L. Koch, 1866: 79, pl. 4, f. 55 (f, misidentified)
Drassus medius L. Koch, 1866: 82, pl. 4, f. 56 (Df)
Drassus medius Ohlert, 1867: 93 (Dm)
Drassus quadripunctatus Thorell, 1871a: 176
Drassus quadripunctatus Menge, 1875: 376, pl. 65, f. 214 (mf)
Drassus ruber Simon, 1878a: 157 (D)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Simon, 1893a: 371, f. 326
Drassus quadripunctatus Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 213, pl. 8, f. 41, 49 (mf)
Drassus quadripunctatus Bösenberg, 1902: 293, pl. 27, f. 429 (mf)
Drassodes quadripunctatus Lessert, 1910b: 54, f. 45, 47 (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Simon, 1914: 148, 150, 212, f. 267-268, 274 (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Reimoser, 1937a: 22, f. 52-53 (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Tullgren, 1946: 108, f. 32A, pl. 18, f. 225-227 (mf)
Herpyllus quadripunctatus Brændegaard, 1966: 107, f. 92-93 (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Miller, 1971: 94, pl. VI, f. 22-23 (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Platnick & Shadab, 1977b: 41, f. 119-122 (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Grimm, 1985: 175, f. 203-205, 208-209 (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 438, f. 1155 (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Roberts, 1995: 109, f. (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Wunderlich, 1995E: 745, f. 3-4, 9-11 (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Roberts, 1998: 113, f. (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Almquist, 2006: 420, f. 361a-e (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Murphy, 2007: 50, f. 374-375 (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus De Koninck, 2010: 50, f. 1-2 (mf)
Scotophaeus quadripunctatus Akpınar, Varol & El-Hennawy, 2016: 42, f. 3-4 (f) [probably misident.]
Scotophaeus rajasthanus Tikader, 1966 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027892
Scotophaeus rajasthanus Tikader, 1966e: 440, f. 2a-c (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus rajasthanus Tikader, 1982b: 377, f. 192-194 (f)
Scotophaeus rebellatus (Simon, 1880) | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027893
Drassus rebellatus Simon, 1880b: 119, pl. 3, f. 18-19 (Dm) Original description
Scotophaeus rebellatus Simon, 1893a: 371
Scotophaeus regularis Tullgren, 1910 | | East Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027894
Scotophaeus regularis Tullgren, 1910: 106, pl. 1, f. 18 (Dm) Original description
Scotophaeus relegatus Purcell, 1907 | | Namibia, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027895
Scotophaeus relegatus Purcell, 1907: 312, pl. 13, f. 18 (Dm) Original description
Scotophaeus relegatus Purcell, 1908: 235 (f, mentioned, not described)
Scotophaeus relegates Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2021C: 59, 5 f. (m, lapsus)
Scotophaeus retusus (Simon, 1878) | | France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027896
Drassus retusus Simon, 1878a: 151 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus retusus Simon, 1914: 149, 212 (f)
Scotophaeus rufescens (Kroneberg, 1875) | | Central Asia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027897
Drassus rufescens Kroneberg, 1875: 20, pl. 1, f. 7 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus rufescens Simon, 1893a: 371
Scotophaeus schenkeli Caporiacco, 1949 | | Kenya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027898
Scotophaeus schenkeli Caporiacco, 1949a: 428, f. 65 (Dm) Original description
Scotophaeus scutulatus (L. Koch, 1866) | | Europe, Algeria, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Iran, Central Asia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027899
Drassus tibialis Hahn, 1833b: 1, pl. 25, f. B (f, nomen nudum)
Drassus scutulatus L. Koch, 1866: 93, pl. 4, f. 61-62 (Dmf) Original description
Drassus fulvus Thorell, 1875a: 96 (Df)
Drassus fulvus Thorell, 1875c: 89 (Df)
Drassus scutulatus Hansen, 1882: 57, pl. 4, f. 4 (mf)
Drassus scutulatus Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 213, pl. 8, f. 42, 48 (mf)
Drassus scutulatus Bösenberg, 1902: 293, pl. 27, f. 428 (mf)
Drassodes scutulatus Lessert, 1910b: 55, f. 46, 48 (mf)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Simon, 1914: 147, 149, 211, f. 262-263 (mf)
Drassus scutulatus Spassky, 1925: 35, f. 5 (f)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Reimoser, 1937a: 21, f. 49-50 (mf)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Tullgren, 1946: 109, f. 32B, pl. 18, f. 228-230 (mf)
Herpyllus scutulatus Brændegaard, 1966: 103, f. 88-89 (mf)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Miller, 1971: 94, pl. VI, f. 18-19 (mf)
Herpyllus (S.) scutulatus Dresco & Canard, 1976: 24, f. 1-2 (f)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Grimm, 1985: 179, f. 201, 210-212 (mf)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Harvey, 1990: 3, f. 1 (f)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 438, f. 1156 (mf)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Noordam, 1992: 1, 2, 8 (mf)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Roberts, 1993: 6, f. 1b (mf)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Roberts, 1995: 109, f. (mf)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Wunderlich, 1995E: 745, f. 5, 12 (mf)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Roberts, 1998: 113, f. (mf)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Chatzaki, Thaler & Mylonas, 2002b: 619, f. 46-47 (f)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Almquist, 2006: 420, f. 362a-e (mf)
Scotophaeus scutulatus Lecigne, 2021a: 32, f. 49 (f)
Scotophaeus semitectus (Simon, 1886) | | Senegal urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027900
Drassus semitectus Simon, 1886g: 381 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus semitectus Simon, 1893a: 371
Scotophaeus simlaensis Tikader, 1982 | | India, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027901
Scotophaeus simlaensis Tikader, 1982b: 382, f. 203-207 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus simlaensis Yin et al., 2012: 1200, f. 640a-g (f, Dm)
Scotophaeus strandi Caporiacco, 1940 | | Ethiopia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027902
Scotophaeus strandi Caporiacco, 1940c: 832, f. 34 (Dm) Original description
Scotophaeus tubicola Schmidt, 1990 | | Canary Is. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027904
Scotophaeus tubicola Schmidt, 1990b: 16, f. 1 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus typhlus Schmidt & Piepho, 1994 | | Cape Verde Is. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027905
Scotophaeus typhlus Schmidt & Piepho in Schmidt, Geisthardt & Piepho, 1994: 100 (Df) Original description
Scotophaeus validus (Lucas, 1846) | | Southern Europe, Morocco, Algeria urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027906
Drassus validus Lucas, 1846: 213, pl. 12, f. 10 (Df) Original description
Macaria valida Simon, 1864: 113
Drassus viator L. Koch, 1866: 84, pl. 4, f. 57 (Df)
Drassus brevipes Thorell, 1875c: 93 (Df)
Scotophaeus validus Simon, 1914: 147, 149, 211, f. 264-265, 273 (f, Dm)
Scotophaeus sp. (torretrencada?) Barrientos & Febrer, 2017: 12, f. 6a-c (Df)
Scotophaeus torretrencada Wunderlich, 2017b: 316, f. 29-30 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049226]
Scotophaeus validus Lissner, 2017b: 54, f. 6a-b, 7a-b, 8a-b (f)
Scotophaeus validus Barrientos & Febrer, 2018: 47 (S of Scotophaeus torretrencada)
Scotophaeus westringi Simon, 1914 | | France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027909
Scotophaeus westringi Simon, 1914: 146, 211, f. 259-260 (Dmf) Original description
Scotophaeus xizang Zhang, Song & Zhu, 2003 | | India, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039007
Scotophaeus xizang Zhang, Song & Zhu, 2003: 70, f. 1A-I (Dmf) Original description
Scotophaeus simaoensis Zhang, Yin & Bao, 2003: 637, f. 1-6 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039006]
Scotophaeus xizang Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 214, f. 127A-I (mf, S of Scotophaeus simaoensis)
Scotophaeus xizang Sarkar, Siliwal & Uniyal, 2023b: 1317, f. 1-4 (f)

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