World Spider Catalog

Araneidae Clerck, 1757

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: family name and authorship as per ICZN, 2009 Opinion 2224, after application by Kluge, 2007; Arkyinae L. Koch, 1872 (genera Arkys Walckenaer, 1837 and Demadiana Strand, 1929) elevated to Arkyidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 244; monophyly of Araneidae stated by Kallal et al., 2018: 138; Nephilinae Simon, 1894 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0111] elevated to family and relimited by Kuntner, 2006: 24, re-synonymized with Araneidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 244; Nephilinae and Phonognathinae Simon, 1894 (Simon, 1894a: 746 as Phonognatheae), the valid name for Zygiellinae Simon, 1929 sensu Wunderlich, 2004f, elevated to family by Kuntner et al., 2019: 563, not accepted by Scharff et al., 2020 and Kallal et al., 2020, and confirmed as family by Kuntner et al., 2023: 969-970 along with the separation of Paraplectanoididae Kuntner, Coddington, Agnarsson & Bond, 2023 (with the single genus Paraplectanoides Keyserling, 1886); Nephilinae and Phonognathinae downgraded to subfamily and Paraplectanoididae considered a synonym of Araneidae by Hormiga et al., 2023: 803; Oarcinae (Gnolus and Oarces) transferred from the Mimitidae to the Araneidae by Dimitrov et al., 2012: Suppl. 1, p. 15, re-transfer to the Mimetidae by Eskov & Marusik, 2023: 340 not accepted here (by majority vote of the WSC boards).

Gen. Scoloderus Simon, 1887 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01557

N.B: even though Simon, 1887d: 187 was wrong in stating a preoccupation of Hypophthalma, he used a different type species, which originally was not included in Hypophthalma (see Hypognatha).

Transferred to other genera:

Scoloderus soaresi Mello-Leitão, 1945 -- see Testudinaria

In synonymy:

Scoloderus americanus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) = Scoloderus tuberculifer O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 (Traw, 1996: 67)

Scoloderus birabeni Mello-Leitão, 1945 (removed from S of S. cordatus) = Scoloderus gibber O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898 (Traw, 1996: 61, contra Levi, 1976: 386)

Scoloderus eresimorphus (Taczanowski, 1879) = Scoloderus cordatus Taczanowski, 1879 (Levi, 1976: 386)

Scoloderus hybus Chamberlin, 1916 = Scoloderus tuberculifer O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 (Traw, 1996: 67)

Scoloderus intermedius Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1948 (removed from S of S. cordatus) = Scoloderus gibber O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898 (Traw, 1996: 61, contra Levi, 1976: 386)

Scoloderus nigrocellatus Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1948 = Scoloderus tuberculifer O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 (Traw, 1996: 67)

Scoloderus normalis (Keyserling, 1892) = Scoloderus cordatus Taczanowski, 1879 (Traw, 1996: 57)

Scoloderus ackerlyi Traw, 1996 | | Belize urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017028

Scoloderus ackerlyi Traw, 1996: 70, f. 35-41 (Df) Original description

Scoloderus cordatus (Taczanowski, 1879) | | Mexico to Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017029

Hypophthalma cordata Taczanowski, 1879: 129, pl. 2, f. 40 (Df) Original description

Hypophthalma eresimorpha Taczanowski, 1879: 130, pl. 2, f. 41 (Dm)

Scoloderus cordatus Simon, 1887d: 187

Carepalxis americana O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889d: 49, pl. 4, f. 8 (m, misidentified)

Carepalxis americana Keyserling, 1892: 51, pl. 2, f. 41 (mf, misidentified)

Carepalxis normalis Keyserling, 1892: 53, pl. 2, f. 42 (Df)

Scoloderus cordatus Simon, 1895a: 829, f. 873

Scoloderus eresimorphus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 386

Scoloderus normalis Mello-Leitão, 1947c: 14 (Tf from Carepalxis)

Scoloderus cordatus Levi, 1992a: 254 (S)

Scoloderus cordatus Traw, 1996: 56, f. 1-8 (mf, S)

Scoloderus gibber (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898) | | Mexico to Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017030

Scoloderus gibber O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898a: 282, pl. 36, f. 4 (Dmf) Original description

Scoloderus gibber F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904: 521, pl. 51, f. 8 (f)

Scoloderus birabeni Mello-Leitão, 1945b: 242 (Df)

Scoloderus intermedius Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1948: 13, f. 14-17 (Df)

Scoloderus gibber Traw, 1996: 61, f. 9-17 (removed mf from S of S. cordatus, contra Levi, 1976: 386, S)

Scoloderus nigriceps (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1895) | | USA, Mexico, Bahama Is., Cuba, Jamaica urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017031

Carepalxis nigriceps O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1895a: 158, pl. 19, f. 9 (Df) Original description

Scoloderus nigriceps F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904: 521, pl. 51, f. 7 (f)

Scoloderus cordatus Levi, 1976: 386, f. 126-136 (f, misidentified)

Scoloderus nigriceps Traw, 1996: 64, f. 18-26 (removed f from S of S. cordatus, contra Levi, 1976: 386, Dm)

Scoloderus nigriceps Levi, 2002: 551, f. 235-236 (m)

Scoloderus tuberculifer (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) | | USA to Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017033

Carepalxis tuberculifera O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889d: 48, pl. 4, f. 9 (Df) Original description

Carepalxis americana O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889d: 49, pl. 4, f. 9 (Df, not m, =S. cordatus)

Carepalxis tuberculifer Keyserling, 1892: 50, pl. 2, f. 40 (f)

Carepalxis tuberculifer McCook, 1894: 207, pl. 13, f. 6 (f)

Scoloderus americanus F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904: 521, pl. 51, f. 6 (f)

Scoloderus tuberculifer Petrunkevitch, 1911: 386

Scoloderus hybus Chamberlin, 1916: 260, pl. 19, f. 9-10 (Df)

Scoloderus tuberculiferus Archer, 1941b: 15, pl. II, f. 4-5 (Dm)

Scoloderus nigrocellatus Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1948: 14, f. 18-21, pl. I (Df)

Scoloderus tuberculifer Traw, 1996: 67, f. 27-34 (removed f from S of S. cordatus, contra Levi, 1992a: 254, Sm)