World Spider Catalog

Ctenidae Keyserling, 1877

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Acanthoctenidae by Lehtinen, 1967: 378; Lehtinen's inclusion of the Thalassiinae (Pisauridae) was rejected by Brignoli, 1983c: 585; considered polyphyletic by Griswold, 1993: 37); limits thoroughly discussed by Silva-Dávila, 2003; Cupiennius Simon, 1891 transferred to the Trechaleidae by Piacentini & Ramírez, 2019: 233 and Mahafalytenus Silva-Dávila, 2007 transferred to the Viridasiidae by Azevedo et al., 2022: 12; the family is not monophyletic per Kulkarni, Wood & Hormiga, 2023: 517, f. 17-18.

In synonymy:

Nydia Thorell, 1890 = Anahita Karsch, 1879 (Simon, 1897a: 121)

Gen. Anahita Karsch, 1879 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01778

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Nydia Thorell, 1890c: 133 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05608] (type N. punctata Thorell, 1890) by Simon, 1897a: 121.

Transferred to other genera:

Anahita embriki Caporiacco, 1949 -- see Ctenus

Anahita isaloensis Ono, 1993 -- see Vulsor

Anahita kiwuensis Strand, 1915 -- see Ctenus

Anahita nigritarsis Pavesi, 1897 -- see Ctenus

Anahita strandi Caporiacco, 1947 -- see Ctenus

In synonymy:

Anahita cambridgei Lessert, 1915 = Anahita mamma Karsch, 1884 (Benoit, 1977m: 373)

Anahita icterica Simon, 1909 = Anahita aculeata Simon, 1897 (Benoit, 1977m: 371)

Anahita lurida Simon, 1897 = Anahita aculeata Simon, 1897 (Benoit, 1977m: 371)

Anahita strandi Lessert, 1929 = Anahita aculeata Simon, 1897 (Benoit, 1977m: 371)

Nomina dubia:

Anahita animosa (Walckenaer, 1837: 331, f, USA, originally in Lycosa) -- Peck, 1981: 157

Anahita caporiaccoi Roewer, 1951: 447 (replacement name for A. multidentata Caporiacco, 1941b: 120, j, not mf, Ethiopia) -- Benoit, 1977m: 380

Anahita debilis (Pavesi, 1895a: 523, m, Ethiopia, originally in Phoneutria) -- Benoit, 1977m: 379

Anahita insularis Strand, 1907d: 738 (j, Madagascar) -- Benoit, 1977m: 380

Anahita multidentata Schenkel, 1936b: 171 (j, China) -- Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 465

Anahita unifasciata Simon, 1904c: 445 (m, Congo) -- Benoit, 1977m: 380

Anahita aculeata (Simon, 1897) | | West, Central Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020422

Ctenus aculeatus Simon, 1897b: 494 (Df) Original description

Anahita lurida Simon, 1897b: 497 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055288]

Anahita icterica Simon, 1909f: 363 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055287]

Anahita strandi Lessert, 1929: 146, f. 25 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055289]

Ctenus aculeatus Hyatt, 1954: 892, f. 18 (f)

Anahita aculeata Benoit, 1977m: 371, f. 1A-D (mf, T from Ctenus, S of Anahita icterica, A. lurida and A. strandi)

Anahita aculeata Steyn, Van der Donckt & Jocqué, 2003: 141, f. 21-25, 79 (mf)

Anahita aculeata Henrard & Jocqué, 2017a: 146, f. S5A-E (mf)

Anahita blandini Benoit, 1977 | | Ivory Coast urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020423

Anahita blandini Benoit, 1977o: 717, f. 2C-D (Dmf) Original description

Anahita centralis Benoit, 1977 | | Central Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020424

Anahita centralis Benoit, 1977o: 713, f. 1A-B (Dmf) Original description

Anahita concrassata Benoit, 1977 | | Burundi urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020425

Anahita concrassata Benoit, 1977o: 714, f. 1C-D (Df) Original description

Anahita concreata Benoit, 1977 | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020426

Anahita concreata Benoit, 1977o: 716, f. 1E-F (Df) Original description

Anahita concussor Benoit, 1977 | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020427

Anahita concussor Benoit, 1977o: 717, f. 2A-B (Dm) Original description

Anahita dangsa (Reddy & Patel, 1994) | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020538

Ctenus dangsus Reddy & Patel, 1994: 131, f. 1-5 (Df) Original description

Anahita dangsa Jäger, 2022a: 187 (T from Ctenus)

Anahita denticulata (Simon, 1884) | | Myanmar, Indonesia (Simeulue) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020544

Leptoctenus denticulatus Simon, 1884n: 355 (Df) Original description

Ctenus denticulatus Thorell, 1895b: 216 (Dm)

Leptoctenus denticulatus F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897c: 338, pl. 4, f. 4-6, 9 (mf)

Ctenus denticulatus Gravely, 1931: 231, f. 1A, 2A (mf)

Anahita denticulata Jäger, 2012e: 8, f. 11-13, 20 (Tmf from Ctenus)

Anahita faradjensis Lessert, 1929 | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020428

Anahita faradjensis Lessert, 1929: 149, f. 26 (Df) Original description

Anahita faradjensis Benoit, 1977m: 373, f. 1E (f)

Anahita fauna Karsch, 1879 | | Russia (Far East), Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020429

Anahita fauna Karsch, 1879g: 99, pl. 1, f. 18 (Df) Original description

Anahita fauna Simon, 1897a: 123, f. 114-115

Anahita fauna Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 290, pl. 7, f. 86, pl. 13, f. 313-314 (f, Dm)

Anahita fauna Paik & Namkung, 1979: 87, f. 77.1-2 (mf)

Anahita fauna Song, 1987: 333, f. 287 (mf)

Anahita fauna Chikuni, 1989b: 132, f. 1 (mf)

Anahita fauna Feng, 1990: 174, f. 149.1-6 (mf)

Anahita fauna Chen & Zhang, 1991: 261, f. 274.1-3 (mf)

Anahita fauna Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 465, f. 267J, N (mf)

Anahita fauna Song, Zhu & Chen, 2001: 365, f. 239A-C (mf, misidentified per Jäger, 2012e: 12)

Anahita fauna Namkung, 2002: 408, f. 31.1a-b (mf)

Anahita fauna Kim & Cho, 2002: 188, f. 385-390 (mf)

Anahita fauna Namkung, 2003: 410, f. 31.1a-b (mf)

Anahita fauna Yoshida, 2009b: 467, f. 6-10 (mf)

Anahita fauna Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 412, f. 294A-D (mf)

Anahita fauna Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2011: 141, f. 13.1-5 (mf)

Anahita fauna Yin et al., 2012: 934, f. 472a-e (mf)

Anahita fauna Jäger, 2012e: 9, f. 25-27 (f)

Anahita fauna Kim & Lee, 2018c: 40, f. 20A-D, pl. 8 (mf)

Anahita fauna Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 163, f. 119A-G (mf)

Anahita feae (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902) | | Myanmar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020566

Ctenus obscurus Thorell, 1887: 295 (Df, preoccupied)

Ctenus feae F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902b: 414 (replacement name) Original description

Anahita feai Jäger, 2012e: 7, f. 5-7, 21-24 (Tf from Ctenus; N.B.: unjustified emendation, see ICZN Article 31.1.1)

Anahita jianfengensis Zhang, Hu & Han, 2011 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043938

Anahita jianfengensis Zhang, Hu & Han, 2011: 85, f. 1-9 (Dmf) Original description

Anahita jinsi Jäger, 2012 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:045321

Anahita jinsi Jäger, 2012e: 11, f. 28-38 (Dmf) Original description

Anahita jinsi Li, Jin & Zhang, 2014: 149, f. 12-18 (mf)

Anahita jinsi Jin, 2018: 79, f. 12-1.A-C, pl. 17 (f)

Anahita jucunda (Thorell, 1897) | | Myanmar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020602

Ctenus jucundus Thorell, 1897b: 17 (Df) Original description

Anahita jucunda Jäger, 2012e: 7, f. 8-10, 16-19 (Tf from Ctenus)

Anahita lineata Simon, 1897 | | Ivory Coast, Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020431

Anahita lineata Simon, 1897a: 121, f. 116-117 (m)

Anahita lineata Simon, 1897b: 497 (Dm) Original description

Anahita lineata Benoit, 1977m: 377, f. 3D (m)

Anahita lineata Steyn, Van der Donckt & Jocqué, 2003: 143, f. 26-30, 80 (m, Df)

Anahita lycosina (Simon, 1897) | | West Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020432

Ctenus lycosinus Simon, 1897b: 493 (Df) Original description

Ctenus lycosinus Simon, 1909f: 360

Ctenus lycosinus Hyatt, 1954: 892, f. 17 (f)

Leptoctenus lycosinus Lehtinen, 1967: 458, f. 413 (m [fig. only, no description], T from Ctenus)

Anahita lycosina Benoit, 1977m: 377, f. 3C (f, T from Ctenus/Leptoctenus)

Anahita mamma Karsch, 1884 | | West, Central, East Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020433

Anahita mamma Karsch, 1884a: 62, f. 1 (Df) Original description

Ctenus debilis Strand, 1908l: 43, pl. 2, f. 9 (f, misidentified)

Anahita debilis Lessert, 1915a: 45, pl. 2, f. 47 (f, misidentified)

Anahita cambridgei Lessert, 1915a: 47, pl. 2, f. 41-42 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055286]

Anahita mamma Benoit, 1977m: 373, f. 2A-E (mf, S of Anahita cambridgei )

Anahita mamma Polotow & Brescovit, 2014: 345, f. 5E-F, 14B (mf)

Anahita maolan Zhu, Chen & Song, 1999 | | China, Taiwan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020434

Anahita maolan Zhu, Chen & Song, 1999: 210, f. 1-5 (Dmf) Original description

Anahita maolan Yin et al., 2012: 936, f. 473a-e (mf)

Anahita maolan Marusik & Omelko, 2016b: 156, f. 1-13, 32-34 (mf)

Anahita medog Li & Yao, 2022 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:056875

Anahita medog Li & Yao in Chu et al., 2022c: 15, f. 10a-c, 11a-f, 14a (Dmf) Original description

Anahita medog Wang et al., 2024d: 123, f. 3A-D, 4A-G (mf)

Anahita menglun Yao & Li, 2022 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055552

Anahita menglun Yao & Li in Lu et al., 2022b: 3, f. 2a-c, 9a (Dm) Original description

Anahita nathani Strand, 1907 | j | Bahama Is. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020435

Anahita sp. Banks, 1906a: 187 (j)

Anahita nathani Strand, 1907q: 693 (Dj) Original description

Anahita pallida (L. Koch, 1875) | | Egypt, Ethiopia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020436

Ctenus pallidus L. Koch, 1875b: 84, pl. 7, f. 7 (Df) Original description

Titurius pallidus Simon, 1884n: 329

Thalassius pallidus Simon, 1898a: 298

Anahita pallida Benoit, 1977m: 377, f. 3E-F (Tf from Thalassius=Nilus)

Ctenus pallidus Sierwald, 1987: 128 (T from Thalassius, incertae sedis)

Anahita periculosa (Bristowe, 1931) | | Indonesia (Krakatau) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020658

Ctenus periculosus Bristowe, 1931c: 1395, f. 1-5 (Dmf) Original description

Anahita periculosa Jäger, 2022a: 186, f. 858-859, 861-864 (mf, T from Ctenus)

Anahita popa Jäger & Minn, 2015 | | Myanmar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047897

Anahita popa Jäger & Minn, 2015: 236, f. 1-6 (Df) Original description

Anahita popa Chu et al., 2022c: 21, f. 12a-c, 13a-f, 14b (Dm, f)

Anahita punctata (Thorell, 1890) | j | Indonesia (Sumatra) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020437

Nydia punctata Thorell, 1890c: 133 (Dj) Original description

Anahita punctata Simon, 1897a: 121

Anahita punctulata (Hentz, 1844) | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020438

Ctenus punctulatus Hentz, 1844: 394, pl. 19, f. 5-6 (Df) Original description

Arctosa animosa Simon, 1864: 346

Anahita punctulata Simon, 1897a: 123

Ctenus punctulatus Banks, 1898b: 277

Ctenus punctulatus Bishop & Crosby, 1926: 184, pl. 23, f. 31-33 (f, Dm)

Anahita animosa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944: 156

Anahita punctulata Peck, 1981: 158, f. 1-4 (mf, removed from S of A. animosa)

Anahita punctulata Silva-Dávila, 2003: 56, f. 22a (f)

Anahita pygmaea Benoit, 1977 | | Ivory Coast urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020439

Anahita pygmaea Benoit, 1977o: 719, f. 2E-F (Dmf) Original description

Anahita samplexa Yin, Tang & Gong, 2000 | | China, Korea urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:037088

Anahita fauna Paik, 1978e: 403, f. 182.1-5 (mf, misidentified)

Anahita fauna Hu, 1984: 306, f. 325.1-4 (mf, misidentified)

Anahita fauna Zhang, 1987: 201, f. 174.1-5 (mf, misidentified)

Anahita samplexa Yin, Tang & Gong, 2000: 94, f. 1-5 (Dmf) Original description

Anahita samplexa Yin et al., 2012: 937, f. 474a-e (mf)

Anahita similis Caporiacco, 1947 | | Central, East Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020440

Anahita similis Caporiacco, 1947c: 201, pl. 2, f. 46 (Df) Original description

Anahita similis Benoit, 1977m: 376, f. 3A-B (f, Dm)

Anahita smythiesi (Simon, 1897) | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020698

Ctenus smythiesi Simon, 1897g: 260 (Df) Original description

Ctenus smythiesi Tikader & Malhotra, 1981: 119, f. 10A-C (f)

Anahita smythiesi Jäger, 2012e: 6, f. 2-4, 14-15 (Tf from Ctenus)

Anahita syriaca (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) | | Cyprus, Israel, Jordan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020705

Ctenus syriacus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 320 (Dj) Original description

Ctenus syriacus Sierwald, 1987: 128 (incertae sedis)

Anahita syriaca Levy, 2003: 11, f. 16-22 (Tj from Ctenus, Dmf)

Anahita syriaca Bosmans et al., 2019b: 10, f. 2a-f (m)

Anahita tuniensis (Patel & Reddy, 1988) | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020716

Ctenus tuniensis Patel & Reddy, 1988: 103, f. 1a-e (Df) Original description

Anahita tuniensis Jäger, 2022a: 187 (T from Ctenus)

Anahita wuyiensis Li, Jin & Zhang, 2014 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047079

Anahita wuyiensis Li, Jin & Zhang, 2014: 145, f. 1-11 (Dmf) Original description

Anahita zoroides Schmidt & Krause, 1994 | | Comoros urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020441

Anahita zoroides Schmidt & Krause, 1994d: 236, f. 2-3 (Dm) Original description