Dictynidae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871

Family |   ACCEPTED
N.B.: Blabomma and Yorima are transferred from the Dictynidae to the Cybaeidae by Wheeler et al., 2017: 606; Argyroneta is transferred from the Cybaeidae to the Dictynidae and Cicurina (as well as Chorizomma and Mastigusa [transferred to the Cybaeidae by Castellucci et al., 2023: 6], which are not explicitely listed by Wheeler et al., 2017) from Dictynidae to Hahniidae by Wheeler et al., 2017: 607; Cicurinidae new circumscribed (Bromella, Cicurina and Chorizomma) and elevated to family by Gorneau et al., 2023: 11; included genera of Dictynidae listed by Gorneau et al., 2023: 12; re-separation of Argyronetidae (Ono, 2009a: 169, Murphy & Roberts, 2015: viii, with the single genus Argyroneta) not sufficiently justified and is not accepted here;  considering the low bootstrap values of dichotomies in the families Agelenidae, Cybaidae, Hahniidae, Toxopidae and Dictynidae (see Wheeler et al., 2017) the proposed positon of Argyroneta is far from certain (e.g. Ono & Ogata, 2018: 618); we reflect the transfer here and state that Argyronetidae Thorell, 1869: 45 has priority under ICZN; we suggest to wait for a stable family placement and naming before a nomenclatorial action at the family name level is done; the family is not monophyletic per Kulkarni, Wood & Hormiga, 2023: 515, f. 15-16.

In synonymy:

Corteza Roth & Brown, 1975 = Paratheuma Bryant, 1940 (Platnick, 1977c: 199)

Litisedes Oi, 1960 = Paratheuma Bryant, 1940 (Yaginuma, 1990: 2)

Swainsia Marples, 1964 = Paratheuma Bryant, 1940 (Beatty & Berry, 1988: 48)

Gen. Paratheuma Bryant, 1940 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01884
N.B.: transferred from the Gnaphosidae to the Desidae by Platnick, 1977c: 199 and to the Dictynidae by Zamani, Marusik & Berry, 2016: 178; considered a senior synonym of Corteza Roth & Brown, 1975a: 2 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05502] (type C. interaesta Roth & Brown, 1975) by Platnick, 1977c: 199; considered a senior synonym of Swainsia Marples, 1964: 403 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05504] (type S. armata Marples, 1964, transferred from the Agelenidae to the Dictynidae by Lehtinen, 1967: 265) by Beatty & Berry, 1988: 48 and of Litisedes Oi, 1960b: 7 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05503] (type L. shirahamaensis Oi, 1960, transferred from the Agelenidae to the Dictynidae by Lehtinen, 1967: 244) by Yaginuma, 1990: 2.

Transferred to other genera:

Paratheuma isolata Bryant, 1940 -- see Teminius

Paratheuma andromeda Beatty & Berry, 1989 | | Cook Is. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:021616
Paratheuma andromeda Beatty & Berry, 1989: 340, f. 1-4 (Dmf) Original description
Paratheuma armata (Marples, 1964) | | Caroline Is. to Samoa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:021617
Swainsia armata Marples, 1964: 403, f. 2 (Dm) Original description
Swainsia armata Lehtinen, 1967: 450, f. 269-270 (m)
Paratheuma armata Beatty & Berry, 1988: 51, f. 3, 6, 9 (m, Df)
Paratheuma armata Crews et al., 2020: 908, f. 16C-G, S14G (mf)
Paratheuma australis Beatty & Berry, 1989 | | Australia (Queensland), Fiji urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:021618
Paratheuma australis Beatty & Berry, 1989: 343, f. 9-12 (Dmf) Original description
Paratheuma awasensis Shimojana, 2013 | | Japan (Okinawa) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:045788
Paratheuma awasensis Shimojana, 2012: 93, f. 1-12 (Dmf) Original description
Paratheuma awasensis Suzuki, 2022b: 192, f. 12-13 (f)
Paratheuma draneyi Berry, 2024 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060364
Paratheuma draneyi Berry, 2024: 49, f. 1-5 (Dmf) Original description
Paratheuma enigmatica Zamani, Marusik & Berry, 2016 | | Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048643
Paratheuma enigmatica Zamani, Marusik & Berry, 2016: 179, f. 1a-h, 2a-g, 3a-b (Dmf) Original description
Paratheuma insulana (Banks, 1902) | | USA, Caribbean. Introduced to Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:021619
Eutichurus insulanus Banks, 1902d: 270, f. 3 (Df) Original description
Paratheuma insulana Bryant, 1940: 387, pl. 11, f. 148 (f)
Paratheuma insulana Platnick, 1977c: 200, f. 3-4 (f)
Paratheuma insulana Beatty & Berry, 1988: 49, f. 1, 4, 7 (f, Dm)
Paratheuma insulana Ono, 2006a: 261, f. 7a-j (mf)
Paratheuma insulana Penney, 2008: 111, f. 5.114 (m)
Paratheuma insulana Ono, 2009a: 212, f. 55-60 (mf)
Paratheuma insulana Suzuki, 2022b: 192, f. 14-15 (f)
Paratheuma interaesta (Roth & Brown, 1975) | | Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:021620
Corteza interaesta Roth & Brown, 1975a: 3, f. 3-10 (Dmf) Original description
Paratheuma interaesta Platnick, 1977c: 200, f. 1-2 (f)
Paratheuma interaesta Beatty & Berry, 1988: 50, f. 2, 5, 8 (mf)
Paratheuma makai Berry & Beatty, 1989 | | Hawaii urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:021621
Paratheuma makai Berry & Beatty, 1989: 364, f. 2-5 (Dmf) Original description
Paratheuma ramseyae Beatty & Berry, 1989 | | Cook Is. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:021622
Paratheuma ramseyae Beatty & Berry, 1989: 342, f. 5-8 (Dmf) Original description
Paratheuma rangiroa Beatty & Berry, 1989 | | Polynesia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:021623
Paratheuma rangiroa Beatty & Berry, 1989: 344, f. 13-16 (Dmf) Original description
Paratheuma shirahamaensis (Oi, 1960) | | Korea, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:021624
Litisedes shirahamaensis Oi, 1960b: 7, f. 10-15 (Dmf) Original description
Litisedes shirahamaensis Lehtinen, 1967: 450, f. 275 (f)
Litisedes shirahamaensis Ishinoda, 1975: 5, f. 1-2, 4 (mf)
Litisedes shirahamensis Irie, 1985: 7, f. 18-19 (mf)
Litisedes shirahamaensis Yaginuma, 1986a: 142, f. 76.5 (f)
Litisedes shirahamensis Paik & Kang, 1987: 92, f. 1-8 (f)
Litisedes shirahamaensis Chikuni, 1989b: 99, f. 5 (mf)
Paratheuma shirahamaense Yaginuma, 1990: 2, f. 1-4 (mf)
Paratheuma shirahamaensis Namkung, 2002: 370, f. 25.1a (f)
Paratheuma shirahamaensis Namkung, 2003: 372, f. 25.1a (f)
Paratheuma shirahamaensis Ono, 2006a: 260, f. 6a-h (mf)
Paratheuma shirahamaensis Ono, 2009a: 212, f. 52-54 (mf)
Paratheuma shirahamaensis Kim et al., 2015c: 109, f. 1-5 (m)

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