World Spider Catalog

Araneidae Clerck, 1757

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: family name and authorship as per ICZN, 2009 Opinion 2224, after application by Kluge, 2007; Arkyinae L. Koch, 1872 (genera Arkys Walckenaer, 1837 and Demadiana Strand, 1929) elevated to Arkyidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 244; monophyly of Araneidae stated by Kallal et al., 2018: 138; Nephilinae Simon, 1894 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0111] elevated to family and relimited by Kuntner, 2006: 24, re-synonymized with Araneidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 244; Nephilinae and Phonognathinae Simon, 1894 (Simon, 1894a: 746 as Phonognatheae), the valid name for Zygiellinae Simon, 1929 sensu Wunderlich, 2004f, elevated to family by Kuntner et al., 2019: 563, not accepted by Scharff et al., 2020 and Kallal et al., 2020, and confirmed as family by Kuntner et al., 2023: 969-970 along with the separation of Paraplectanoididae Kuntner, Coddington, Agnarsson & Bond, 2023 (with the single genus Paraplectanoides Keyserling, 1886); Nephilinae and Phonognathinae downgraded to subfamily and Paraplectanoididae considered a synonym of Araneidae by Hormiga et al., 2023: 803; Oarcinae (Gnolus and Oarces) transferred from the Mimitidae to the Araneidae by Dimitrov et al., 2012: Suppl. 1, p. 15, re-transfer to the Mimetidae by Eskov & Marusik, 2023: 340 not accepted here (by majority vote of the WSC boards).

In synonymy:

Peniza Thorell, 1868 = Paraplectana Brito Capello, 1867 (Simon, 1895a: 880)

Gen. Paraplectana Brito Capello, 1867 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01536

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Peniza Thorell, 1868b: 10 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05077] (type P. testudo Thorell, 1868 = Paraplectana thorntoni (Blackwall, 1865)) by Simon, 1895a: 880.

Transferred to other genera:

Paraplectana japonica Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 -- see Anepsion

Paraplectana peruana Keyserling, 1879 -- see Aspidolasius

Paraplectana vicina (Blackwall, 1866) -- see Caerostris

In synonymy:

Paraplectana anchietae Brito Capello, 1867 = Paraplectana thorntoni Blackwall, 1865 (Lessert, 1930: 660)

Paraplectana cabindae Brito Capello, 1867 = Paraplectana thorntoni Blackwall, 1865 (Simon, 1895a: 881)

Paraplectana quadrimamillata Schenkel, 1963 = Paraplectana sakaguchii Uyemura, 1938 (Yin et al., 1997d: 385)

Paraplectana testudo (Thorell, 1868, T from Peniza) = Paraplectana thorntoni Blackwall, 1865 (Simon, 1895a: 881)

Paraplectana thorntoni occidentalis Strand, 1916 = Paraplectana thorntoni Blackwall, 1865 (Nentwig et al., 2019: 38)

Nomen dubium:

Paraplectana walleri ashantensis Strand, 1907n: 648 (f, Ghana) -- Nentwig et al., 2019: 38

Paraplectana coccinella (Thorell, 1890) | | Myanmar, Indonesia (Nias Is.) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016867

Cyrtarachne coccinella Thorell, 1890b: 32 (Df) Original description

Paraplectana coccinella Simon, 1895a: 879

Paraplectana duodecimmaculata Simon, 1897 | | Indonesia (Java) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016868

Paraplectana duodecimmaculata Simon, 1897b: 466 (Df) Original description

Paraplectana gravelyi (Tikader, 1961) | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:015757

Cyrtarachne gravelyi Tikader, 1961a: 553, f. 4a-c (Df) Original description

Cyrtarachne gravelyi Tikader, 1982a: 147, f. 274-276 (f)

Paraplectana gravelyi Ahmed et al., 2015d: 2 (Tf from Cyrtarachne)

Paraplectana hemisphaerica (C. L. Koch, 1844) | | Sierra Leone urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016869

Gasteracantha hemisphaerica C. L. Koch, 1844: 49, f. 874 (Df) Original description

Paraplectana hemisphaerica Simon, 1895a: 880

Paraplectana kittenbergeri Caporiacco, 1947 | | Tanzania urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016871

Paraplectana kittenbergeri Caporiacco, 1947c: 177, f. 33 (Df) Original description

Paraplectana magnaculata Lin & Li, 2022 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054877

Paraplectana magnaculata Lin & Li in Lin et al., 2022c: 204, f. 4A-B, 6A-B (Df) Original description

Paraplectana mamoniae Basumatary & Brahma, 2019 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051524

Paraplectana mamoniae Basumatary & Brahma, 2019b: 276, f. 1-16 (Df) Original description

Paraplectana multimaculata Thorell, 1899 | | Cameroon, East Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016872

Eurysoma walleri Bösenberg & Lenz, 1895: 47, pl. 2, f. 28 (f, misidentified)

Paraplectana multi-maculata Thorell, 1899: 60 (Df) Original description

Paraplectana rajashree Ahmed, Sumukha, Khalap, Mohan & Jadhav, 2015 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048185

Paraplectana rajashree Ahmed et al., 2015d: 2, f. 1-7 (Df) Original description

Paraplectana sakaguchii Uyemura, 1938 | | China, Korea, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016874

Paraplectana sakaguchii Uyemura, 1938b: 90, f. 1a-b, pl. 7 (Df) Original description

Paraplectana quadrimamillata Schenkel, 1963: 177, f. 102a-b (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039687]

Paraplectana sakaguchii Wang, Zhang & Li, 1985: 66, f. III (f)

Paraplectana sakaguchii Chikuni, 1989b: 83, f. 63 (f)

Paraplectana sakaguchii Feng, 1990: 80, f. 55.1-4 (f)

Paraplectana sakaguchii Yin et al., 1997d: 385, f. 277a-b (f, S of Paraplectana quadrimamillata)

Paraplectana sakaguchii Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 302, f. 181Q, 182C (f)

Paraplectana sakaguchii Tanikawa, 2007c: 50, f. 52-53, 461 (f)

Paraplectana sakaguchii Tanikawa, 2009: 428, f. 49 (f)

Paraplectana sakaguchii Tanikawa & Harigae, 2010: 40, f. 3-4 (Dm)

Paraplectana sakaguchii Yin et al., 2012: 754, f. 376a-b (f)

Paraplectana sakaguchii Lee, Yoo & Kim, 2015a: 57, f. 1A-B (f)

Paraplectana thorntoni (Blackwall, 1865) | | Africa, Madagascar, Yemen urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016875

Eurysoma thorntoni Blackwall, 1865b: 348 (Df) Original description

Paraplectana cabindae Brito Capello, 1867: 10, pl. 2, f. 6 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054018]

Paraplectana anchietae Brito Capello, 1867: 11, pl. 2, f. 5 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054019]

Peniza testudo Thorell, 1868b: 10 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054020]

Paraplectana thorntoni O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879c: 293, pl. 27, f. 24 (f)

Paraplectana thorntoni Simon, 1895a: 880, f. 940 (f, S of Paraplectana cabindae and Peniza testudo)

Paraplectana thorntoni occidentalis Strand, 1916a: 101 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016876]

Paraplectana thorntoni Lessert, 1930: 660 (S of Paraplectana anchietae)

Paraplectana thorntoni Kolosváry, 1931: 1070, pl. 30, f. 4 (f)

Paraplectana thorntoni Nentwig et al., 2019: 38 (S of Paraplectana thorntoni occidentalis)

Paraplectana thorntoni du Preez & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2022: 23, f. 1a-1b, 2, 3a-3b (f habitus)

Paraplectana thorntoni Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2022f: 27, p. 26: 1 f., p. 27: 4 f. (f)

Paraplectana tsushimensis Yamaguchi, 1960 | | China, Taiwan, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016877

Paraplectana tsushimensis Yamaguchi, 1960: 5, f. A.1-7, B, pl. 1 (Df) Original description

Paraplectana tsushimensis Yin et al., 1990: 136, f. 339-340 (f)

Paraplectana tsushimensis Chang, 1996: 13, f. 1-3 (f)

Paraplectana tsushimensis Yin et al., 1997d: 386, f. 278a-b (f)

Paraplectana tsushimensis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 302, f. 181R, 182D (f)

Paraplectana tsushimensis Tanikawa, 2007c: 50, f. 54-55, 462 (f)

Paraplectana tsushimensis Tanikawa, 2009: 428, f. 50 (f)

Paraplectana tsushimensis Tanikawa, 2011: 71, f. 2-3 (Dm)

Paraplectana tsushimensis Yin et al., 2012: 755, f. 377a-b (f)

Paraplectana tsushimensis Igarashi et al., 2017: 93, f. 1a-c (f)

Paraplectana walleri (Blackwall, 1865) | | West, Central, Southern Africa, Madagascar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016878

Eurysoma walleri Blackwall, 1865b: 349 (Df) Original description

Paraplectana walleri Simon, 1895a: 876, f. 941 (f)

Paraplectana walleri Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2022f: 28, p. 26: 1 f., p. 28: 5 f. (f)