World Spider Catalog

Family | ACCEPTED

In synonymy:

Singotypa Simon, 1894 = Phonognatha Simon, 1894 (Dondale, 1966: 1170)

Gen. Phonognatha Simon, 1894 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01406

type Epeira graeffei Keyserling, 1865; gender feminine

N.B.: transferred from the Tetragnathidae to the Araneidae by Kuntner, Coddington & Hormiga, 2008: 190, confirmed by Murphy & Roberts, 2015: ix; placed in the Phonognathidae Simon, 1894a: 746 by Kuntner et al., 2019: 563; for the current familial placement see the note at the family; considered a senior synonym of Singotypa Simon, 1894a: 784 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05317] (type Epeira melania L. Koch, 1871) by Dondale, 1966: 1170.

Transferred to other genera:

Phonognatha acanthopus (Simon, 1907) -- see Singafrotypa

Phonognatha guanga Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 -- see Neriene

Phonognatha joannae Berland, 1924 -- see Artifex

Phonognatha melanopyga (L. Koch, 1871) -- see Artifex

Phonognatha vicitra Sherriffs, 1928 -- see Acusilas

In synonymy:

Phonognatha pallida (Dalmas, 1917) = Phonognatha melania (L. Koch, 1871) (Kallal & Hormiga, 2018b: 1091)

Phonognatha wagneri (Rainbow, 1896, T from Araneus) = Phonognatha graeffei (Keyserling, 1865) (Dondale, 1966: 1171)

Phonognatha graeffei (Keyserling, 1865) | | Australia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014062 TYPE SPECIES

Epeira graeffii Keyserling, 1865: 811, pl. 19, f. 12-13 (Df; patronym for Graeffe) Original description

Epeira graeffei L. Koch, 1871: 98

Phonognatha graeffei Simon, 1894a: 748, f. 829-831 (f)

Epeira wagneri Rainbow, 1896a: 325, pl. 19, f. 2 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065077]

Phonognatha graeffei Dondale, 1966: 1171, f. 5A-G (mf, S of Araneus wagneri)

Phonognatha graeffei Davies, 1988b: 288, f. 10 (mf)

Phonognatha graeffei Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 323, f. 5K, 8A-G (m)

Phonognatha graeffei Kuntner, Coddington & Hormiga, 2008: 170, f. 11A-C, E-G (mf)

Phonognatha graeffei Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2011a: 838, f. 125E-F, 136E (m)

Phonognatha graeffei Kallal & Hormiga, 2018b: 1080, f. 1A,C, 4A-B, 10A, 11A-I, 12A-G, 13A-I (mf)

Phonognatha melania (L. Koch, 1871) | | Australia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014066

Epeira melania L. Koch, 1871: 100, pl. 8, f. 3 (Df) Original description

Meta melania Keyserling, 1887a: 207, pl. 18, f. 7 (Dm)

Singotypa melania Simon, 1894a: 749

Singotypa pallida Dalmas, 1917b: 435 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014068]

Phonognatha melania Dondale, 1966: 1172, f. 5H-O (mf)

Phonognatha melania Hickman, 1967: 56, f. 99-102 (mf)

Phonognatha melania Kallal & Hormiga, 2018b: 1091, f. 15A-I, 16A-G, 17A-I (mf, S of Phonognatha pallida)

Phonognatha neocaledonica Berland, 1924 | | New Caledonia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014063

Phonognatha graeffei neocaledonica Berland, 1924a: 213, f. 113-117 (Dmf) Original description

Phonognatha neocaledonica Kallal & Hormiga, 2018b: 1098, f. 19A-D, 20A-G, 21A-I (mf, elevated from subspecies)

Phonognatha tanyodon Kallal & Hormiga, 2018 | | Australia (Queensland, New South Wales) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050738

Phonognatha tanyodon Kallal & Hormiga, 2018b: 1102, f. 1B, 23A-I, 24A-G, 25A-I (Dmf) Original description