World Spider Catalog

Gnaphosidae Banks, 1892

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: the names Gnaphosae and Gnaphosi were used firstly at tribe level by Banks, 1892d: 92, 94 and thus Banks, 1892 is the valid authorship and year for the family, not Pocock, 1898c: 219; for the family name Drassidae Sundevall, 1833 see Simon, 1893a: 340 and Bonnet, 1956: 1554. Family relimited by Platnick, 1990a: 35 and Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 612; most genera listed by Brignoli, 1983c under Micariinae are treated here under Corinnidae and Phrurolithidae. Prodidomidae revalidated by Platnick, 1990a: 36 to include the former Prodidominae, Molycriinae and Anagraphidinae; Anagraphidinae transferred from Prodidomidae to Gnaphosidae by Platnick & Baehr, 2006: 5; Prodidomidae downgraded to subfamily of Gnaphosidae by Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 613 (synonyms: Molycriinae Simon, 1897 and Theuminae Simon, 1893), redefined by Rodrigues & Rheims, 2020b: 694 and elevated to familiy rank again by Azevedo et al., 2022: 12 (without Molycriinae); Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 612 distinguish several well definded clades within Gnaphosidae (Gnaphosinae Banks, 1892, Zelotinae Platnick, 1990, Herpyllinae Platnick, 1990, Drassodinae Simon, 1893, Prodidominae Simon, 1884 and Leptodrassinae Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018) and state three monogeneric subfamilies, Anagraphidinae Simon, 1893 (type genus Anagraphis), Echeminae Simon, 1893 (type genus Echemus) and Micariinae Banks, 1892 (type genus Micaria), which do not perform a grouping function; Micaria Westring 1851, Nauhea Forster, 1979 and Verita Ramirez & Grismado, 2015 (and some related genera) are probably not gnaphosids, and many genera are not assigned to a subfamily given their poorly supported and unstable relationships (Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 614); the subfamily Molycriinae Simon, 1897 is re-established by Rodrigues & Rheims, 2020b: 682 (includes Cryptotoerithus, Molycria, Myandra, Nomindra, Wesmaldra and Wydundra); Lin & Li, 2020e: 313 described the new subfamily Solitudinae, with the single genus Solitudes Lin & Li, 2020; Micariidae is regarded as a separate family (sister to Cithaeronidae) by Breitling, 2021: 19, but without listing the genera, which should belong to it, and it is also not accepted because it is based mainly on COI, see FAQ 7; Ammoxenidae (Ammoxenus, Austrammo, Barrowammo, Rastellus) are synonymized with Gnaphosidae by Azevedo et al., 2022: 12; the family is not monophyletic per Kulkarni, Wood & Hormiga, 2023: 520, f. 19.

In synonymy:

Cylphosa Chamberlin, 1939 = Gnaphosa Latreille, 1804 (Ubick & Roth, 1973a: 4)

Drassus Walckenaer, 1805 = Gnaphosa Latreille, 1804 (Simon, 1893a: 383)

Oreognaphosa Lohmander, 1944 = Gnaphosa Latreille, 1804 (Lohmander, 1944: 12, as subgenus)

Pterochroa Benoit, 1977 = Gnaphosa Latreille, 1804 (Murphy, 2007: 8)

Pythonissa C. L. Koch, 1837 = Gnaphosa Latreille, 1804 (Simon, 1893a: 383)

Gen. Gnaphosa Latreille, 1804 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02428

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Drassus Walckenaer, 1805: 45 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05568] (type Aranea lucifuga Walckenaer, 1802) and of Pythonissa C. L. Koch, 1837b: 16 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05567] (type P. nigra C. L. Koch, 1837 = Gnaphosa lucifuga (Walckenaer, 1802) by Simon, 1893a: 383 (who also fixed the types for both genera); for the name Drassus see also the discussion by Simon, 1893a: 340; considered a senior synonym of Cylphosa Chamberlin, 1933a: 2 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05566] (type Gnaphosa gosoga Chamberlin, 1928 = Gnaphosa californica Banks, 1904) by Ubick & Roth, 1973a: 4 and of Pterochroa Benoit, 1977c: 52 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02466] (type Gnaphosa funerea Dalmas, 1921) by Murphy, 2007: x, 8; erroneously considered a senior synonym of Drassina Grube, 1861 by Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988: 205, see Tegenaria; Oreognaphosa Lohmander, 1944: 11 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:06022] (type Pythonissa leporina L. Koch, 1866) was described as subgenus of Gnaphosa.

Transferred to other genera:

Gnaphosa canaricola Strand, 1911 -- see Scotognapha

Gnaphosa cinereoplumosa (Simon, 1878) -- see Berlandina

Gnaphosa lindbergi Roewer, 1961 -- see Fedotovia

Gnaphosa passerina (Simon, 1884) -- see Berlandina

Gnaphosa rhodopis L. Koch, 1875 -- see Berlandina

Gnaphosa rufa Denis, 1958 -- see Sosticus

Gnaphosa scutata (Mello-Leitão, 1939) -- see Urozelotes

In synonymy:

Gnaphosa acuaria Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa licenti Schenkel, 1953 (Song, 1987: 338, sub G. denisi)

Gnaphosa adriatica Kulczyński, 1897 = Gnaphosa dolosa Herman, 1879 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 9)

Gnaphosa adspersa (Grube, 1861, T from Pterotricha) = Gnaphosa kompirensis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 35)

Gnaphosa aeditua Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa licenti Schenkel, 1953 (Song, 1987: 339, sub G. denisi)

Gnaphosa ajdahania Roewer, 1961 = Gnaphosa haarlovi Denis, 1958 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 16)

Gnaphosa alberti Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa kansuensis Schenkel, 1936 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 34)

Gnaphosa annamita Simon, 1908 = Gnaphosa kompirensis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 37)

Gnaphosa auriceps Schenkel, 1953 = Gnaphosa mongolica Simon, 1895 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 46)

Gnaphosa baotianmanensis Hu, Wang & Wang, 1991 = Gnaphosa hastata Fox, 1937 (Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 99)

Gnaphosa barroisi Simon, 1892 = Gnaphosa dolosa Herman, 1879 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 9, but see Levy, 1995: 977)

Gnaphosa berlandi Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa mandschurica Schenkel, 1963 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 46)

Gnaphosa bilineata L. Koch, 1879 = Gnaphosa microps Holm, 1939 (Holm, 1973: 103, who suppressed the older name for lack of use)

Gnaphosa bonneti Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa sinensis Simon, 1880 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 71)

Gnaphosa braendegaardi Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa mandschurica Schenkel, 1963 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 46)

Gnaphosa chaffanjoni Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa mongolica Simon, 1895 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 46)

Gnaphosa charitonowi Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa mandschurica Schenkel, 1963 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 46)

Gnaphosa corifera Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa mongolica Simon, 1895 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 46)

Gnaphosa davidi Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa kompirensis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 37)

Gnaphosa denisi Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa licenti Schenkel, 1953 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 53)

Gnaphosa distincta Banks, 1898 = Gnaphosa fontinalis Keyserling, 1887 (Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 54, contra Ubick & Roth, 1973a: 4)

Gnaphosa diversa (Blackwall, 1871, T from Drassodes) = Gnaphosa sericata L. Koch, 1866 (Ubick & Roth, 1973a: 4, but see Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 7)

Gnaphosa falculata Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa kansuensis Schenkel, 1936 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 34)

Gnaphosa gigantea Keyserling, 1887 = Gnaphosa muscorum L. Koch, 1866 (Ubick & Roth, 1973a: 4, after Gertsch, 1935a: 28)

Gnaphosa glandifera Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa mandschurica Schenkel, 1963 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 45)

Gnaphosa gosoga Chamberlin, 1928 = Gnaphosa californica Banks, 1904 (Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 57)

Gnaphosa holmi Tullgren, 1942 (N.B.: identical replacement name provided by Lohmander, 1942: 47) = Gnaphosa orites Chamberlin, 1922 (Holm, 1950: 129)

Gnaphosa holmi Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa mandschurica Schenkel, 1963 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 45)

Gnaphosa hortula Roewer, 1955 = Gnaphosa hastata Fox, 1937 (Roewer, 1955c: 363, apparently an erroneous second listing of G. hastata)

Gnaphosa inconspicua (Bryant, 1948, T from Poecilochroa) = Gnaphosa sericata L. Koch, 1866 (Platnick & Shadab, 1981e: 7)

Gnaphosa intermedia Holm, 1939 = Gnaphosa sticta Kulczyński, 1908 (Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988: 209)

Gnaphosa koreae Strand, 1907 = Gnaphosa sinensis Simon, 1880 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 71)

Gnaphosa kratochvili Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa sinensis Simon, 1880 (Song, 1987: 339)

Gnaphosa labradorensis Fox, 1938 = Gnaphosa orites Chamberlin, 1922 (Ubick & Roth, 1973a: 4)

Gnaphosa laeta Kulczyński, 1897 = Gnaphosa modestior Kulczyński, 1897 (Řezáč et al., 2018a: 291)

Gnaphosa lapponum inermis Strand, 1899 = Gnaphosa lapponum L. Koch, 1866 (Nentwig et al., 2019: 39)

Gnaphosa lesserti Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa similis Kulczyński, 1926 (Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 27, contra Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 42, who considered it as S of G. muscorum)

Gnaphosa luctifica Simon, 1880 = Gnaphosa dolosa Herman, 1879 (Déjean, 2015c: 81)

Gnaphosa martae Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa sinensis Simon, 1880 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 71)

Gnaphosa mima Chamberlin, 1933 = Gnaphosa borea Kulczyński, 1908 (Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988: 207)

Gnaphosa molesta O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898 = Gnaphosa badia L. Koch, 1866 (Danflous, Crowther & Simmons, 2020: 8)

Gnaphosa monteserra Wunderlich, 2015 = Gnaphosa artaensis Wunderlich, 2011 (Wunderlich, 2017b: 314)

Gnaphosa mulaiki Chamberlin, 1936 = Gnaphosa clara Keyserling, 1887 (Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 12)

Gnaphosa nigra Kulczyński, 1926 = Gnaphosa nigerrima L. Koch, 1877 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 81)

Gnaphosa orchymonti Giltay, 1932 = Gnaphosa dolosa Herman, 1879 (Bosmans, 2013: 182)

Gnaphosa peon Chamberlin, 1925 = Gnaphosa sericata L. Koch, 1866 (Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 61)

Gnaphosa plebeja Thorell, 1875 = Gnaphosa badia L. Koch, 1866 (Roewer, 1955c: 361)

Gnaphosa proxima Kulczyński, 1908 = Gnaphosa gracilior Kulczyński, 1901 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 49)

Gnaphosa pseudolapponica Strand, 1904 = Gnaphosa lapponum L. Koch, 1866 (Aakra, 2009: 18)

Gnaphosa pseudomongolica Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa gracilior Kulczyński, 1901 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 49, contra Hu & Wu, 1989: 271)

Gnaphosa punctata Kulczyński, 1901 = Gnaphosa mongolica Simon, 1895 (Loksa, 1965: 23, sub G. spinosa)

Gnaphosa roeweri Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa kansuensis Schenkel, 1936 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 34)

Gnaphosa rudolfi Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa stoliczkai O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 12)

Gnaphosa schensiensis Schenkel, 1963 = Gnaphosa sinensis Simon, 1880 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 71)

Gnaphosa septentrionalis Fox, 1938 = Gnaphosa clara Keyserling, 1887 (Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 12)

Gnaphosa silvicola Kamura, 1988 = Gnaphosa potanini Simon, 1895 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 32)

Gnaphosa soror Herman, 1879 = Gnaphosa lugubris C. L. Koch, 1839 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 20)

Gnaphosa spadicea Simon, 1914 = Gnaphosa dolosa Herman, 1879 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 9)

Gnaphosa spinosa Kulczyński, 1897 = Gnaphosa mongolica Simon, 1895 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 46)

Gnaphosa stuxbergi Holm, 1970 = Gnaphosa orites Chamberlin, 1922 (Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988: 208)

Gnaphosa subparvula Fox, 1938 = Gnaphosa borea Kulczyński, 1908 (Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 39, sub G. mima)

Gnaphosa suchuana Chamberlin, 1924 = Gnaphosa kompirensis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 37)

Gnaphosa suspecta Herman, 1879 = Gnaphosa moesta Thorell, 1875 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 31)

Gnaphosa taegensis Paik, 1989 = Gnaphosa licenti Schenkel, 1953 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 53)

Gnaphosa tarimuensis Hu, 1989 = Gnaphosa gracilior Kulczyński, 1901 (Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 49)

Gnaphosa texana Chamberlin, 1922 = Gnaphosa fontinalis Keyserling, 1887 (Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 54)

Gnaphosa turkmenica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 = Gnaphosa ukrainica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 (Kovblyuk, 2005a: 136)

Gnaphosa ustyuzhanini Fomichev, Marusik & Omelko, 2013 = Gnaphosa rasnitsyni Marusik, 1993 (Fomichev & Marusik, 2017b: 78)

Homonyms replaced:

Gnaphosa caucasica Mcheidze, 1997 -- see Gnaphosa mcheidzeae Mikhailov, 1998

Gnaphosa punctata Tullgren, 1942 -- see Gnaphosa muscorum gaunitzi Tullgren, 1955

Gnaphosa zonsteini Fomichev & Marusik, 2017 -- see Gnaphosa serzonshteini Fomichev & Marusik, 2017 Fomichev & Marusik, 2017c

Nomina dubia:

Gnaphosa abnormis Banks, 1898b: 222, pl. 13, f. 15 (f, Mexico) -- Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 7

Gnaphosa bicolor (Hentz, 1847: 456, pl. 24, f. 4, f, USA, originally in Herpyllus) -- Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 7

Gnaphosa crassipes Schenkel, 1936b: 262 (j, Mongolia) -- Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 4

Gnaphosa decepta Banks, 1898b: 221, pl. 13, f. 14 (f, Mexico) -- Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 7

Gnaphosa expilator Drensky, 1929: 12, 64, pl. 1, f. 10-11 (j, Balkans) -- Deltshev, 2003: 143

Gnaphosa fumosa (C. L. Koch, 1843: 118, pl. 356, f. 832, f, Germany, originally in Pythonissa) -- Grimm, 1985: 287

Gnaphosa humilis Banks, 1892a: 19, pl. 1, f. 9 (f, USA) -- Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 7

Gnaphosa immatura Strand, 1942: 396 (j, Britain; replacement name for G. suspecta O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879e: 191, preoccupied by Herman, 1879, see Gnaphosa moesta) -- Bristowe, 1941: 529

Gnaphosa kankhalae Biswas & Roy, 2008: 53, f. 3-15 (f, India) -- Sherwood & Caleb, 2024: 114

Gnaphosa multispinosa Schenkel, 1936b: 261 (j, Mongolia) -- Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 4

Gnaphosa nana (C. L. Koch, 1843: 119, pl. 356, f. 833, f, Germany, originally in Pythonissa) -- Grimm, 1985: 287

Gnaphosa nigella L. Koch, 1878b: 39, pl. 1, f. 1 (f, Armenia) -- Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 4

Gnaphosa subrufula Strand, 1907m: 396 (j, Russia/Europe) -- Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 4

Gnaphosa thorelli (Lebert, 1877: 236, mf, Switzerland, originally in Pythonissa) -- Grimm, 1985: 287

Gnaphosa aborigena Tystshenko, 1965 | | Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027187

Gnaphosa aborigena Tystshenko, 1965: 697, f. 2 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa aborigena Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 84, f. 246, 301-304 (f, Dm; N.B.: m of Ponomarev, 1981 =G. dolosa)

Gnaphosa akagiensis Hayashi, 1994 | | Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027188

Gnaphosa akagiensis Hayashi, 1994b: 156, f. 1-6 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa akagiensis Kamura, 2009: 488, f. 53-56 (mf)

Gnaphosa akagiensis Suzuki, 2019e: 106, f. 1-5 (mf)

Gnaphosa aksuensis Fomichev, 2019 | | Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051543

Gnaphosa aksuensis Fomichev, 2019: 570, f. 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa alacris Simon, 1878 | | Morocco, Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Croatia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027189

Gnaphosa alacris Simon, 1878a: 191 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa kulczynskii Damin, 1896: 343 (Df)

Gnaphosa alacris Simon, 1914: 194, 202, 225, f. 421, 449 (mf)

Gnaphosa alacris Denis, 1936: 114, f. 6 (f)

Gnaphosa alacris Di Franco, 1992: 216, f. 1-4 (mf)

Gnaphosa alacris Pesarini, 2000: 383, f. 12-13 (mf)

Gnaphosa alacris Kovblyuk, 2005a: 137, f. 14-17 (mf)

Gnaphosa alacris Gaymard & Lecigne, 2018: 12, f. 16D-G (f)

Gnaphosa alpica Simon, 1878 | | Alps (France, Italy, Switzerland, Austria) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027190

Gnaphosa alpica Simon, 1878a: 183 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa alpica Lessert, 1910b: 79, f. 66 (f)

Gnaphosa alpica Simon, 1914: 203, 224, f. 452 (f, S of G. molesta O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898; rejected by Danflous, Crowther & Simmons, 2020: 8, see Gnaphosa badia)

Gnaphosa alpica Grimm, 1985: 49, f. 77-78 (f)

Gnaphosa alpica Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 426, f. 1122 (f)

Gnaphosa alpica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 61, f. 223-224 (f, m = G. modestior per Řezáč et al., 2018: 289; S of G. laeta, rejected by Řezáč et al., 2018: 291)

Gnaphosa alpica Řezáč et al., 2018a: 289, f. 1A,D,G, 2A-B,E-F (Dm, f)

Gnaphosa altudona Chamberlin, 1922 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027191

Gnaphosa altudona Chamberlin, 1922: 167 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa altudona Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 30, f. 59-64 (f, Dm)

Gnaphosa altudona Breene et al., 1993: 88, f. 108A-B (mf)

Gnaphosa antipola Chamberlin, 1933 | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027192

Gnaphosa antipola Chamberlin, 1933a: 4, f. 5-7 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa antipola Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 52, f. 117-122 (mf)

Gnaphosa antipola Platnick & Dondale, 1992: 172, f. 260-263 (mf)

Gnaphosa artaensis Wunderlich, 2011 | | Portugal, Spain (incl. Balearic Is.) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043972

Gnaphosa artaensis Wunderlich, 2011: 53, f. 146-147 (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa monteserra Wunderlich, 2015b: 447, f. 1-3 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047735]

Gnaphosa artaensis Wunderlich, 2017b: 314, f. 24-27 (Df, S of Gnaphosa monteserra)

Gnaphosa artaensis Lozano & Alameda-Martín, 2020: 174, f. 2 (f)

Gnaphosa artaensis Morano & González-Casarrubios, 2021: 111, f. 1A-B, 2A-B, 3A-C (mf)

Gnaphosa artaensis Wunderlich, 2023: 59, f. 128 (m)

Gnaphosa atramentaria Simon, 1878 | | France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027193

Gnaphosa atramentaria Simon, 1878a: 169 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa atramentaria Simon, 1914: 196, 202, 223, f. 424-426, 448 (mf)

Gnaphosa azerbaidzhanica Tuneva & Esyunin, 2003 | | Azerbaijan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039000

Gnaphosa azerbaidzhanica Tuneva & Esyunin, 2003b: 277, f. 1-2 (Df; m is reversed with G. tigrina per Zamani et al., 2021b: 283) Original description

Gnaphosa tigrina Tuneva & Esyunin, 2003b: 277, f. 3-4 (m only; reversed with G. azerbaidzhanica per Zamani et al., 2021b: 283)

Gnaphosa badia (L. Koch, 1866) | | Europe to Azerbaijan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027194

Pythonissa badia L. Koch, 1866: 22, pl. 1, f. 15 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa badia L. Koch, 1872b: 305 (Dm)

Gnaphosa plebeja Thorell, 1875a: 100 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:052349]

Gnaphosa plebeja Thorell, 1875c: 100 (Df)

Gnaphosa badia Kulczyński, 1898: 61, pl. 1, f. 13 (f)

Gnaphosa molesta O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898c: 489, f. 1-2 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055935]

Gnaphosa badia Lessert, 1910b: 76, f. 67-68 (mf)

Gnaphosa badia Simon, 1914: 194, 198, 224, f. 422, 436 (mf, S of Gnaphosa plebeja with "?")

Gnaphosa badia Reimoser, 1937a: 10, f. 10, 14 (mf)

Gnaphosa badia Roewer, 1955c: 361 (S of Gnaphosa plebeja confirmed)

Gnaphosa badia Buchar, 1962: 4, f. 1A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa badia Tystshenko, 1971: 92, f. 180 (m)

Gnaphosa badia Miller, 1971: 78, pl. LXI, f. 14-15 (mf)

Gnaphosa badia Izmailova, 1977: 70, f. 1 (f)

Gnaphosa badia Polenec, 1982: 65, f. 5 (m)

Gnaphosa badia Grimm, 1985: 49, f. 29-33 (mf)

Gnaphosa badia Izmailova, 1989: 101, f. 81 (f)

Gnaphosa badia Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 422, f. 1118 (mf)

Gnaphosa badia Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 66, f. 233-236 (mf)

Gnaphosa badia Lecigne, 2018b: 67, f. 6L (f)

Gnaphosa badia Hirna, 2019: 55, f. 2a-c (mf)

Gnaphosa badia Danflous, Crowther & Simmons, 2020: 8, f. 2, 3A-D (f, S of Gnaphosa molesta O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898, removed from S of G. alpica, contra Simon, 1914: 203)

Gnaphosa balearicola Strand, 1942 | | Spain (Balearic Is.) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027195

Gnaphosa spinosa Simon, 1914: 200 (Df; preoccupied)

Gnaphosa balearicola Strand, 1942: 395 (replacement name) Original description

Gnaphosa banini Marusik & Koponen, 2001 | | Russia (South Siberia), Mongolia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038057

Gnaphosa banini Marusik & Koponen, 2001b: 135, f. 1-3, 9-10 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa banini Fomichev & Marusik, 2011b: 119, f. 9-13 (mf)

Gnaphosa basilicata Simon, 1882 | | Italy urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027197

Gnaphosa basilicata Simon, 1882a: 37 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa belyaevi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Mongolia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027198

Gnaphosa belyaevi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 39, f. 137-138 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa betpaki Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027199

Gnaphosa betpaki Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 5, f. 11-14 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa betpaki Kovblyuk, 2005a: 134, f. 6-7 (f; probably misidentified, restricted to Kazakhstan per Esyunin & Tuneva, 2020: 111)

Gnaphosa bicolor (Hahn, 1833) | | Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to West Siberia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027200

Drassus bicolor Hahn, 1833a: 123, f. 94 (Df) Original description

Filistata femoralis Wider, 1834: 201, pl. 14, f. 5 (Dm)

Pythonissa fuliginea C. L. Koch, 1837b: 16 (D)

Pythonissa tricolor C. L. Koch, 1839a: 67, f. 479 (Df)

Drassus tricolor Walckenaer, 1841: 486

Pythonissa fuliginea C. L. Koch, 1843: 120, f. 834 (Df)

Pythonissa bicolor C. L. Koch, 1850: 28

Drassus femoralis Westring, 1851: 47

Pythonissa femoralis Westring, 1861: 352

Pythonissa tricolor L. Koch, 1866: 24, pl. 1, f. 16-18 (f, Dm)

Gnaphosa bicolor Thorell, 1871a: 191

Gnaphosa bicolor Menge, 1872: 301, pl. 54, f. 173 (mf)

Gnaphosa bicolor Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 184, pl. 7, f. 17 (mf)

Gnaphosa bicolor Bösenberg, 1902: 316, pl. 30, f. 468 (mf)

Gnaphosa bicolor Simon, 1914: 192, 198, 224, f. 413, 435 (mf)

Gnaphosa bicolor Reimoser, 1937a: 9, f. 8, 13 (mf)

Gnaphosa bicolor Palmgren, 1943: 86, f

Gnaphosa bicolor Tullgren, 1946: 83, f. 25, 26A, pl. 13, f. 166-169 (mf)

Gnaphosa bicolor Tystshenko, 1971: 92, f. 179 (m)

Gnaphosa bicolor Miller, 1971: 80, pl. VI, f. 1-2 (mf)

Gnaphosa bicolor Grimm, 1985: 52, f. 34-36 (mf)

Gnaphosa bicolor Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 420, f. 1107 (mf)

Gnaphosa bicolor Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 61, f. 217-220 (mf)

Gnaphosa bicolor Mcheidze, 1997: 112, f. 135 (m)

Gnaphosa bicolor Almquist, 2006: 396, f. 341a-f (mf)

Gnaphosa bithynica Kulczyński, 1903 | | Greece (Crete), Turkey, Lebanon, Israel, Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027201

Gnaphosa bithynica Kulczyński, 1903b: 641, pl. 1, f. 6-7, 9-10 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa rufula Levy, 1995: 977, f. 143-144 (f) [misidentified per Zamani et al., 2017c: 61]

Gnaphosa bithynica Chatzaki, Thaler & Mylonas, 2002a: 582, f. 39-42 (mf)

Gnaphosa bithynica Zamani et al., 2017c: 61, f. 2C (f)

Gnaphosa borea Kulczyński, 1908 | | Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East), North America urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027202

Gnaphosa borea Kulczyński, 1908b: 9, pl. 1, f. 6 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa mima Chamberlin, 1933a: 2, f. 3-4 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055934]

Gnaphosa subparvula Fox, 1938a: 230, pl. 2, f. 5 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055950]

Gnaphosa borea Holm, 1970: 206, f. 39 (f)

Gnaphosa mima Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 38, f. 87-93 (mf, S of Gnaphosa subparvula)

Gnaphosa orites Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 46, f. 109-110 (f, misidentified)

Gnaphosa borea Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988: 207, f. 7-11 (mf, S of Gnaphosa mima)

Gnaphosa borea Izmailova, 1989: 101, f. 82 (f)

Gnaphosa borea Platnick & Dondale, 1992: 181, f. 276-279 (mf)

Gnaphosa borea Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 57, f. 187-188, 195-198 (mf)

Gnaphosa borea Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1996: 115, pl. 1, f. 4, pl. 3, f. 5, 15 (mf)

Gnaphosa borea Marusik & Koponen, 2001b: 135, f. 8 (m)

Gnaphosa borea Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 76, f. 655-657 (mf)

Gnaphosa brumalis Thorell, 1875 | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027203

Gnaphosa brumalis Thorell, 1875d: 497 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa scudderi Thorell, 1877c: 491 (Df)

Gnaphosa brumalis Emerton, 1890: 175, pl. 4, f. 5 (f, Dm)

Gnaphosa brumalis Chamberlin, 1933a: 3, f. 1-2 (m)

Gnaphosa brumalis Kaston, 1948: 346, f. 1156-1157, 1185 (mf)

Gnaphosa brumalis Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 41, f. 94-100 (mf)

Gnaphosa brumalis Platnick & Dondale, 1992: 184, f. 280-283 (mf)

Gnaphosa brumalis Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 76, f. 658-660 (mf)

Gnaphosa californica Banks, 1904 | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027204

Gnaphosa californica Banks, 1904b: 335, pl. 38, f. 10 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa gosoga Chamberlin in Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1928: 178 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055923]

Cylphosa gosoga Chamberlin, 1933a: 2

Gnaphosa californica Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 57, f. 85-86, 135-138 (mf, S of Gnaphosa gosoga)

Gnaphosa californica Platnick & Dondale, 1992: 166, f. 248-251 (mf)

Gnaphosa californica Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 607, f. 12c, 20d, 21d, S1e, S7d, S10g (m)

Gnaphosa campanulata Zhang & Song, 2001 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039001

Gnaphosa campanulata Zhang & Song, 2001a: 78, f. 1A-D (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa campanulata Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 93, f. 50A-D (f)

Gnaphosa cantabrica Simon, 1914 | | Spain, France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027205

Gnaphosa cantabrica Simon, 1914: 197, 203, f. 454 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa caucasica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Russia (Caucasus) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027206

Gnaphosa caucasica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 26, f. 83-86 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa chiapas Platnick & Shadab, 1975 | | Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027207

Gnaphosa chiapas Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 32, f. 77-78 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa chihuahua Platnick & Shadab, 1975 | | Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027208

Gnaphosa chihuahua Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 28, f. 75-76 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa chola Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988 | | Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East), Mongolia, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027209

Gnaphosa chola Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988: 209, f. 18-19, 21, 23, 25 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa chola Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 58, f. 199-202 (mf)

Gnaphosa chola Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1996: 118, pl. 3, f. 2, 6, 10 (mf)

Gnaphosa chola Tang, Song & Zhang, 2001a: 16, f. 4-6 (f)

Gnaphosa chola Marusik & Koponen, 2001b: 138, f. 6-7 (m)

Gnaphosa chola Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 94, f. 51A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa clara (Keyserling, 1887) | | North America urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027210

Pythonissa clara Keyserling, 1887b: 429, pl. 6, f. 6 (Dm) Original description

Callilepis clara Petrunkevitch, 1911: 776

Gnaphosa mulaiki Chamberlin, 1936b: 6, f. 24 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055936]

Gnaphosa septentrionalis Fox, 1938a: 228, pl. 1, f. 2, 8 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055944]

Gnaphosa clara Ubick & Roth, 1973a: 3 (T from Pterotricha per Roewer)

Gnaphosa clara Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 12, f. 11-16 (mf, S of Gnaphosa mulaiki and G. septentrionalis)

Gnaphosa clara Platnick & Dondale, 1992: 168, f. 252-255 (mf)

Gnaphosa corticola Simon, 1914 | | France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027211

Gnaphosa corticola Simon, 1914: 199, 225, f. 438 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa cumensis Ponomarev, 1981 | | Ukraine, Russia (Europe), Kazakhstan, Mongolia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027212

Gnaphosa cumensis Ponomarev, 1981: 57, f. 3 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa cumensis Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 10, f. 9-10, 23-26 (f, Dm)

Gnaphosa cumensis Kovblyuk, 2005a: 139, f. 18-28 (mf)

Gnaphosa cumensis Ponomarev, Bragina & Shmatko, 2017: 5, f. 2-3 (m)

Gnaphosa cyrenaica (Caporiacco, 1949) | | Libya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027213

Pterotricha cyrenaica Caporiacco, 1949b: 118, f. 4 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa cyrenaica Levy, 1995: 945 (Tf from Pterotricha)

Gnaphosa danieli Miller & Buchar, 1972 | | Afghanistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027214

Gnaphosa danieli Miller & Buchar, 1972: 383, f. 1-7 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa dege Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, India, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027215

Gnaphosa dege Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 72, f. 259-260 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa dege Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 448, f. 261B (f)

Gnaphosa dege Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 95, f. 52A-B (f)

Gnaphosa dege Marusik et al., 2014b: 418, f. 9-11 (f)

Gnaphosa dentata Platnick & Shadab, 1975 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027216

Gnaphosa dentata Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 18, f. 35-40 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa deserta Ponomarev & Dvadnenko, 2011 | | Russia (Europe) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:044626

Gnaphosa deserta Ponomarev & Dvadnenko in Ponomarev et al., 2011: 126, f. 1a-b (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa dolanskyi Řezáč, Růžička, Oger & Řezáčová, 2018 | | South-eastern Europe, Ukraine, Russia (Europe), Turkey, Caucasus urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049905

Gnaphosa modestior Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 63, f. 213-214, 225-228 (f, Dm) [misidentified per Řezáč et al., 2018: 291]

Gnaphosa modestior Komnenov et al., 2016: 48, f. 123-127 (mf) [misidentified per Řezáč et al., 2018: 291]

Gnaphosa dolanskyi Řezáč et al., 2018a: 290, f. 1B,E,H, 2C,G (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa dolosa Herman, 1879 | | Poland, Southern to Eastern Europe, Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Caucasus, Russia (Europe) to Central Asia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027217

Gnaphosa dolosa Herman, 1879: 191, 362, pl. 7, f. 167 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa luctifica Simon, 1880j: 259 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027247]

Gnaphosa barroisi Simon, 1892b: 81 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055812]

Gnaphosa dolosa Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 186, pl. 7, f. 24 (f)

Gnaphosa adriatica Kulczyński in Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 186, pl. 7, f. 26 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055805]

Gnaphosa barroisi Kulczyński, 1908c: 53, pl. 2, f. 8 (Dm)

Gnaphosa spadicea Simon, 1914: 193, 223, f. 416 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055947]

Gnaphosa luctifica Simon, 1914: 199, 255, f. 441 (f)

Gnaphosa orchymonti Giltay, 1932: 31, f. 20-21 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027267]

Gnaphosa orchymonti Giltay, 1933: 7, pl. 4, f. 2-3 (mf)

Gnaphosa spadicea Soyer, 1964: 355, f. 1a-b (Df)

Gnaphosa aborigena Ponomarev, 1981: 55, f. 1 (m, misidentified)

Gnaphosa dolosa Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 9, f. 7-8, 19-22 (mf, S of Gnaphosa adriatica, G. barroisi and G. spadicea)

Gnaphosa barroisi Levy, 1995: 977, f. 139-142 (mf; N.B.: rejected S of this name with G. dolosa, but provided no illustrations of the latter to document that decision)

Gnaphosa dolosa Esyunin & Efimik, 1997: 107, f. 8-9 (f)

Gnaphosa dolosa Chatzaki, Thaler & Mylonas, 2002b: 611, f. 17-18 (f)

Gnaphosa dolosa Kovblyuk, 2005a: 151 (S, not accepted, see note under G. saurica)

Gnaphosa dolosa Bosmans, 2013: 182 (S of Gnaphosa orchymonti)

Gnaphosa dolosa Déjean, 2015c: 81, f. 4 (f, S of Gnaphosa luctifica)

Gnaphosa dolosa Gaymard & Lecigne, 2018: 12, f. 8G-J (mf)

Gnaphosa dolosa Al-Khazali & Hussein, 2019: 162, f. 1A-E, 2A-D (m)

Gnaphosa dolosa Dentici, 2019: 118, f. 5 (m)

Gnaphosa dolosa Iorio, 2023: 26, f. 10-11 (f)

Gnaphosa dolosa Gierlasiński, 2023: 2, f. 1 (f)

Gnaphosa dolosa Tolve et al., 2024: 34, f. 34-35 (m)

Gnaphosa donensis Ponomarev, 2015 | | Russia (Europe) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048469

Gnaphosa donensis Ponomarev, 2015: 259, f. 1-4 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa eskovi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027218

Gnaphosa eskovi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 83, f. 291-292 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa esyunini Marusik, Fomichev & Omelko, 2014 | | Mongolia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047305

Gnaphosa esyunini Marusik, Fomichev & Omelko, 2014b: 4, f. 7-16 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa eucalyptus Ghafoor & Beg, 2002 | | Pakistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040606

Gnaphosa eucalyptus Ghafoor & Beg, 2002b: 528, f. 1A-D (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa fagei Schenkel, 1963 | | Kazakhstan, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027220

Gnaphosa fagei Schenkel, 1963: 82, f. 46 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa fagei Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 12, f. 33-34, 37-40 (f, Dm)

Gnaphosa fagei Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 448, f. 260O, 261C (mf)

Gnaphosa fagei Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 96, f. 53A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa fallax Herman, 1879 | | Hungary urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027221

Gnaphosa fallax Herman, 1879: 196, 364, pl. 8, f. 173 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa fontinalis Keyserling, 1887 | | USA, Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027222

Gnaphosa fontinalis Keyserling, 1887b: 426, pl. 6, f. 4 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa americana Banks, 1896e: 61 (Df)

Gnaphosa distincta Banks, 1898b: 222, pl. 13, f. 13 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055918]

Gnaphosa texana Chamberlin, 1922: 157 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055955]

Gnaphosa fontinalis Kaston, 1938c: 180, pl. 8, f. 15-17 (f, Dm)

Gnaphosa fontinalis Kaston, 1948: 345, f. 1178-1180 (mf)

Gnaphosa fontinalis Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 54, f. 127-134, 150 (mf, S of Gnaphosa distincta and G. texana)

Gnaphosa fontinalis Heiss & Allen, 1986: 13, f. 23-24 (mf)

Gnaphosa fontinalis Platnick & Dondale, 1992: 163, f. 244-247 (mf)

Gnaphosa funerea (Dalmas, 1921) | | St. Helena urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027775

Gnaphosa lugubris O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873e: 212, pl. 24, f. 2 (Dm; preoccupied by C. L. Koch, 1839, see Gnaphosa lugubris)

Gnaphosa funerea Dalmas, 1921: 326 (replacement name) Original description

Pterochroa funerea Benoit, 1977c: 52, f. 18a-f (m, Df, T from Gnaphosa; see also Grimm, 1985: 206, 288 and Thaler & Knoflach, 2004b: 462: m f. 18b-c is misidentified and belongs to Gnaphosa lugubris)

Zelotes lugubris Grimm, 1985: 206, f. 251 (m; here per Grimm, 1985: 288 and Thaler & Knoflach, 2004b : 462)

Gnaphosa gracilior Kulczyński, 1901 | | Russia (Middle and South Siberia to Far East), Mongolia, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027223

Gnaphosa gracilior Kulczyński, 1901b: 325, pl. 12, f. 2 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa proxima Kulczyński, 1908b: 9, pl. 1, f. 5 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055939]

Gnaphosa pseudomongolica Schenkel, 1963: 79, f. 44 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055940]

Gnaphosa proxima Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988: 208, f. 15 (f)

Gnaphosa proxima Izmailova, 1989: 104, f. 86 (f)

Gnaphosa tarimuensis Hu, 1989: 98, f. 1-2 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055954]

Gnaphosa tarimuensis Hu & Wu, 1989: 272, f. 221.1-2 (f)

Gnaphosa gracilior Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 49, f. 169-170, 173-176 (f, Dm, S of Gnaphosa proxima, G. pseudomongolica and G. tarimuensis; N.B.: f. 170 and 175 may be misidentified, per Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 29)

Gnaphosa potanini Marusik & Logunov, 1995b: 186, f. 37 (f, misidentified)

Gnaphosa gracilior Marusik & Logunov, 1995b: 188, f. 40-46 (mf)

Gnaphosa proxima Marusik & Logunov, 1995b: 189, f. 47-50 (mf)

Gnaphosa proxima Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1996: 117, pl. 3, f. 16 (f)

Gnaphosa gracilior Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 448, f. 260P, 261D (mf)

Gnaphosa tarimuensis Hu, 2001: 253, f. 142.1-2 (mf)

Gnaphosa gracilior Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 97, f. 54A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa gracilior Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 29, f. 79-89, 90 (mf)

Gnaphosa haarlovi Denis, 1958 | | Russia (Caucasus), Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027224

Gnaphosa haarlovi Denis, 1958b: 94, f. 17-20 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa ajdahania Roewer, 1961c: 5, f. 4-5, 60 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055808]

Gnaphosa haarlovi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 16, f. 45-48 (mf, S of Gnaphosa ajdahania)

Gnaphosa haarlovi Ponomarev & Shmatko, 2020b: 304, f. 21 (m)

Gnaphosa halophila Esyunin & Efimik, 1997 | | Russia (Urals) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027225

Gnaphosa halophila Esyunin & Efimik, 1997: 105, f. 1-2 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa hastata Fox, 1937 | | China, Korea urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027226

Gnaphosa hastata Fox, 1937a: 247, f. 1 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa hortula Roewer, 1955c: 363 (nomen nudum, apparently an erroneous second listing of G. hastata) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054734]

Gnaphosa koreae Paik, 1989: 9, f. 30-41 (mf, misidentified)

Gnaphosa baotianmanensis Hu, Wang & Wang, 1991: 45, f. 22-23 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027196]

Gnaphosa hastata Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 73, f. 263-266 (mf)

Gnaphosa hastata Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 449, f. 260Q, 261E (mf)

Gnaphosa hastata Namkung, 2002: 473, f. 37.14a-b (mf)

Gnaphosa hastata Namkung, 2003: 476, f. 37.14a-b (mf)

Gnaphosa hastata Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 99, f. 55A-D (mf, S of Gnaphosa baotianmanensis)

Gnaphosa hastata Jung et al., 2005: 177, f. 59, 117 (mf)

Gnaphosa hastata Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 390, f. 278A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa hastata Yin et al., 2012: 1167, f. 621a-g (mf)

Gnaphosa hastata Kim & Lee, 2013: 102, f. 69A-E (mf)

Gnaphosa hirsutipes Banks, 1901 | | USA, Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027227

Gnaphosa hirsutipes Banks, 1901b: 573, pl. 33, f. 4 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa hirsutipes Fox, 1938a: 228, pl. 1, f. 9 (Dm)

Gnaphosa hirsutipes Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 13, f. 17-22 (mf)

Gnaphosa iberica Simon, 1878 | | Spain urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027228

Gnaphosa iberica Simon, 1878a: 176 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa iberica Simon, 1914: 194, 201, 224, f. 418-420, 444 (mf)

Gnaphosa lapponum Emerit & Ledoux, 2004a: 17, f. 4A-D (mf, proposed S of G. iberica under this name, without examination of type material)

Gnaphosa ilika Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027229

Gnaphosa ilika Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 82, f. 287-288, 297-300 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa ilika Marusik & Koponen, 2001b: 139, f. 11-13 (m)

Gnaphosa inconspecta Simon, 1878 | | Western and Central Europe, Italy, Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East), Mongolia, China, Korea urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027230

Gnaphosa inconspecta Simon, 1878a: 187 (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa inconspecta Simon, 1914: 196, 202, 225, f. 427-428, 447 (m, Df)

Gnaphosa sp. Grimm, 1985: 83, f. 47a-b (m, per Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 30)

Gnaphosa inconspecta Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 30, f. 99-102 (mf)

Gnaphosa inconspecta Marusik & Logunov, 1995b: 188, f. 63-64 (f)

Gnaphosa inconspecta Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 449, f. 260R, 261F (mf)

Gnaphosa inconspecta Breuss, 2001: 187, f. 10-13 (mf)

Gnaphosa inconspecta Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 100, f. 56A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa inconspecta Seo, 2017c: 193, f. 3A-F (f)

Gnaphosa inconspecta Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 227, f. 166A-G (mf)

Gnaphosa jodhpurensis Tikader & Gajbe, 1977 | | India, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027231

Gnaphosa jodhpurensis Tikader & Gajbe, 1977b: 45, f. 2A-E (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa jodhpurensis Tikader, 1982b: 338, f. 99-104 (f)

Gnaphosa jodhpurensis Hu & Li, 1987a: 359, f. 29.1-3 (f)

Gnaphosa jodhpurensis Hu, 2001: 248, f. 138.3 (f)

Gnaphosa jodhpurensis Gajbe, 2005d: 116, f. 1-2 (Dm)

Gnaphosa jodhpurensis Gajbe, 2007: 458, f. 77-83 (mf)

Gnaphosa jucunda Thorell, 1875 | | Ukraine, Russia (Europe, Caucasus) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027232

Gnaphosa jucunda Thorell, 1875a: 85 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa jucunda Thorell, 1875c: 104 (Df)

Pythonissa jucunda Simon, 1878a: 205

Pterotricha jucunda Roewer, 1955c: 375

Gnaphosa jucunda Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 19, f. 55-56 (Tf from Pterotricha)

Gnaphosa jucunda Ponomarev & Kovblyuk, 2009a: 8, f. 19-22 (f, Dm)

Gnaphosa kailana Tikader, 1966 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027233

Gnaphosa kailana Tikader, 1966e: 438, f. 1a-d (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa kailana Tikader, 1982b: 330, f. 79-82

Gnaphosa kamurai Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Korea, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027234

Gnaphosa alberti Kamura, 1988: 7, f. 14-19 (f, Dm, misidentified)

Gnaphosa kamurai Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 33, f. 115-118 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa kamurai Kamura, 2009: 488, f. 57-60 (mf)

Gnaphosa kamurai Yoo, Lee & Kim, 2015: 66, f. 2A-E (f)

Gnaphosa kamurai Baba & Fujimoto, 2018: 20, 2 f. (f)

Gnaphosa kansuensis Schenkel, 1936 | | Russia (Far East), China, Korea urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027235

Gnaphosa kansuensis Schenkel, 1936b: 26, f. 6 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa alberti Schenkel, 1963: 86, f. 49 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055809]

Gnaphosa falculata Schenkel, 1963: 92, f. 53a-c (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055920]

Gnaphosa roeweri Schenkel, 1963: 94, f. 54a-c (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055941]

Gnaphosa roeweri Tu & Zhu, 1986: 91, f. 16-19 (m, Df)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Zhang, 1987: 177, f. 149.1-4 (mf, misidentified)

Gnaphosa alberti Paik, 1989: 6, f. 14-18 (f)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Paik, 1989: 4, f. 2-4 (mf, misidentified)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Chen & Gao, 1990: 144, f. 182a-b (mf, misidentified)

Gnaphosa kansuensis Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 34, f. 119-124 (mf, S of Gnaphosa alberti, G. falculata and G. roeweri)

Gnaphosa kansuensis Tang & Song, 1992a: 248, f. 1-4 (f, Dm)

Gnaphosa kansuensis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 449, f. 261H, J (mf)

Gnaphosa kansuensis Namkung, 2002: 475, f. 37.16a-c (mf)

Gnaphosa kansuensis Namkung, 2003: 478, f. 37.16a-c (mf)

Gnaphosa kansuensis Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 102, f. 57A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa kansuensis Jung et al., 2005: 178, f. 60, 85, 118 (mf)

Gnaphosa kansuensis Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 391, f. 279A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa kansuensis Kim & Lee, 2013: 103, f. 70A-C, pl. 29 (mf)

Gnaphosa kansuensis Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 21, f. 46-48 (f)

Gnaphosa kansuensis Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 227, f. 167A-G (mf)

Gnaphosa ketmer Tuneva, 2004 | | Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040607

Gnaphosa ketmer Tuneva, 2004: 320, f. 4-5 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa khovdensis Marusik, Fomichev & Omelko, 2014 | | Mongolia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047304

Gnaphosa khovdensis Marusik, Fomichev & Omelko, 2014b: 2, f. 1-6 (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa kompirensis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 | | Russia (Far East), Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan, Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027236

Drassus adspersus Grube, 1861: 170 (Dmf; suppressed for lack of usage, see ICZN article 23.9 and Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 37) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055806]

Gnaphosa kompirensis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 123, pl. 16, f. 481 (Df; N.B.: specific name was also spelled compirensis in original description, but kompirensis was selected by Kamura, 1988: 4, because it correctly refers to the type locality) Original description

Gnaphosa aannamita Simon, 1909e: 78 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055810]

Pterotricha adspersa Reimoser, 1919: 199

Gnaphosa suchuana Chamberlin, 1924a: 4, pl. 1, f. 1 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055951]

Gnaphosa compirensis Saito, 1939: 5, f. 2(1) (f)

Gnaphosa compirensis Saito, 1959: 120, f. 150a-e (f)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Yaginuma, 1960: 122, f. 100.3 (f)

Gnaphosa davidi Schenkel, 1963: 87, f. 50 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055916]

Gnaphosa kompirensis Yaginuma, 1971: 122, f. 100.3 (f)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Paik, 1978e: 419, f. 189.1-4 (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Hu, 1984: 279, f. 294.1-4 (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Guo, 1985: 142, f. 2-76.1-4 (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Yaginuma, 1986a: 187, f. 104.1 (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Kamura, 1988: 4, f. 1-4, 7-13 (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Paik, 1989: 4, f. 1, 5-13 (mf, not f. 2-4)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Chikuni, 1989b: 119, f. 9 (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 35, f. 125-126, 129-132 (mf, S of Gnaphosa annamita, G. davidi, G. suchuana and Pterotricha adspersa, P. adspersa removed from S of Gnaphosa muscorum, rejecting Wesołowska, 1988b: 411)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 449, f. 261H, J (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Namkung, 2002: 474, f. 37.15a-b (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Namkung, 2003: 477, f. 37.15a-b (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 103, f. 58A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Jung et al., 2005: 179, f. 17-18, 61, 86, 119-120 (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Kamura, 2009: 488, f. 49-52 (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 392, f. 280A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Yin et al., 2012: 1169, f. 622a-g (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Kim & Lee, 2013: 104, f. 71A-C, pl. 30 (mf)

Gnaphosa kompirensis Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 227, f. 168A-G (mf)

Gnaphosa koponeni Marusik & Omelko, 2014 | | Russia (South Siberia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047306

Gnaphosa koponeni Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 11, f. 1-9 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa kuldzha Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027237

Gnaphosa kuldzha Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 15, f. 35-36, 41-44 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa kurchak Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Kyrgyzstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027238

Gnaphosa kurchak Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 40, f. 139-140 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa lapponum (L. Koch, 1866) | | Europe, Russia (Europe to West Siberia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027239

Pythonissa lapponum L. Koch, 1866: 33, pl. 2, f. 22-25 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa lapponum Thorell, 1871a: 193

Gnaphosa islandica Sørensen, 1898: 222 (Dmf)

Gnaphosa lapponum inermis Strand, 1899: 49 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027240]

Gnaphosa pseudolapponica Strand, 1904a: 6 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027282]

Gnaphosa islandica Lessert, 1913: 27, f. 1-3 (m)

Gnaphosa lapponum Schenkel, 1928: 18, f. 1 (mf)

Gnaphosa lapponum Palmgren, 1943: 87, f

Gnaphosa lapponum Tullgren, 1946: 82, f. 24B, pl. 13, f. 162-164 (mf)

Gnaphosa islandica Brændegaard, 1946: 54, f. 33-34 (mf)

Gnaphosa lapponum Brændegaard, 1958: 6, f. 2 (f)

Gnaphosa lapponum Grimm, 1985: 55, f. 51, 68-69 (mf)

Gnaphosa lapponum Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 424, f. 1121 (mf)

Gnaphosa lapponum Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 27, f. 87-90 (mf)

Gnaphosa lapponum Agnarsson, 1996: 33, f. 12A-B (mf)

Gnaphosa lapponum Pesarini, 2000: 383, f. 14 (m)

Gnaphosa lapponum Emerit & Ledoux, 2004a: 17, f. 4A-D (mf, see note under G. iberica)

Gnaphosa lapponum Almquist, 2006: 397, f. 342a-e (mf)

Gnaphosa lapponum Aakra, 2009: 18 (S of Gnaphosa pseudolapponica)

Gnaphosa lapponum Marusik, 2015: 674, f. 9B (f)

Gnaphosa lapponum Wiśniewski & Wesołowska, 2017: 118, f. 12 (m)

Gnaphosa lapponum Lecigne, 2018a: 51, pl. 5F-M (mf)

Gnaphosa lapponum Nentwig et al., 2019: 39 (S of Gnaphosa lapponum inermis)

Gnaphosa leporina (L. Koch, 1866) | | Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Iran, Central Asia, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027241

Drassus lucifugus Blackwall, 1861a: 105, pl. 6, f. 62 (mf, in part)

Pythonissa leporina L. Koch, 1866: 27, pl. 2, f. 19 (Df) Original description

Pythonissa helvetica L. Koch, 1866: 29, pl. 2, f. 20 (Df)

Drassus anglicus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871a: 410, pl. 54, f. 12 (Dmf)

Gnaphosa leporina Thorell, 1871a: 193

Gnaphosa leporina Thorell, 1875c: 101

Gnaphosa borealis Thorell, 1875c: 102 (Dj)

Gnaphosa helvetica Simon, 1878a: 184

Gnaphosa anglica Simon, 1878a: 188

Gnaphosa leporina Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 186, pl. 7, f. 22 (f)

Gnaphosa anglica aculeata Strand, 1900c: 38 (D)

Gnaphosa leporina Lessert, 1910b: 81, f. 73-75 (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Simon, 1914: 197, 203, 225, f. 431, 453 (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Palmgren, 1943: 87, f

Gnaphosa (Oreognaphosa) leporina Lohmander, 1944: 11 (new subgenus)

Gnaphosa leporina Tullgren, 1946: 86, f. 27A, pl. 14, f. 173-175 (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Locket & Millidge, 1953: 118, f. 60C-D, 61C (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Brændegaard, 1966: 135, f. 115-116 (f)

Gnaphosa leporina Azheganova, 1968: 97, f. 229, 238 (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Tystshenko, 1971: 94, f. 184, 189 (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Grimm, 1985: 57, f. 40, 56-57, 75 (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Roberts, 1985: 76, f. 28c (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Zhou & Song, 1985b: 271, f. 2a-d (f)

Gnaphosa leporina Hu & Wu, 1989: 268, f. 217.1-4 (f)

Gnaphosa leporina Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 420, f. 1109 (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 66, f. 237-242 (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Noordam, 1992: 1, 2, 14 (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Roberts, 1995: 117, f. (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Roberts, 1998: 123, f. (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 449, f. 261K, 262A (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 105, f. 59A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa leporina Almquist, 2006: 398, f. 343a-h (mf)

Gnaphosa licenti Schenkel, 1953 | | Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, China, Korea urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027242

Gnaphosa sinensis Simon, 1880b: 121, pl. 3, f. 22-23 (m, misidentified)

Gnaphosa licenti Schenkel, 1953b: 21, f. 11 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa denisi Schenkel, 1963: 64, f. 34a-c (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055917]

Gnaphosa acuaria Schenkel, 1963: 66, f. 35a-b (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055804]

Gnaphosa aeditua Schenkel, 1963: 67, f. 36 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055807]

Gnaphosa acuaria Mao & Zhu, 1983: 161, f. 3a-c (Df)

Gnaphosa denisi Hu, 1984: 279, f. 293.1-2 (mf)

Gnaphosa denisi Zhu & Shi, 1985: 150, f. 133a-c (f)

Gnaphosa denisi Song, 1987: 338, f. 293 (mf, S of Gnaphosa acuaria and G. aeditua)

Gnaphosa acuaria Zhang, 1987: 176, f. 148.1-3 (mf)

Gnaphosa denisi Hu & Li, 1987b: 301, f. 31.1-4 (mf)

Gnaphosa montana Hu & Wu, 1989: 269, f. 219.1-4 (mf, misidentified)

Gnaphosa taegensis Paik, 1989: 11, f. 42-51 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055953]

Gnaphosa denisi Chen & Gao, 1990: 144, f. 181a-b (mf)

Gnaphosa licenti Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 53, f. 181-186 (mf, S of Gnaphosa denisi and G. taegensis)

Gnaphosa denisi Zhao, 1993: 122, f. 56a-b (mf)

Gnaphosa montana Zhao, 1993: 124, f. 58a-b (mf; misidentified, per Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 20)

Gnaphosa denisi Zhao, 1995: 839, f. 392a-b (mf)

Gnaphosa montana Zhao, 1995: 841, f. 394a-b (mf; misidentified per Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 20)

Gnaphosa denisi Marusik & Logunov, 1995b: 187, f. 81-82 (m)

Gnaphosa licenti Esyunin & Efimik, 1997: 107, f. 3-4 (mf)

Gnaphosa licenti Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 449, f. 261L, 262B (mf)

Gnaphosa denisi Hu, 2001: 246, f. 137.1-4 (mf)

Gnaphosa licenti Song, Zhu & Chen, 2001: 343, f. 221A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa licenti Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 106, f. 60A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa licenti Jung et al., 2005: 179, f. 19, 121-122 (m)

Gnaphosa licenti Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 393, f. 281A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa licenti Yin et al., 2012: 1170, f. 623a-f (mf)

Gnaphosa licenti Kim & Lee, 2013: 106, f. 72A-B (m)

Gnaphosa licenti Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 231, f. 169A-G (mf)

Gnaphosa limbata Strand, 1900 | j | Norway urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027243

Gnaphosa limbata Strand, 1900c: 45 (Dj) Original description

Gnaphosa lonai Caporiacco, 1949 | | Italy (Sicily) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027244

Gnaphosa lonai Caporiacco, 1949d: 128, unnumbered fig. (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa lucifuga (Walckenaer, 1802) | | Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Iran, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan, Pakistan, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027245

Aranea lucifuga Walckenaer, 1802: 221 (D) Original description

Drassus lucifugus Walckenaer, 1830: 155, pl. 2, f. 1 (Dmf)

Aranea melanogaster Latreille, 1804a: 222 (D)

Drassus melanogaster Hahn, 1833a: 11, f. 102 (Df)

Drassus lucifugus Walckenaer, 1805: 45

Pythonissa fusca C. L. Koch, 1837b: 16

Drassus melanogaster Latreille, 1806: 87, pl. 3, f. 10 (D)

Pythonissa nigra C. L. Koch, 1837b: 16 (D)

Drassus fuscus Latreille, 1806: 87 (D)

Pythonissa lucifuga C. L. Koch, 1839a: 54, f. 468-470 (mf)

Pythonissa fusca C. L. Koch, 1839a: 56, f. 471 (Df)

Pythonissa occulta C. L. Koch, 1839a: 58, f. 472 (Df)

Drassus lucifuga Blackwall, 1861a: 105, pl. 6, f. 62 (mf, in part)

Pythonissa lucifuga L. Koch, 1866: 10, pl. 1, f. 5-8 (mf)

Pythonissa femoralis L. Koch, 1866: 36, pl. 2, f. 26 (Df)

Thysa pythonissaeformis Kempelen, 1867: 607, pl. 14, f. 1-6 (Df)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Thorell, 1868a: 379

Gnaphosa lucifuga Thorell, 1871a: 187

Gnaphosa lucifuga Simon, 1893a: 383, f. 336-338

Gnaphosa lucifuga Becker, 1896: 263, pl. 17, f. 24 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 186, pl. 7, f. 27 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Bösenberg, 1902: 315, pl. 29, f. 465 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Lessert, 1910b: 73, f. 61-62 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Simon, 1914: 193, 199, 223, f. 414-415, 439 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Spassky, 1925: 32, f. 8 (m)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Reimoser, 1931b: 41, f. 4 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Denis, 1936: 114, f. 7 (f)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Reimoser, 1937a: 8, f. 9, 15 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Tullgren, 1946: 78, f. 23A-B, pl. 12, f. 154-156 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Tystshenko, 1971: 92, f. 181 (m)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Miller, 1971: 77, pl. V, f. 20, pl. VI, f. 10 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 11, f. 7, 9 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Grimm, 1985: 60, f. 43, 60-61 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Karol, 1987: 27, f. 1-2 (f)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Hu & Wu, 1989: 268, f. 218.1-4 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 422, f. 1113 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 5, f. 1-6 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Noordam, 1992: 3, 14 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Zhao, 1993: 123, f. 57a-b (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Zhao, 1995: 840, f. 393a-b (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Mcheidze, 1997: 111, f. 137, 144 (m)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Roberts, 1998: 122, f. (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 450, f. 261M, 252C (mf)

Gnaphosa betpaki Tuneva & Esyunin, 2003a: 230, f. 26 (m; misidentified per Esyunin & Tuneva, 2020: 111)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 108, f. 61A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Kovblyuk, 2005a: 134, f. 1-5 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Almquist, 2006: 399, f. 344a-e (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Murphy, 2007: 32, f. 110-111 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Hosseini et al., 2014: 438, f. 2-4 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Esyunin & Tuneva, 2020: 111, f. 23-31 (mf)

Gnaphosa lucifuga minor Nosek, 1905 | | Turkey urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027246

Gnaphosa lucifuga minor Nosek, 1905b: 128 (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa lugubris (C. L. Koch, 1839) | | Europe to Central Asia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027248

Pythonissa lugubris C. L. Koch, 1839a: 60, f. 473 (Df) Original description

Drassus hellenicus Walckenaer, 1841: 485 (D)

Pythonissa lugubris L. Koch, 1866: 8, pl. 1, f. 4 (f)

Gnaphosa lugubris Simon, 1878a: 174 (Dm)

Gnaphosa soror Herman, 1879: 190, 362, pl. 7, f. 169 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055946]

Gnaphosa pittierii Gétaz, 1889: 63 (Df)

Gnaphosa lugubris Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 187, pl. 7, f. 23 (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Bösenberg, 1902: 315, pl. 30, f. 466 (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Simon, 1914: 197, 200, 223, f. 434, 443 (mf)

Gnaphosa krogerusi Schenkel, 1934: 102, f. 6 (Dm)

Gnaphosa lugubris Reimoser, 1937a: 9, f. 12, 18 (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Locket & Millidge, 1951: 117, f. 60A, G, 61A (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Locket & Millidge, 1957: 486, f. 5A (m)

Gnaphosa lugubris Tystshenko, 1971: 92, f. 182, 191 (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Miller, 1971: 78, pl. VI, f. 11-12 (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Locket, Millidge & Merrett, 1974: 10, f. 4C (m)

Gnaphosa lugubris Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 33, f. 8, 10 (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Grimm, 1985: 64, f. 49, 62-63 (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Roberts, 1985: 76, f. 28a (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 422, f. 1119 (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 20, f. 57-62 (mf, S of Gnaphosa soror)

Gnaphosa lugubris Noordam, 1992: 14 (f)

Gnaphosa lugubris Roberts, 1995: 115, f. (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Mcheidze, 1997: 110, f. 138, 142-143 (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Felton, 1997: 311, f. 4 (m)

Gnaphosa lugubris Roberts, 1998: 121, f. (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Lecigne, 2018a: 48, f. 1H-J, 2H-L (mf)

Gnaphosa lugubris Lecigne, 2018b: 67, f. 7A (f)

Gnaphosa lugubris Zamani et al., 2024: 297, f. 7A-B (f)

Gnaphosa mandschurica Schenkel, 1963 | | Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Nepal urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027249

Gnaphosa mandschurica Schenkel, 1963: 71, f. 38 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa glandifera Schenkel, 1963: 72, f. 39 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055922]

Gnaphosa holmi Schenkel, 1963: 73, f. 40 (Df; N.B.: preoccupied by Lohmander, 1942 and Tullgren, 1942) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055925]

Gnaphosa charitonowi Schenkel, 1963: 75, f. 41 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055818]

Gnaphosa braendegaardi Schenkel, 1963: 76, f. 42a-c (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055816]

Gnaphosa berlandi Schenkel, 1963: 83, f. 47 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055813]

Gnaphosa charitonowi Song, Yu & Shang, 1981: 88, f. 18 (f)

Gnaphosa charitonowi Hu, 1984: 278, f. 292.2 (f)

Gnaphosa charitonowi Song, 1987: 338, f. 292 (f)

Gnaphosa mandschurica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 45, f. 151-152, 155-158 (mf, S of Gnaphosa berlandi, G. braendegaardi, G. charitonowi, G. glandifera and G. holmi Schenkel)

Gnaphosa glandifera Marusik & Logunov, 1995b: 187, f. 38-39 (f)

Gnaphosa mandschurica Marusik & Logunov, 1995b: 187, f. 53-54 (m)

Gnaphosa mandschurica Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 450, f. 261N, 262D (mf)

Gnaphosa charitonowi Hu, 2001: 248, f. 138.1-2 (f)

Gnaphosa mandschurica Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 110, f. 62A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa mandschurica Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 30, f. 92-94 (m)

Gnaphosa maritima Platnick & Shadab, 1975 | | USA, Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027250

Gnaphosa maritima Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 15, f. 23-28 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa mataica Fomichev, 2019 | | Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051545

Gnaphosa mataica Fomichev, 2019: 572, f. 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa mcheidzeae Mikhailov, 1998 | | Georgia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027251

Gnaphosa caucasica Mcheidze, 1997: 109, f. 140-141 (Df; preoccupied by Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992, see Gnaphosa caucasica) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055858]

Gnaphosa mcheidzeae Mikhailov, 1998b: 25 (replacement name) Original description

Gnaphosa microps Holm, 1939 | | North America, Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to Far East) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027252

Gnaphosa bilineata L. Koch, 1879c: 86, pl. 3, f. 5 (Df; N.B.: suppressed for lack of use) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055814]

Gnaphosa bilineata Kulczyński, 1916: 3, pl. 1, f. 2 (f)

Gnaphosa microps Holm, 1939b: 9, f. 4 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa microps Palmgren, 1943: 88, f

Gnaphosa microps Holm, 1945b: 64, f. 21 (Dm)

Gnaphosa microps Tullgren, 1946: 90, pl. 15, f. 182-184 (mf)

Gnaphosa microps Miller, 1971: 78, pl. LXI, f. 12-13 (mf)

Gnaphosa microps Holm, 1973: 103 (S of Gnaphosa bilineata)

Gnaphosa microps Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 44, f. 101-106 (mf)

Gnaphosa microps Thaler, 1982c: 406, f. 8-9 (mf)

Gnaphosa microps Grimm, 1985: 70, f. 41, 79-80 (mf)

Gnaphosa microps Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988: 205, f. 1-3 (mf)

Gnaphosa microps Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 422, f. 1111 (mf)

Gnaphosa microps Platnick & Dondale, 1992: 179, f. 272-275 (mf)

Gnaphosa microps Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 59, f. 189-190, 203-206 (mf)

Gnaphosa microps Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1996: 115, pl. 3, f. 4, 12 (mf)

Gnaphosa microps Stankiewicz, 1996: 212, f. 1-4 (mf)

Gnaphosa microps Marusik & Koponen, 2001b: 140, f. 5 (m)

Gnaphosa microps Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 77, f. 661-663 (mf)

Gnaphosa microps Almquist, 2006: 400, f. 345a-e (mf)

Gnaphosa modestior Kulczyński, 1897 | | Italy, Austria, Czechia to Romania, Greece urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027253

Gnaphosa laeta Kulczyński in Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 185, pl. 7, f. 19 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055931]

Gnaphosa modestior Kulczyński in Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 184, pl. 7, f. 18 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa modestior Grimm, 1985: 72, f. 37-38 (mf)

Gnaphosa modestior Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 420, f. 1108 (mf)

Gnaphosa alpica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 61, f. 221-222 (m, misidentified per Řezáč et al., 2018: 291)

Gnaphosa modestior Řezáč et al., 2018a: 291, f. 1C,F,I, 2D,H, 3 (mf, S of Gnaphosa laeta, contra Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 63, who stated S with G. alpica)

Gnaphosa modestior Szmatona-Túri et al., 2019: 137, f. 2a-d (mf)

Gnaphosa moerens O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885 | | China, Nepal, India? urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027254

Gnaphosa moerens O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885b: 17, pl. 2, f. 13 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa moerens Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 75, f. 271-274 (Tmf from Pterotricha per Roewer)

Gnaphosa moerens Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 450, f. 261O, 262E (mf)

Gnaphosa moerens Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 111, f. 63A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa moesta Thorell, 1875 | | Hungary, Romania, Ukraine, Russia (Europe)? urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027255

Gnaphosa moesta Thorell, 1875b: 84 (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa moesta Thorell, 1875c: 99 (Dm)

Gnaphosa suspecta Herman, 1879: 194, 363, pl. 7, f. 168 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055952]

Gnaphosa suspecta Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 189, pl. 7, f. 21 (f)

Gnaphosa moesta Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 31, f. 107-110 (mf, S of Gnaphosa suspecta; N.B.: f misidentified per Kovblyuk, 2005a: 148)

Gnaphosa moesta Tuneva & Esyunin, 2003a: 230, f. 20-21 (f)

Gnaphosa moesta Kovblyuk, 2005a: 145, f. 47-51 (mf)

Gnaphosa mongolica Simon, 1895 | | Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Romania, Ukraine, Turkey, Russia (Europe) to China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027256

Gnaphosa mongolica Simon, 1895c: 334 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa spinosa Kulczyński in Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 187, pl. 7, f. 16 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055948]

Gnaphosa punctata Kulczyński, 1901b: 323, pl. 12, f. 1 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027284]

Gnaphosa auriceps Schenkel, 1953b: 19, f. 10a-c (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055811]

Gnaphosa chaffanjoni Schenkel, 1963: 69, f. 37a-c (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055817]

Gnaphosa corifera Schenkel, 1963: 77, f. 43 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055819]

Gnaphosa spinosa Loksa, 1965: 23, f. 34-35 (f, S of Gnaphosa punctata)

Gnaphosa chaffanjoni Ponomarev, 1981: 56, f. 2 (Df)

Gnaphosa spinosa Weiss & Marcu, 1988: 113, f. 1-4 (mf)

Gnaphosa chaffanjoni Izmailova, 1989: 102, f. 83 (f)

Gnaphosa denisi Hu & Wu, 1989: 266, f. 216.1-2 (f, misidentified)

Gnaphosa mongolica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 46, f. 153-154, 159-162 (mf, S of Gnaphosa auriceps, G. chaffanjoni, G. corifera and G. spinosa)

Gnaphosa mongolica Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 450, f. 261P, 262F (mf)

Gnaphosa mongolica Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 112, f. 64A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa mongolica Szita et al., 2006: 331, f. 2a-d (mf)

Gnaphosa mongolics Zhang & Wang, 2017: 281, 5 f. (mf) [lapsus]

Gnaphosa mongolica Grbić, Hänggi & Krnjajić, 2021: 25, f. 5A-E (mf)

Gnaphosa mongolica Šestáková et al., 2022: 16, f. 2a-b, 3, 4a-c (mf)

Gnaphosa montana (L. Koch, 1866) | | Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027257

Pythonissa montana L. Koch, 1866: 18, pl. 1, f. 11 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa montana Thorell, 1871a: 188 (Dm)

Gnaphosa montana Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 187, pl. 7, f. 25 (f)

Gnaphosa montana Bösenberg, 1902: 316, pl. 30, f. 467 (f)

Gnaphosa montana Simon, 1914: 199, 223, f. 440 (f)

Gnaphosa montana Kulczyński, 1915: 916, pl. 66, f. 22-24 (f)

Gnaphosa lucifuga Charitonov, 1926a: 259, f. 1 (f, misidentified)

Gnaphosa montana Reimoser, 1937a: 8, f. 16 (Dm)

Gnaphosa montana Tullgren, 1942: 218, pl. 1, f. 1 (m)

Gnaphosa montana Palmgren, 1943: 85, f

Gnaphosa montana Tullgren, 1946: 85, f. 26B, pl. 14, f. 170-172 (mf)

Gnaphosa montana Miller, 1971: 78, pl. VI, f. 7-9 (mf)

Gnaphosa montana Grimm, 1985: 73, f. 48, 72-74 (mf)

Gnaphosa montana Izmailova, 1989: 103, f. 84 (f)

Gnaphosa montana Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 422, f. 1117 (mf)

Gnaphosa montana Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 74, f. 243-244, 267-270 (mf)

Gnaphosa montana Noordam, 1992: 14 (f)

Gnaphosa montana Roberts, 1998: 123, f. (mf)

Gnaphosa montana Seyyar, Demir & Topçu, 2006: 50, f. 1A-C (mf)

Gnaphosa montana Almquist, 2006: 401, f. 346a-f (mf)

Gnaphosa montana Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 20, f. 42-45 (f)

Gnaphosa muscorum (L. Koch, 1866) | | North America, Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, China, Korea urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027258

Pythonissa muscorum L. Koch, 1866: 14, pl. 1, f. 9-10 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa muscorum Thorell, 1871a: 190

Gnaphosa conspersa Thorell, 1877c: 489 (Df; preoccupied by O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)

Gnaphosa tigrina Simon, 1878a: 181 (f, misidentified)

Gnaphosa gigantea Keyserling, 1887b: 424, pl. 6, f. 3 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055921]

Gnaphosa conspersa Emerton, 1890: 176, pl. 4, f. 4 (f, Dm)

Gnaphosa conspersa Emerton, 1902: 2, f. 3-5 (f)

Gnaphosa muscorum Lessert, 1910b: 75, f. 63-65 (mf)

Gnaphosa gigantea Comstock, 1912: 320, f. 311-312

Gnaphosa muscorum Simon, 1914: 197, 200, 223, f. 433, 442 (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Gertsch, 1935a: 28 (S)

Gnaphosa muscorum Reimoser, 1937a: 8, f. 11, 19 (mf)

Gnaphosa gigantea Comstock, 1940: 334, f. 311 (f)

Gnaphosa muscorum Palmgren, 1943: 86, f

Gnaphosa muscorum Tullgren, 1946: 80, f. 24A, pl. 12, f. 157-158, pl. 13, f. 159-160 (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Kaston, 1948: 344, f. 1178-1180 (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Buchar, 1961: 95, f. 3F (m)

Gnaphosa muscorum Beer, 1964: 525, f. 1 (f)

Gnaphosa muscorum Tystshenko, 1971: 93, f. 186 (m)

Gnaphosa mongolica Savelyeva, 1972a: 1238, f. 1-2 (f, misidentified)

Gnaphosa muscorum Ubick & Roth, 1973a: 3 (S of Gnaphosa gigantea)

Gnaphosa muscorum Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 34, f. 3-6, 79-84 (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Grimm, 1985: 74, f. 42, 54-55, 76 (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988: 207 (S Drassina ochracea, rejected)

Gnaphosa muscorum Wesołowska, 1988b: 411 (S of Pterotricha adspersa = Drassus adspersus; rejected by Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 37, see Gnaphosa kompirensis)

Gnaphosa muscorum Hu & Wu, 1989: 271, f. 216.3-4 (f, S)

Gnaphosa muscorum Izmailova, 1989: 103, f. 85 (f)

Gnaphosa muscorum Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 422, f. 1112 (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Platnick & Dondale, 1992: 174, f. 16-17, 264-267 (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 42, f. 145-148 (mf, S; not f. 149-150,=G. similis, per Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 27)

Gnaphosa muscorum Marusik & Logunov, 1995b: 189, f. 51-52, 55-56 (f)

Gnaphosa muscorum Mcheidze, 1997: 111, f. 136 (m)

Gnaphosa muscorum Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 250, f. 262Q, 262G (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Marusik & Koponen, 2000: 59, f. 8, 10-11 (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Hu, 2001: 249, f. 139.1-4 (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 77, f. 664-666 (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 114, f. 65A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Almquist, 2006: 402, f. 347a-e (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2011: 156, f. 17.23 (f)

Gnaphosa muscorum Kim & Lee, 2013: 107, f. 73A-B (m)

Gnaphosa muscorum Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 27, f. 63-66, 70-75 (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 231, f. 170A-G (mf)

Gnaphosa muscorum gaunitzi Tullgren, 1955 | | Sweden, Russia (South Siberia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027259

Gnaphosa punctata Tullgren, 1942: 229, f. 2a-c (Df; preoccupied by Kulczyński, 1901, see Gnaphosa mongolica) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055859]

Gnaphosa muscorum punctata Tullgren, 1946: 81, pl. 13, f. 161 (f)

Gnaphosa muscorum gaunitzi Tullgren in Roewer, 1955c: 366 (replacement name) Original description

Gnaphosa punctata Izmailova, 1989: 205, f. 87 (f)

Gnaphosa namulinensis Hu, 2001 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038058

Gnaphosa namulinensis Hu, 2001: 249, f. 140.1-4 (Dmf; may be a junior S of G. dege, per Marusik et al., 2014b: 418) Original description

Gnaphosa namulinensis Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 115, f. 66A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa nigerrima L. Koch, 1877 | | Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027260

Gnaphosa nigerrima L. Koch, 1877b: 185, f. 11 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa nigra Kulczyński, 1926: 40, pl. 2, f. 5 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055937]

Gnaphosa nigerrima Reimoser, 1937a: 9, f. 17 (f)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Lohmander, 1942: 34, 37 (Dm)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Tullgren, 1946: 88, f. 27B, pl. 14, f. 176-178 (mf)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Miller, 1951: 226, pl. III, f. 15-18 (mf)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Miller, 1971: 78, pl. V, f. 21, pl. VI, f. 3 (m)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Grimm, 1985: 77, f. 50, 52-53 (mf)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988: 207, f. 12-14 (mf)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 422, f. 1120 (mf)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 80, f. 285-286, 293-296 (mf, S of Gnaphosa nigra)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Roberts, 1995: 116, f. (mf)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1996: 116, pl. 3, f. 7, 13 (mf)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Felton, 1997: 311, f. 1-3 (mf)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Roberts, 1998: 121, f. (mf)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Villepoux & Duhem, 2004: 20, f. 7A-C (mf)

Gnaphosa nigerrima Almquist, 2006: 403, f. 348a-e (mf)

Gnaphosa nordlandica Strand, 1900 | | Norway urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027261

Gnaphosa nordlandica Strand, 1900c: 41, f. b (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa norvegica Strand, 1900 | | Norway urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027262

Gnaphosa norvegica Strand, 1900c: 43, f. a (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa occidentalis Simon, 1878 | | Western Europe urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027263

Gnaphosa occidentalis Simon, 1878a: 177, pl. 15, f. 11 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa lugubris occidentalis Simon, 1914: 194, 201, 224, f. 417, 445 (mf)

Gnaphosa occidentalis Locket & Millidge, 1951: 117, f. 60B, E-F, 61B (mf)

Gnaphosa occidentalis Locket & Millidge, 1957: 486, f. 5B-C (m, elevated from subspecies, contra Roewer, 1955)

Gnaphosa occidentalis Locket, Millidge & Merrett, 1974: 10, f. 4D-E (m)

Gnaphosa occidentalis Roberts, 1985: 76, f. 28b (mf)

Gnaphosa occidentalis Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 22, f. 67-70 (mf)

Gnaphosa occidentalis Roberts, 1995: 116, f. (mf)

Gnaphosa occidentalis Roberts, 1998: 122, f. (mf)

Gnaphosa occidentalis Lecigne, 2018a: 48, pl. 3A-J, 5A-E (mf)

Gnaphosa occidentalis Breitling, 2020: 343, f. 12B (f)

Gnaphosa oceanica Simon, 1878 | | France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027264

Gnaphosa oceanica Simon, 1878a: 179 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa oceanica Simon, 1914: 198, 224, f. 437 (f)

Gnaphosa ogeri Lecigne, 2018 | | France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050577

Gnaphosa ogeri Lecigne, 2018a: 47, f. 3, pl. 1A-G, 2A-G, 4A-I (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa oirat Esyunin, Kabdrakhimov & Efimik, 2024 | | Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060422

Gnaphosa oirat Esyunin, Kabdrakhimov & Efimik, 2024: 134, f. 14-15 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa oligerae Ovtsharenko & Platnick, 1998 | | Russia (Far East) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027265

Gnaphosa oligerae Ovtsharenko & Platnick, 1998: 3, f. 1-5 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa opaca Herman, 1879 | | Europe to Central Asia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027266

Gnaphosa opaca Herman, 1879: 195, 364, pl. 7, f. 171 (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa molesta Herman, 1879: 195, 363, pl. 7, f. 170 (Df)

Gnaphosa fumosa Herman, 1879: 362

Gnaphosa opaca Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 189, pl. 7, f. 20 (mf; S of Gnaphosa molesta Herman, 1879 with "?")

Gnaphosa opaca Reimoser, 1919: 176 (S of Gnaphosa molesta Herman, 1879 and of G. fumosa Herman, 1879 [non C. L. Koch, 1843])

Gnaphosa opaca Miller, 1947: 35, pl. III, f. 16 (f)

Gnaphosa opaca Roewer, 1955c: 367 (S of Gnaphosa fusca [lapsus] = G. fumosa Herman, 1879 [non C. L. Koch, 1843])

Gnaphosa opaca Tystshenko, 1971: 94, f. 185 (m)

Gnaphosa opaca Miller, 1971: 77, pl. VI, f. 4-6 (mf)

Gnaphosa opaca Staręga, 1972: 84, f. 12-14, photo 8 (mf)

Gnaphosa opaca Grimm, 1985: 78, f. 45, 64-65 (mf)

Gnaphosa iberica Pérez-Pérez, 1985: 67, f. 8-10 (mf, misidentified per Emerit & Ledoux, 2004a: 17 and Braud, Hervé & Ledoux, 2004: 19)

Gnaphosa opaca Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 422, f. 1115 (mf)

Gnaphosa opaca Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 31, f. 103-106 (mf)

Gnaphosa opaca Roberts, 1998: 121, f. (mf)

Gnaphosa opaca Braud, Hervé & Ledoux, 2004: 19, f. 5A-C (mf)

Gnaphosa opaca Danflous, Crowther & Simmons, 2020: 3 (S of Gnaphosa molesta Herman, 1879 confirmed, S of G. iberica doubtful)

Gnaphosa orites Chamberlin, 1922 | | North America, Northern Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027268

Gnaphosa orites Chamberlin, 1922: 158 (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa labradorensis Fox, 1938a: 231, pl. 1, f. 1 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055930]

Gnaphosa humilis Holm, 1939b: 7, f. 3a-c (Dm, preoccupied)

Gnaphosa holmi Tullgren, 1942: 220 (replacement name for G. humilis; N.B.: identical replacement name provided by Lohmander, 1942: 47) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055924]

Gnaphosa holmi Lohmander, 1942: 47 (replacement name for G. humilis)

Gnaphosa holmi Palmgren, 1943: 88, f

Gnaphosa (Oreognaphosa) holmi Lohmander, 1944: 11

Gnaphosa holmi Tullgren, 1946: 89, f. 27C, pl. 14, f. 179-181 (m, Df)

Gnaphosa orites Holm, 1950: 129 (S of Gnaphosa holmi Tullgren)

Gnaphosa stuxbergi Holm, 1970: 206, f. 40 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055949]

Gnaphosa orites Ubick & Roth, 1973a: 4 (S of Gnaphosa labradorensis)

Gnaphosa orites Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 46, f. 65, 107-108 (m; not f, =G. borea)

Gnaphosa orites Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988: 208, f. 4-6 (mf, S of Gnaphosa stuxbergi)

Gnaphosa orites Platnick & Dondale, 1992: 186, f. 284-287 (mf)

Gnaphosa orites Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 60, f. 207-212 (mf)

Gnaphosa orites Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1996: 117, pl. 3, f. 1, 3, 11 (mf)

Gnaphosa orites Marusik & Koponen, 2001b: 140, f. 4 (m)

Gnaphosa orites Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 77, f. 657-659 (mf)

Gnaphosa orites Almquist, 2006: 404, f. 349a-e (mf)

Gnaphosa orites Marusik, Omelko & Koponen, 2011: 51, f. 1-6 (mf)

Gnaphosa ovchinnikovi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Kyrgyzstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027269

Gnaphosa ovchinnikovi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 56, f. 191-194 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa pakistanica Ovtchinnikov, Ahmad & Inayatullah, 2008 | | Pakistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:041940

Gnaphosa pakistanica Ovtchinnikov, Ahmad & Inayatullah, 2008: 82, f. 1-4 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa parvula Banks, 1896 | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027270

Gnaphosa parvula Banks, 1896e: 61 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa parvula Emerton, 1909: 218, pl. 9, f. 3 (f, Dm)

Gnaphosa parvula Kaston, 1948: 346, f. 1161-1162, 1184 (mf)

Gnaphosa parvula Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 48, f. 111-116 (mf)

Gnaphosa parvula Platnick & Dondale, 1992: 176, f. 268-271 (mf)

Gnaphosa parvula Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 77, f. 670-672 (mf)

Gnaphosa pauriensis Tikader & Gajbe, 1977 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027271

Gnaphosa pauriensis Tikader & Gajbe, 1977b: 44, f. 1A-E (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa pauriensis Tikader, 1982b: 334, f. 90-95 (f)

Gnaphosa pauriensis Gajbe, 2007: 457, f. 71-76 (f)

Gnaphosa pengi Zhang & Yin, 2001 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038059

Gnaphosa pengi Zhang & Yin, 2001b: 479, f. 1-4 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa pengi Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 117, f. 67A-B (f)

Gnaphosa perplexa Denis, 1958 | | Afghanistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027272

Gnaphosa perplexa Denis, 1958b: 95, f. 22 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa perplexa Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 18, f. 51-52 (f)

Gnaphosa petrobia L. Koch, 1872 | | Europe, Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027273

Gnaphosa petrobia L. Koch, 1872b: 302 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa hospitalis Simon, 1878a: 186 (Df)

Gnaphosa petrobia Müller & Schenkel, 1895: 772, pl. 14, f. 8 (m)

Gnaphosa petrobia Kulczyński, 1903b: 643, pl. 1, f. 8 (f)

Gnaphosa petrobia Lessert, 1910b: 80, f. 71-72 (mf)

Gnaphosa petrobia Simon, 1914: 197, 203, 224, f. 432, 450 (mf)

Gnaphosa petrobia Holm, 1939b: 9, f. 3d-e (m)

Gnaphosa (Oreognaphosa) petrobia Lohmander, 1944: 11

Gnaphosa petrobia Roșca, 1968: 86, f. 17a-b (mf)

Gnaphosa petrobia Tystshenko, 1971: 92, g. 183, 190 (mf)

Gnaphosa petrobia Grimm, 1985: 79, f. 39, 58-59 (mf)

Gnaphosa petrobia Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 420, f. 1110 (mf)

Gnaphosa petrobia Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 70, f. 251-254 (mf)

Gnaphosa pilosa Savelyeva, 1972 | | Russia (Europe, South Siberia), Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027274

Gnaphosa pilosa Savelyeva, 1972a: 1240, f. 3-4 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa pilosa Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 24, f. 75-78 (f, Dm)

Gnaphosa pilosa Esyunin & Tuneva, 2020: 111, f. 32-37 (mf)

Gnaphosa poonaensis Tikader, 1973 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027275

Gnaphosa poonaensis Tikader, 1973a: 188, f. 6-10 (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa poonaensis Tikader, 1982b: 332, f. 1-2, 83-89 (m, Df)

Gnaphosa poonaensis Gajbe, 2007: 456, f. 64-70 (mf)

Gnaphosa porrecta Strand, 1900 | | Norway urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027276

Gnaphosa porrecta Strand, 1900c: 39, f. c (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa potanini Simon, 1895 | | Russia (South Siberia, Far East), Mongolia, China, Korea, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027277

Gnaphosa potanini Simon, 1895c: 333 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa silvicola Kamura, 1988: 9, f. 5-6, 20-26 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055945]

Gnaphosa silvicola Kim et al., 1988: 147, f. 6-10 (mf)

Gnaphosa silvicola Paik, 1989: 7, f. 19-29 (mf)

Gnaphosa potanini Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 32, f. 111-114 (mf, S of Gnaphosa silvicola; see comment on S by Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 29)

Gnaphosa potanini Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 450, f. 262H, M (mf)

Gnaphosa potanini Namkung, 2002: 476, f. 37.17a-b (mf)

Gnaphosa potanini Namkung, 2003: 479, f. 37.17a-b (mf)

Gnaphosa potanini Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 118, f. 68A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa potanini Jung et al., 2005: 180, f. 20-21, 62, 87, 123-124 (mf)

Gnaphosa potanini Kamura, 2009: 488, f. 61-64 (mf)

Gnaphosa potanini Kim & Lee, 2013: 108, f. 74A-C (mf)

Gnaphosa potanini Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 29, f. 91 (f)

Gnaphosa potanini Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 231, f. 171A-C (f)

Gnaphosa potanini Kishida, 2023: 40, f. 1-2 (m)

Gnaphosa potosi Platnick & Shadab, 1975 | | Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027278

Gnaphosa potosi Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 32, f. 66-70 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa prashkevichi Fomichev, 2019 | | Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051544

Gnaphosa prashkevichi Fomichev, 2019: 571, f. 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21-22 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa primorica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Russia (Far East), Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027279

Gnaphosa primorica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 78, f. 289-290 (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa primorica Ono & Kudo, 1996: 74, f. 1-6 (m)

Gnaphosa primorica Kamura, 2009: 488, f. 68-69 (m)

Gnaphosa primorica Suzuki, 2018d: 28, f. 1a-d (m)

Gnaphosa prosperi Simon, 1878 | | Spain urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027280

Gnaphosa prosperi Simon, 1878a: 175 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa pseashcho Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Russia (Caucasus) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027281

Gnaphosa pseashcho Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 25, f. 65, 79-82 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa pseudoleporina Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Russia (South Siberia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027283

Gnaphosa pseudoleporina Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 68, f. 247-250 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa pseudoleporina Marusik & Koponen, 2001b: 141, f. 14-18 (m)

Gnaphosa pseudoleporina Azarkina & Trilikauskas, 2013a: 52, f. 1-18 (mf)

Gnaphosa qamsarica Zamani, Chatzaki, Esyunin & Marusik, 2021 | | Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:053229

Gnaphosa qamsarica Zamani et al., 2021a: 84, f. 10A-H (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa rasnitsyni Marusik, 1993 | | Mongolia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027285

Gnaphosa rasnitsyni Marusik, 1993a: 79, f. 4-6 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa ustyuzhanini Fomichev, Marusik & Omelko, 2013: 153, f. 1-10 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:046044]

Gnaphosa ustyuzhanini Marusik, Fomichev & Omelko, 2014b: 6, f. 17-18 (m)

Gnaphosa rasnitsyni Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 22, f. 49-56 (f)

Gnaphosa rasnitsyni Fomichev & Marusik, 2017b: 78, f. 28-31 (f, S of Gnaphosa ustyuzhanin)

Gnaphosa reikhardi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027286

Gnaphosa reikhardi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 76, f. 245, 275-278 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa rhenana Müller & Schenkel, 1895 | | France, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Italy, Romania, Albania urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027287

Gnaphosa rhenana Müller & Schenkel, 1895: 772, pl. 14, f. 9 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa rhenana Lessert, 1910b: 82, f. 76-78 (mf)

Gnaphosa rhenana Roșca, 1968: 86, f. 18a-b (mf)

Gnaphosa rhenana Grimm, 1985: 81, f. 46, 66-67 (mf)

Gnaphosa rhenana Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 422, f. 1116 (mf)

Gnaphosa rhenana Pesarini, 2000: 385, f. 15 (m)

Gnaphosa rhenana Komnenov, 2018: 211, f. 18-25 (m)

Gnaphosa rhenana Tolve et al., 2024: 35, f. 36-39 (mf)

Gnaphosa rohtakensis Gajbe, 1992 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027288

Gnaphosa rohtakensis Gajbe, 1992a: 303, f. 1-5 (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa rufula (L. Koch, 1866) | | Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Russia (Europe), Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027289

Pythonissa rufula L. Koch, 1866: 20, pl. 1, f. 12-14 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa rufula Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 29, f. 95-98 (m, Df; N.B.: Koch's f=G. steppica)

Gnaphosa rufula Szita et al., 2006: 331, f. 2e-h (mf)

Gnaphosa rufula Ponomarev, 2008b: 81, f. 2-3 (m)

Gnaphosa rufula Gajdoš, Černecká & Šestáková, 2019: 57, f. 3-9 (mf)

Gnaphosa rufula Naumova, Blagoev & Deltshev, 2021: 233, f. 4A-B (f)

Gnaphosa salsa Platnick & Shadab, 1975 | | USA, Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027290

Gnaphosa salsa Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 22, f. 47-52 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa sandersi Gertsch & Davis, 1940 | | Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027291

Gnaphosa sandersi Gertsch & Davis, 1940b: 8, f. 14 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa sandersi Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 59, f. 139-142 (f, Dm)

Gnaphosa saurica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Ukraine, Caucasus, Iran, Russia (Europe) to Central Asia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027292

Gnaphosa saurica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 6, f. 15-18 (Dmf; N. B.: for Levy, 1995: 977, f=G. barroisi) Original description

Gnaphosa saurica Esyunin & Efimik, 1997: 107, f. 6-7, 10-12 (mf)

Gnaphosa saurica Kovblyuk, 2005a: 141, f. 29-46 (mf; N.B.: in note on p. 151, considered a junior S of G. dolosa, but that S was not based on examination of holotype of G. dolosa and is therefore uncertain)

Gnaphosa saxosa Platnick & Shadab, 1975 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027293

Gnaphosa saxosa Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 17, f. 29-34 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa secreta Simon, 1878 | | France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027294

Gnaphosa secreta Simon, 1878a: 190 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa secreta Simon, 1914: 203, 224, f. 451 (f)

Gnaphosa sericata (L. Koch, 1866) | | USA to Guatemala, Cuba, Turks & Caicos urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027295

Pythonissa sericata L. Koch, 1866: 31, pl. 2, f. 21-22 (Dm) Original description

Drassus diversus Blackwall, 1871: 433 (Dj) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055919]

Gnaphosa sericata Banks, 1895d: 78

Gnaphosa spiralis F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899a: 55, pl. 4, f. 18 (Dm)

Gnaphosa peon Chamberlin, 1925d: 213 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055938]

Gnaphosa simplex Franganillo, 1926a: 49 (D)

Cylphosa sericata Chamberlin, 1936a: 14

Gnaphosa sericata Kaston, 1948: 346, f. 1181-1183 (mf)

Poecilochroa inconspicua Bryant, 1948b: 408, pl. 10, f. 91 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055926]

Gnaphosa sericata Kaston, 1972a: 210, f. 14-15, 33 (mf, removed from S of G. bicolor per Roewer)

Gnaphosa sericata Ubick & Roth, 1973a: 4 (S of Drassodes diversus)

Gnaphosa sericata Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 61, f. 143-149 (mf, S of Gnaphosa peon)

Gnaphosa diversa Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 7 (nomen dubium)

Gnaphosa sericata Platnick & Shadab, 1981e: 7 (S of Poecilochroa inconspicua)

Gnaphosa sericata Heiss & Allen, 1986: 15, f. 25-26 (mf)

Gnaphosa sericata Platnick & Dondale, 1992: 161, f. 240-243 (mf)

Gnaphosa sericata Breene et al., 1993: 88, f. 109A-B (mf)

Gnaphosa serzonshteini Fomichev & Marusik, 2017 | | Mongolia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049451

Gnaphosa zonsteini Fomichev & Marusik, 2017b: 75, f. 20-27, 32-33 (Dmf; preoccupied by Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049313] Original description

Gnaphosa serzonshteini Fomichev & Marusik, 2017c: 431 (replacement name)

Gnaphosa similis Kulczyński, 1926 | | Russia (Middle and South Siberia to Far East), China, Korea urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047308

Gnaphosa similis Kulczyński, 1926: 42, pl. 2, f. 6 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa lesserti Schenkel, 1963: 80, f. 45 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055932]

Gnaphosa muscorum Wesołowska, 1988b: 411, f. 24-28 (m, S; placed here per Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 26)

Gnaphosa muscorum Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 42, f. 149-150 (mf, per Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 26)

Gnaphosa muscorum Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1996: 116, pl. 3, 9, 17 (mf, misidentified, per Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 26)

Gnaphosa similis Marusik & Koponen, 2000: 59, f. 9, 12-13 (mf, considered distinct from G. muscorum, not accepted then)

Gnaphosa muscorum Namkung, 2002: 477, f. 37.18a-b (mf, misidentified, per Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 26)

Gnaphosa muscorum Namkung, 2003: 480, f. 37.18a-b (mf, misidentified, per Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 26)

Gnaphosa similis Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2011: 40, f. 2.6, 17.21 (m)

Gnaphosa similis Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 26, f. 57-62, 67-69, 76-78 (mf, S of Gnaphosa lesserti, removed from S of G. muscorum, contra Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 42)

Gnaphosa sinensis Simon, 1880 | | China, Korea urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027296

Gnaphosa sinensis Simon, 1880b: 121, pl. 3, f. 24 (Df, not m, = G. licenti) Original description

Gnaphosa koreae Strand, 1907k: 122 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055928]

Gnaphosa sinensis Saito, 1936b: 5, 74, pl. 5 (f)

Gnaphosa kratochvili Schenkel, 1963: 61, f. 32a-c (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055929]

Gnaphosa bonneti Schenkel, 1963: 62, f. 33 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055815]

Gnaphosa martae Schenkel, 1963: 85, f. 48 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055933]

Gnaphosa schensiensis Schenkel, 1963: 90, f. 52a-b (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055943]

Gnaphosa sinensis Song & Hubert, 1983: 17, f. 46-49 (f)

Gnaphosa schensiensis Zhu & Shi, 1985: 151, f. 134a-c (m)

Gnaphosa sinensis Zhu & Shi, 1985: 152, f. 135a-c (f)

Gnaphosa sinensis Song, 1987: 339, f. 294 (f, S)

Gnaphosa schensiensis Zhang, 1987: 179, f. 121, f. 150.1-3 (m)

Gnaphosa sinensis Zhang, 1987: 180, f. 151.1-3 (f)

Gnaphosa schensiensis Hu & Li, 1987b: 299, f. 30.3-4 (m)

Gnaphosa koreae Paik & Kim, 1989: 40, f. 1-6 (f)

Gnaphosa sinensis Chen & Gao, 1990: 145, f. 183a-c (f)

Gnaphosa sinensis Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 71, f. 255-258 (mf, S of Gnaphosa bonneti, G. koreae, G. kratochvili, G. martae and G. schensiensis)

Gnaphosa schensiensis Zhao, 1993: 124, f. 59 (m)

Gnaphosa schensiensis Zhao, 1995: 843, f. 395 (m)

Gnaphosa sinensis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 450, f. 262I, N (mf)

Gnaphosa schensiensis Hu, 2001: 252, f. 141.1-2 (m)

Gnaphosa sinensis Song, Zhu & Chen, 2001: 344, f. 222A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa sinensis Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 119, f. 69A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa sinensis Jung et al., 2005: 180, f. 22, 63, 88, 125-126 (mf)

Gnaphosa sinensis Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 394, f. 282A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa sinensis Kim & Lee, 2013: 109, f. 75A-C (mf)

Gnaphosa sinensis Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 234, f. 172A-G (mf)

Gnaphosa snohomish Platnick & Shadab, 1975 | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027297

Gnaphosa snohomish Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 52, f. 123-126 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa snohomish Platnick & Dondale, 1992: 170, f. 256-259 (mf)

Gnaphosa snohomish Bennett, Fitzpatrick & Troubridge, 2007: 16, f. 1-9 (mf)

Gnaphosa songi Zhang, 2001 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038060

Gnaphosa songi Zhang in Zhang, Song & Zhu, 2001: 52, f. 1A-F (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa songi Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 121, f. 70A-F (mf)

Gnaphosa sonora Platnick & Shadab, 1975 | | Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027298

Gnaphosa sonora Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 25, f. 42, 71-72 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa sonora Platnick, 1976c: 135, f. 1-2 (Dm)

Gnaphosa steppica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Ukraine, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan, Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027299

Gnaphosa steppica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 37, f. 127-128, 133-136 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa steppica Tuneva & Esyunin, 2003b: 279, f. 5-7 (mf)

Gnaphosa steppica Zamani et al., 2020: 576, f. 3A-C (f)

Gnaphosa steppica Seropian et al., 2023: 240, f. 18-21 (mf)

Gnaphosa sticta Kulczyński, 1908 | | Scandinavia, Russia (Europe to Far East), Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027300

Gnaphosa sticta Kulczyński, 1908b: 7, pl. 1, f. 4 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa intermedia Holm, 1939b: 11, f. 5 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055927]

Gnaphosa intermedia Palmgren, 1943: 88, f

Gnaphosa intermedia Tullgren, 1946: 83, f. 24C, pl. 13, f. 165 (f)

Gnaphosa microps Holm, 1950: 136, f. 8a-b (m, misidentified)

Gnaphosa sticta Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1988: 208, f. 16-17, 20 (mf, S of Gnaphosa intermedia)

Gnaphosa sticta Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 48, f. 163-168 (mf)

Gnaphosa sticta Ono, 1994c: 189, f. 1-4 (mf)

Gnaphosa sticta Ovtsharenko & Marusik, 1996: 117, pl. 3, f. 8, 14 (mf)

Gnaphosa sticta Almquist, 2006: 404, f. 350a-e (mf)

Gnaphosa sticta Kamura, 2009: 488, f. 65-67 (mf)

Gnaphosa sticta Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 16, f. 13-15, 27-30 (mf)

Gnaphosa stoliczkai O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885 | | Mongolia, China, India? urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027301

Gnaphosa stoliczkae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885b: 16, pl. 2, f. 12 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa stoliczkai Schenkel, 1936b: 259, f. 85 (m)

Gnaphosa rudolfi Schenkel, 1963: 88, f. 51a-b (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055942]

Gnaphosa stoliczkae Tikader, 1982b: 340, f. 105-107 (f)

Gnaphosa rudolfi Hu & Wu, 1989: 272, f. 220.1-4 (m, Df)

Gnaphosa stoliczkai Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 12, f. 27-32 (mf, S of Gnaphosa rudolfi)

Gnaphosa stoliczkai Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 450, f. 262J, O (mf)

Gnaphosa stoliczkai Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 123, f. 71A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa stoliczkai Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 18, f. 35-41 (m)

Gnaphosa stussineri Simon, 1885 | | Greece urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027302

Gnaphosa stussineri Simon, 1885g: 213 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa synthetica Chamberlin, 1924 | | USA, Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027303

Gnaphosa synthetica Chamberlin, 1924b: 620, f. 59-60 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa synthetica Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 20, f. 41, 43-46 (mf)

Gnaphosa tarabaevi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027304

Gnaphosa tarabaevi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 64, f. 215-216, 229-232 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa taurica Thorell, 1875 | | Bulgaria to China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027305

Gnaphosa taurica Thorell, 1875b: 84 (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa taurica Thorell, 1875c: 98 (Dm)

Gnaphosa taurica Spassky, 1925: 33, f. 43 (f)

Gnaphosa taurica Tystshenko, 1971: 92, f. 187 (f)

Gnaphosa taurica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 22, f. 63-64, 71-74 (mf)

Gnaphosa taurica Mcheidze, 1997: 109, f. 139 (f)

Gnaphosa taurica Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 451, f. 262K, P (mf)

Gnaphosa taurica Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 124, f. 72A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa taurica Kovblyuk, 2005a: 148, f. 52-57 (mf)

Gnaphosa taurica Ramírez, 2014: 238, f. 166D-E (m)

Gnaphosa tenebrosa Fox, 1938 | | probably Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027306

Gnaphosa tenebrosa Fox, 1938a: 229, pl. 2, f. 6 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa tenebrosa Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 27, f. 73-74 (f)

Gnaphosa tetrica Simon, 1878 | | France, North Macedonia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027307

Gnaphosa tetrica Simon, 1878a: 170 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa tigrina Simon, 1878 | | Mediterranean, Russia (Europe, South Siberia), Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027308

Gnaphosa tigrina Simon, 1878a: 180 (Dm, not f) Original description

Gnaphosa tigrina Lessert, 1910b: 78, f. 69-70 (m)

Gnaphosa tigrina Simon, 1914: 201, 224, f. 429-430, 446 (m, Df)

Gnaphosa tigrina Grimm, 1985: 82, f. 44, 70-71 (mf)

Gnaphosa tigrina Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 422, f. 1114 (mf)

Gnaphosa tigrina Tuneva & Esyunin, 2003b: 281, f. 8-9 (f only; m is reversed with G. azerbaidzhanica per Zamani et al., 2021b: 283

Gnaphosa azerbaidzhanica Tuneva & Esyunin, 2003b: 277, f. 3-4 (m only; reversed with G. tigrina per Zamani et al., 2021b: 283)

Gnaphosa tigrina Breitling, 2020: 343, f. 12C (f)

Gnaphosa azerbaidzhanica Zamani et al., 2020: 575, f. 3D-E (m; misidentified per Zamani et al., 2021b: 283)

Gnaphosa tumd Tang, Song & Zhang, 2001 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038061

Gnaphosa tumd Tang, Song & Zhang, 2001a: 15, f. 1-3 (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa tumid Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 125, f. 73A-C (m)

Gnaphosa tunevae Marusik & Omelko, 2014 | | Mongolia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047307

Gnaphosa tunevae Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 17, f. 31-34 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa tuvinica Marusik & Logunov, 1992 | | Russia (West and South Siberia), Mongolia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027310

Gnaphosa tuvinica Marusik & Logunov in Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 28, f. 91-94 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa tuvinica Marusik & Logunov, 1995b: 191, f. 57-60 (mf)

Gnaphosa tuvinica Marusik & Logunov, 2009: 147, f. 3-4 (f)

Gnaphosa ukrainica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Ukraine, Russia (Europe to Central Asia), Iran, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027311

Gnaphosa ukrainica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 17, f. 49-50 (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa turkmenica Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 18, f. 53-54 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027309]

Gnaphosa ukrainica Ponomarev & Tsvetkov, 2004: 93, f. 8 (f)

Gnaphosa ukrainica Kovblyuk, 2005a: 136, f. 8-13 (mf, S of Gnaphosa turkmenica)

Gnaphosa ukrainica Azarkina et al., 2018: 78, f. 3 (m)

Gnaphosa ukrainica Zamani & Marusik, 2018c: 69, f. 2B-C, 3G-H, 4D-F, 5D (mf)

Gnaphosa utahana Banks, 1904 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027312

Gnaphosa utahana Banks, 1904a: 110, f. 26 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa utahana Platnick & Shadab, 1975a: 23, f. 53-58 (f, Dm)

Gnaphosa wiehlei Schenkel, 1963 | | Russia (South Siberia), Mongolia, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027313

Gnaphosa wiehlei Schenkel, 1963: 95, f. 55a-c (Dm) Original description

Gnaphosa wiehlei Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 52, f. 171-172, 177-180 (m, Df)

Gnaphosa wiehlei Marusik & Logunov, 1995b: 191, f. 69-70 (f)

Gnaphosa wiehlei Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 451, f. 262L, Q (mf)

Gnaphosa wiehlei Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 126, f. 74A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa wiehlei Marusik & Omelko, 2014b: 14, f. 10-12, 16-26 (mf)

Gnaphosa xieae Zhang & Yin, 2001 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038062

Gnaphosa xieae Zhang & Yin, 2001b: 480, f. 5-9 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa xieae Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 128, f. 75A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa zeugitana Pavesi, 1880 | | North Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027314

Gnaphosa zeugitana Pavesi, 1880b: 352 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa zeugitana Denis, 1966e: 109, f. 11 (f)

Gnaphosa zeugitana Di Franco, 1994a: 198, f. 5-8 (mf)

Gnaphosa zhaoi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027315

Gnaphosa zhaoi Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 41, f. 66, 141-144 (Dmf) Original description

Gnaphosa zhaoi Song, Chen & Zhu, 1997: 1728, f. 34a-c (f)

Gnaphosa zhaoi Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 451, f. 14F, 263A, I (mf)

Gnaphosa zhaoi Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 129, f. 76A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa zhaoi Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 396, f. 283A-D (mf)

Gnaphosa zhaoi Yin et al., 2012: 1172, f. 624a-e (mf)

Gnaphosa zhaoi Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 234, f. 173A-G (mf)

Gnaphosa zonsteini Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Kyrgyzstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027316

Gnaphosa zonsteini Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 53, f. 261-262 (Df) Original description

Gnaphosa zyuzini Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 | | Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027317

Gnaphosa zyuzini Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992: 77, f. 279-284 (Dmf) Original description