World Spider Catalog

Theraphosidae Thorell, 1869

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: for the year of description (1869 vs. 1870) see Sherwood et al., 2021: 396, Breitling, 2021b published a different opinion; Raven, 1994: 333 considered the Trichopelmatinae (genera Trichopelma and Psalistops) to belong to the Theraphosidae rather than to Barychelidae, but has not provided a phylogenetic argument for this change; Trichopelma was finally transferred to the Theraphosidae (Guadanucci, 2014: 514) as well as Psalistops (Mori & Bertani, 2020: 37), so in fact Trichopelmatinae is now transferred to Theraphosidae; the monophyly of Theraphosidae and of the most recognized theraphosid subfamilies was confirmed by Lüddecke et al., 2018 and by Foley et al., 2019.

In synonymy:

Adranochelia Simon, 1889 = Cyclosternum Ausserer, 1871 (Raven, 1985a: 148)

Chaetorhombus Ausserer, 1871 = Cyclosternum Ausserer, 1871 (Raven, 1985a: 151)

Dryptopelma Simon, 1889 = Cyclosternum Ausserer, 1871 (Pérez-Miles et al., 1996: 46)

Gen. Cyclosternum Ausserer, 1871 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:00213

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Chaetorhombus Ausserer, 1871a: 196 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05097] (type C. kochi Ausserer, 1871) and Adranochelia Simon, 1889m: 207 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05088] (type A. rufohirta Simon, 1889) by Raven, 1985a: 148; considered a senior synonym of Dryptopelma Simon, 1889g: 402 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05104] (type D. janthinum Simon, 1889) (but not of Butantania Mello-Leitão, 1935, Melloleitaoina Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1960 or Tmesiphantes Simon, 1892 (contra Raven, 1985a: 150) and Pseudoschizopelma Smith, 1995: 186 (type Schizopelma macropus Ausserer, 1875) (by transfer of type species) by Pérez-Miles et al., 1996: 46, Pseudoschizopelma synonymized with Acentropelma Pocock, 1901 by Gabriel, 2016: 84 and revalidated by Gabriel, Sherwood & Longhorn, 2020: 458; not a senior synonym of Magulla Simon, 1892 (Indicatti et al., 2008a: 22, contra Raven, 1985a: 148) and of Davus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892 (Estrada-Alvarez, 2014: 59, contra Valerio, 1982: 412).

Transferred to other genera:

Cyclosternum bicolor (Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1945) -- see Cyriocosmus

Cyclosternum chickeringi (Caporiacco, 1955) -- see Tmesiphantes

Cyclosternum crassifemur (Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1960) -- see Melloleitaoina

Cyclosternum fasciatum (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892) -- see Davus

Cyclosternum hirsutum (Mello-Leitão, 1935) -- see Homoeomma

Cyclosternum ischnoculiforme Franganillo, 1926 -- see Cyrtopholis

Cyclosternum janeirum (Keyserling, 1891) -- see Magulla

Cyclosternum longipes (Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1945) -- see Holothele

Cyclosternum macropus (Ausserer, 1875) -- see Pseudoschizopelma

Cyclosternum majus Franganillo, 1926 -- see Cyrtopholis

Cyclosternum melloleitaoi Bücherl, Timotheo & Lucas, 1971 -- see Crypsidromus

Cyclosternum minensis (Mello-Leitão, 1943) -- see Plesiopelma

Cyclosternum multicuspidatum (Mello-Leitão, 1929) -- see Crypsidromus

Cyclosternum nubilum (Simon, 1892) -- see Tmesiphantes

Cyclosternum obesum (Simon, 1892) -- see Magulla

Cyclosternum obscurum Simon, 1891 -- see Bonnetina

Cyclosternum pentalore (Simon, 1888) -- see Davus

Cyclosternum physopus (Mello-Leitão, 1926) -- see Tmesiphantes

Cyclosternum rondoni (Lucas & Bücherl, 1972) -- see Holothele

Cyclosternum semiaurantiacum Simon, 1897 -- see Plesiopelma

Cyclosternum serratum (Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1958) -- see Homoeomma

Cyclosternum stylipum Valerio, 1982 -- see Stichoplastoris

Cyclosternum symmetricum (Bücherl, 1949) -- see Plesiopelma

Nomen dubium:

Cyclosternum pulcherrimaklaasi (Schmidt, 1991d: 8, f. 1, 3-4, m, Ecuador, originally in Paraphysa; not f = Euathlus truculentus) -- Gabriel & Sherwood, 2020a: 303

Cyclosternum darienense Gabriel & Sherwood, 2022 | | Panama urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054525

Cyclosternum darienensis Gabriel & Sherwood, 2022: 6, f. 1-6 (Dm) Original description

Cyclosternum familiare (Simon, 1889) | | Venezuela urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002236

Crypsidromus familiaris Simon, 1889m: 211 (Dm) Original description

Metriopelma familiare Pocock, 1903b: 114

Crypsidromus familiaris Strand, 1916b: 85 (Dm)

Metriopelma familiare Schmidt, 1997b: 4, f. 1 (Tm from Crypsidromus=Lasiodora, Df, contra Raven, 1985a)

Metriopelma familiare Vol, 1999a: 12, f. P2 (f)

Metriopelma familiare Schmidt, 2003l: 177, f. 437 (f)

Cyclosternum familiare Gabriel, 2016: 85 (T from Metriopelma)

Cyclosternum garbei (Mello-Leitão, 1923) | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001935

Chaetorrhombus garbei Mello-Leitão, 1923a: 134 (Df) Original description

Cyclosternum gaujoni Simon, 1889 | | Ecuador urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001936

Cyclosternum gaujoni Simon, 1889g: 403 (Df) Original description

Cyclosternum gaujoni Berland, 1913b: 83 (Dm)

Cyclosternum gaujoni Dupérré & Tapia, 2021: 275, f. 18A-C, 19A-B, 20A-B (f)

Cyclosternum janthinum (Simon, 1889) | | Ecuador urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001938

Dryptopelma ianthinum Simon, 1889g: 402 (Dm, lapsus) Original description

Dryptopelma janthinum Simon, 1892a: 137

Dryptopelma janthinum Simon, 1903a: 920, f. 1079 (m)

Dryptopelma janthinum Schmidt, 1986: 41, f. 8 (m)

Dryptopelma janthinum Schmidt, 1993d: 65, f. 86 (m)

Cyclosternum janthina Pérez-Miles et al., 1996: 47, f. 14 (m)

Dryptopelma janthinum Schaefer, 1996: 24, f. 13 (m)

Cyclosternum janthinum Schmidt, 2003l: 156, f. 298 (m)

Cyclosternum kochi (Ausserer, 1871) | | Venezuela urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001939

Chaetorhombus kochii Ausserer, 1871a: 196 (Df) Original description

Chaetorrhombus kochi Simon, 1889m: 205 (Dm)

Chaetorrhombus kochi Simon, 1892a: 141, f. 117, 121 (m)

Chaetorrhombus kochi Schmidt, 1986: 46, f. 44-45 (m)

Cyclosternum kochi Schmidt, 1993d: 62, f. 55-56 (m)

Cyclosternum kochi Schmidt, 1997g: 18, f. 129, 133 (m)

Cyclosternum kochi Peters, 2003: 153, f. 607, 610-611 (mf)

Cyclosternum ledezmae (Vol, 2001) | | Bolivia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038382

Metriopelma ledezmae Vol, 2001c: 177, 5 unnumbered f. (Dmf) Original description

Metriopelma ledezmae Peters, 2003: 236, f. 951, 954 (mf)

Metriopelma ledezmae Schmidt, 2003l: 177, f. 438 (f)

Metriopelma ledezmane Peters, 2005b: 82, f. 261-264 (mf)

Cyclosternum ledezmae Gabriel, 2016: 86 (T from Metriopelma)

Cyclosternum palomeranum West, 2000 | | Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036946

Cyclosternum palomeranum West, 2000: 303, f. 1E-F (Dm; N.B.: specific name is patronymic adjective) Original description

Cyclosternum palomeranum Schmidt, 2003l: 157, f. 302-302 (m)

Cyclosternum rufohirtum (Simon, 1889) | | Venezuela urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001946

Adranochelia rufohirta Simon, 1889m: 207 (Dm) Original description

Adranochelia rufohirta Simon, 1892a: 141, f. 118, 122 (m)

Adranochelia rufohirta Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1973b: 62, f. 74-78 (m)

Adranochelia rufohirta Schmidt, 1986: 46, f. 46-47 (m)

Cyclosternum rufohirtum Schmidt, 1993d: 62, f. 57-60 (m)

Cyclosternum rufohirtum Schmidt, 1997g: 18, f. 126, 130-131, 134 (m)

Cyclosternum rufohirtum Schmidt, 2003l: 157, f. 303-306 (m)

Cyclosternum schmardae Ausserer, 1871 | | Colombia, Ecuador urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001947

Cyclosternum schmardae Ausserer, 1871a: 192 (Df) Original description

Cyclosternum schmardae Simon, 1892a: 141, f. 123 (Dm)

Cyclosternum schmardae Bücherl, Timotheo & Lucas, 1971: 124, f. 26-27 (m)

Cyclosternum schmardae Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1973b: 67, f. 68-73 (mf)

Cyclosternum schmardae Schmidt, 1986: 46, f. 43 (m)

Cyclosternum schmardae Schmidt, 1993d: 62, f. 52-54 (mf)

Cyclosternum schmardae Pérez-Miles et al., 1996: 46, f. 12-13 (mf)

Cyclosternum schmardae Schmidt, 1997g: 18, f. 124-125, 128 (mf)

Cyclosternum schmardae Vol, 1999a: 11, f. E (f)

Cyclosternum schmardae Vol, 2001a: 7, f. 9-10 (mf)

Cyclosternum schmardae Peters, 2003: 154, f. 613, 616-617 (mf)

Cyclosternum schmardae Schmidt, 2003f: 9, f. 3-5 (mf)

Cyclosternum schmardae Schmidt, 2003l: 132, f. 160-163 (mf)

Cyclosternum schmardae Peters, 2005b: 54, f. 171-175 (mf)

Cyclosternum schmardae Gabriel, 2016: 80, f. 69 (f)

Cyclosternum spinopalpus (Schaefer, 1996) | | Paraguay urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002497

Tmesiphantes spinopalpus Schaefer, 1996: 24, f. 1-4 (Dmf; N.B.: spelled spinopalpa in legends) Original description

Cyclosternum spinopalpus Rudloff, 2000: 6 (Tmf from Tmesiphantes)

Tmesiphantes spinopalpus Peters, 2000b: 128, f. 373-374 (mf)

Cyclosternum spinopalpus Peters, 2003: 155, f. 618, 621-622, 624 (mf)

Tmesiphantes spinopalpus Schmidt, 2003l: 192, f. 527-529 (mf)

Cyclosternum viridimonte Valerio, 1982 | | Costa Rica urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001949

Cyclosternum viridimontis Valerio, 1982: 412, f. 10-14, 27 (Dm) Original description

Cyclosternum viridimontis Smith, 1986b: 79, f. 20h (m)

Cyclosternum viridimontis Smith, 1987d: 79, f. 20h (m)

Cyclosternum viridimontis Schmidt, 2003l: 157, f. 310-313 (m)