World Spider Catalog

Theraphosidae Thorell, 1869

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: for the year of description (1869 vs. 1870) see Sherwood et al., 2021: 396, Breitling, 2021b published a different opinion; Raven, 1994: 333 considered the Trichopelmatinae (genera Trichopelma and Psalistops) to belong to the Theraphosidae rather than to Barychelidae, but has not provided a phylogenetic argument for this change; Trichopelma was finally transferred to the Theraphosidae (Guadanucci, 2014: 514) as well as Psalistops (Mori & Bertani, 2020: 37), so in fact Trichopelmatinae is now transferred to Theraphosidae; the monophyly of Theraphosidae and of the most recognized theraphosid subfamilies was confirmed by Lüddecke et al., 2018 and by Foley et al., 2019.

In synonymy:

Ceropelma Mello-Leitão, 1923 = Plesiopelma Pocock, 1901 (Pérez-Miles et al., 1996: 55)

Gen. Plesiopelma Pocock, 1901 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:00267

N.B.: removed from the synonymy of Citharacanthus Pocock, 1900 and considered a senior synonym of Ceropelma Mello-Leitão, 1923a: 175 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05096] (type C. insularis Mello-Leitão, 1923) by Pérez-Miles et al., 1996: 55.

Transferred to other genera:

Plesiopelma flavohirtum (Simon, 1889) -- see Catanduba

In synonymy:

Plesiopelma alcirae (Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1954, T from Homoeomma) = Plesiopelma longisternale Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1942 (Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1970b: 233, sub Ceropelma)

Plesiopelma symmetricum (Bücherl, 1949, T from Cyclosternum per Raven) = Plesiopelma insulare Mello-Leitão, 1923 (Indicatti et al., 2008a: 34)

Plesiopelma absconditum Ferretti, Nicoletta & Soresi, 2024 | | Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059662

Plesiopelma absconditus Ferretti, Nicoletta & Soresi, 2024: 136, f. 6A-E, 7A-F, 8A-G (Dmf; specific epithet is an adjective) Original description

Plesiopelma aspidosperma Ferretti & Barneche, 2014 | | Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:046736

Plesiopelma aspidosperma Ferretti & Barneche, 2014: 377, f. 9-15 (Dm) Original description

Plesiopelma aspidosperma Allegue et al., 2023a: 1851, f. 15-25 (m)

Plesiopelma gertschi (Caporiacco, 1955) | | Venezuela urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002328

Ceropelma gertschi Caporiacco, 1955: 279 (Df) Original description

Plesiopelma imperatrix Piza, 1976 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002329

Plesiopelma imperatrix Piza, 1976a: 3, f. 1 (Df) Original description

Eurypelma imperatrix Brignoli, 1983c: 137 (T due to generic S of Eurypelma, but that S rejected by Raven, 1985a: 157)

Citharacanthus imperatrix Platnick, 1993c: 103 (T due to generic S of Plesiopelma, but that S rejected by Pérez-Miles et al., 1996: 55)

Plesiopelma insulare (Mello-Leitão, 1923) | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002330

Ceropelma insularis Mello-Leitão, 1923a: 176 (Dm) Original description

Magulla symmetrica Bücherl, 1949b: 264, f. 1-2, pls. I-II (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001948]

Ceropelma insulare Bücherl, 1957: 389, f. 28-28a (m)

Ceropelma insularis Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1970b: 229, f. 1-5 (m)

Magulla symmetrica Lucas & Bücherl, 1973: 244, f. 7 (f only)

Magulla symmetrica Schmidt, 1986: 42, f. 19-20 (m)

Ceropelma insulare Schmidt, 1986: 46, f. 48-49 (m)

Ceropelma insulare Schmidt, 1993d: 61, f. 36-37 (m)

Cyclosternum symmetricum Schmidt, 1993d: 62, f. 61-63 (mf)

Plesiopelma insulare Pérez-Miles et al., 1996: 55, f. 38 (m)

Plesiopelma insulare Schmidt, 1997g: 15, f. 42, 46 (m)

Cyclosternum symmetricum Schmidt, 1997g: 18, f. 127, 132 (m)

Plesiopelma insulare Bertani, 2000: 30, f. 11-12 (m)

Cyclosternum symmetricum Schmidt, 2003l: 157, f. 307-309 (mf)

Plesiopelma insulare Schmidt, 2003l: 184, f. 470-471 (m)

Plesiopelma insulare Indicatti et al., 2008a: 34 (S of Cyclosternum symmetricum)

Plesiopelma longisternale (Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1942) | | Argentina, Uruguay urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002331

Ceropelma longisternalis Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1942: 317, f. 1-3 (Dm) Original description

Homoeomma alcirae Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1954: 420, f. 1-3 (Dm)

Ceropelma longisternalis Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1970b: 233, f. 6-12 (m, Df, S of Homoeomma alcirae)

Ceropelma longisternalis Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1973b: 64, f. 85-91 (mf)

Ceropelma longisternalis Schmidt, 1993d: 61, f. 43-45 (mf)

Plesiopelma longisternale Pérez-Miles et al., 1996: 55, f. 39 (m)

Plesiopelma longisternale Schmidt, 1997g: 16, f. 45, 48, 51 (mf)

Plesiopelma longisternale Vol, 1999a: 12, f. U (f)

Plesiopelma longisternale Schmidt, 1999f: 9, f. 10-12 (mf)

Plesiopelma longisternale Schmidt, 2003l: 125, f. 96-98 (mf)

Plesiopelma longisternale Ferretti et al., 2010: 17, f. 7-8 (m)

Plesiopelma longisternale Pérez-Miles & Perafán, 2020: 129, f. 5.3A (m)

Plesiopelma longisternale Ferretti, Nicoletta & Soresi, 2024: 134, f. 2, 3A-D, 4A-E, 5A-D (mf)

Plesiopelma manni Gabriel, Sherwood & Pérez-Miles, 2023 | | Bolivia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059363

Plesiopelma manni Gabriel, Sherwood & Pérez-Miles, 2023: 948, f. 16-25 (Dm) Original description

Plesiopelma minense (Mello-Leitão, 1943) | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002494

Tmesiphantes minensis Mello-Leitão, 1943b: 257 (Dm) Original description

Tmesiphantes minensis Bücherl, 1957: 392, f. 39-39a (m)

Tmesiphantes minensis Schmidt, 1986: 42, f. 22-23 (m)

Dryptopelma minense Schmidt, 1993d: 65, f. 91-92 (m)

Tmesiphantes minensis Schaefer, 1996: 27, f. 15-16 (m, T from Dryptopelma = Cyclosternum)

Tmesiphantes minensis Schmidt, 2003l: 192, f. 525-526 (m)

Plesiopelma minensis Yamamoto et al., 2007: 977 (T from Tmesiphantes)

Plesiopelma myodes Pocock, 1901 | | Uruguay urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002332

Plesiopelma myodes Pocock, 1901c: 554 (Dm) Original description

Plesiopelma myodes Mello-Leitão, 1923a: 181 (Df)

Plesiopelma myodes Pérez-Miles et al., 1996: 55, f. 40 (f)

Plesiopelma paganoi Ferretti & Barneche, 2014 | | Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:046735

Plesiopelma paganoi Ferretti & Barneche, 2014: 375, f. 1-6 (Dm) Original description

Plesiopelma physopus (Mello-Leitão, 1926) | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002496

Tmesiphantes physopus Mello-Leitão, 1926a: 318, f. 6 (Dm) Original description

Tmesiphantes physopus Schaefer, 1996: 27 (T from Dryptopelma = Cyclosternum)

Plesiopelma physopus Yamamoto et al., 2007: 977 (T from Tmesiphantes)

Plesiopelma rectimanus (Mello-Leitão, 1923) | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002333

Hapalopus rectimanus Mello-Leitão, 1923a: 161 (Dmf; specific epithet is a noun) Original description

Hapalopus rectimanus Smith, 1986b: 84, f. 45h (m)

Hapalopus rectimanus Smith, 1987d: 84, f. 45h (m)

Plesiopelma rectimanum Pérez-Miles et al., 1996: 48 (T from Hapalopus)

Plesiopelma semiaurantiacum (Simon, 1897) | | Paraguay, Uruguay urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002334

Cyclosternum semiaurantiacum Simon, 1897e: 4 (Dmf) Original description

Hapalopus semiaurantiacus Roewer, 1942a: 231

Cyclosternum semiaurantiacum Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1962b: 72, pl. 2, f. 1 (f, T from Hapalopus)

Ceropelma semiaurantiacum Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1970b: 237, f. 13-18 (mf, T from Cyclosternum)

Ceropelma semiaurantiacum Schmidt, 1993d: 61, f. 38-39 (mf)

Plesiopelma semiaurantiacum Schmidt, 1997g: 16, f. 43, 49 (mf)

Plesiopelma semiaurantiacum Schmidt, 2003l: 184, f. 472-473 (f)