World Spider Catalog

Araneidae Clerck, 1757

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: family name and authorship as per ICZN, 2009 Opinion 2224, after application by Kluge, 2007; Arkyinae L. Koch, 1872 (genera Arkys Walckenaer, 1837 and Demadiana Strand, 1929) elevated to Arkyidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 244; monophyly of Araneidae stated by Kallal et al., 2018: 138; Nephilinae Simon, 1894 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0111] elevated to family and relimited by Kuntner, 2006: 24, re-synonymized with Araneidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 244; Nephilinae and Phonognathinae Simon, 1894 (Simon, 1894a: 746 as Phonognatheae), the valid name for Zygiellinae Simon, 1929 sensu Wunderlich, 2004f, elevated to family by Kuntner et al., 2019: 563, not accepted by Scharff et al., 2020 and Kallal et al., 2020, and confirmed as family by Kuntner et al., 2023: 969-970 along with the separation of Paraplectanoididae Kuntner, Coddington, Agnarsson & Bond, 2023 (with the single genus Paraplectanoides Keyserling, 1886); Nephilinae and Phonognathinae downgraded to subfamily and Paraplectanoididae considered a synonym of Araneidae by Hormiga et al., 2023: 803; Oarcinae (Gnolus and Oarces) transferred from the Mimitidae to the Araneidae by Dimitrov et al., 2012: Suppl. 1, p. 15, re-transfer to the Mimetidae by Eskov & Marusik, 2023: 340 not accepted here (by majority vote of the WSC boards).

In synonymy:

Allepeira Banks, 1932 = Mecynogea Simon, 1903 (Levi, 1968a: 322)

Hentzia McCook, 1894 = Mecynogea Simon, 1903 (Levi, 1968a: 322, together with its replacement name Allepeira)

Gen. Mecynogea Simon, 1903 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01513

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Allepeira Banks, in Banks, Newport & Bird, 1932: 23 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05217] by Levi, 1968a: 322; Allepeira is a replacement name for Hentzia McCook, 1894: 244 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05228] (type Epeira basilica McCook, 1878 = Mecynogea lemniscata (Walckenaer, 1841)), preoccupied in Salticidae by Marx, 1883: 26.

Transferred to other genera:

Mecynogea carvalhoi Mello-Leitão, 1944 -- see Argiope

Mecynogea guianensis Mello-Leitão, 1948 -- see Manogea

Mecynogea guyanensis (Keyserling, 1881) -- see Manogea

In synonymy:

Mecynogea affinitata (Kraus, 1955) = Mecynogea lemniscata Walckenaer, 1841 (Levi, 1980a: 14)

Mecynogea basilica (McCook, 1878) = Mecynogea lemniscata Walckenaer, 1841 (Archer, 1940: 24, sub Allepeira conferta)

Mecynogea bimucronata (Mello-Leitão, 1936, T from Gea) = Mecynogea erythromela Holmberg, 1876 (Levi, 1997: 224)

Mecynogea bituberculata (Mello-Leitão, 1939, T from Mangora) = Mecynogea erythromela Holmberg, 1876 (Levi, 1997: 225)

Mecynogea chavona Levi, 1997 = Mecynogea infelix Soares & Camargo, 1948 (Martins & Santos, 2018: 425)

Mecynogea conferta (Hentz, 1850) = Mecynogea lemniscata Walckenaer, 1841 (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944: 93, sub Allepeira)

Mecynogea trivittata (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) = Mecynogea lemniscata Walckenaer, 1841 (Levi, 1997: 228)

Mecynogea tucumana Simon, 1903 = Mecynogea erythromela Holmberg, 1876 (Levi, 1997: 224)

Mecynogea wiedenmeyeri (Schenkel, 1953, T from Gea) = Mecynogea lemniscata Walckenaer, 1841 (Levi, 1997: 228)

Mecynogea apatzingan Levi, 1997 | | Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016393

Mecynogea apatzingan Levi, 1997: 232, f. 67-72 (Dmf) Original description

Mecynogea bigibba Simon, 1903 | | Brazil, Uruguay urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016394

Mecynogea bigibba Simon, 1903d: 25 (Df) Original description

Mecynogea bigibba Levi, 1997: 222, f. 1-25 (f, Dm, S of M. infelix, rejected by Martins & Santos, 2018: 424)

Mecynogea buique Levi, 1997 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016395

Mecynogea buique Levi, 1997: 229, f. 55-58 (Df) Original description

Mecynogea buique Martins & Santos, 2018: 433, f. 9A-D, 10A-B, 11A-C, 12A-D, 13A-D, 14B (Dm, f)

Mecynogea erythromela (Holmberg, 1876) | | Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, Chile urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016397

Zilla erythromela Holmberg, 1876: 15 (Df) Original description

Mecynogea tucumana Simon, 1903d: 25 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059954]

Mecynogea erythromela Mello-Leitão, 1933b: 33

Gea bimucronata Mello-Leitão, 1936d: 125, pl. 14 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059950]

Mangora bituberculata Mello-Leitão, 1939e: 63, f. 34-37 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059951]

Mecynogea tucumana Mello-Leitão, 1941d: 145, f. 41-43 (f, Dm)

Mecynogea erythromela Levi, 1997: 224, f. 26-33 (mf, removed from S of Alpaida leucogramma, contra Mello-Leitão, 1944b: 321 [sub Parepeira albostriata], S of Gea bimucronata, Mangora bituberculata and Mecynogea tucumana)

Mecynogea infelix (Soares & Camargo, 1948) | | Colombia, Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050272

Wixia infelix Soares & Camargo, 1948a: 378, f. 35 (Df)

Mecynogea infelix Levi, 1993b: 56 (Tf from Wixia)

Mecynogea chavona Levi, 1997: 230, f. 65-66 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016396] Original description

Mecynogea bigibba Levi, 1997: 222, f. 10-14 (in part, some f, misident. per Martins & Santos, 2018: 425)

Mecynogea lemniscata Levi, 1997: 227, f. 46-48 (in part, some f, misident. per Martins & Santos, 2018: 425)

Mecynogea infelix Martins & Santos, 2018: 424, f. 1A-D, 2A-C, 3A-B, 4A-E, 5A-D, 6A-H, 7A-F, 8A-D, 14A (mf, removed from S of M. bigibba, contra Levi, 1997: 222; S of M. chavona)

Mecynogea lemniscata (Walckenaer, 1841) | | USA to Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016398

Linyphia lemniscata Walckenaer, 1841: 263 (Df) Original description

Linyphia conferta Hentz, 1850: 30, pl. 4, f. 7 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059952]

Epeira basilica McCook, 1878a: 133, f. 1-3 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059949]

Argiope trivittata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889d: 51, pl. 4, f. 5-6 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059953]

Argiope basilica Marx, 1890a: 541

Hentzia basilica McCook, 1894: 244, pl. 14, f. 2, pl. 23, f. 8 (f)

Cyrtophora basilica Simon, 1895a: 771

Hentzia trivittata F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904: 523, pl. 51, f. 12-13 (mf)

Allepeira basilica Banks, Newport & Bird, 1932: 23

Allepeira conferta Archer, 1940: 24 (T from Linyphia, S of Allepeira basilica)

Allepeira lemniscata Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944: 93 (T from Linyphia, S of Allepeira conferta)

Allepeira lemniscata Exline, 1949: 311, f. 1-13 (mf)

Gea wiedenmeyeri Schenkel, 1953a: 17, f. 15a-b (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059955]

Allepeira affinitata Kraus, 1955b: 26, f. 54-56 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059948]

Allepeira lemniscata Wiehle, 1967b: 195, f. 53 (f)

Mecynogea lemniscata Levi, 1980a: 13, f. 1-15 (mf, S of Allepeira affinitata)

Mecynogea affinitata Brignoli, 1983c: 274

Mecynogea lemniscata Roth, 1985: B6-4, f. 19-20, 78-79 (mf)

Mecynogea lemniscata Breene et al., 1993: 105, f. 158A-C (mf)

Mecynogea lemniscata Levi, 1997: 228, f. 40-54 (mf, S of Gea wiedenmeyeri and Mecynogea trivittata)

Mecynogea lemniscata Levi, 2002: 553, f. 239-240 (m)

Mecynogea lemniscata Martins & Santos, 2018: 440, f. 14C-D (m)

Mecynogea martiana (Archer, 1958) | | Cuba, Hispaniola urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016399

Allepeira martiana Archer, 1958: 6, f. 12-13, 26 (Dmf) Original description

Mecynogea martiana Brignoli, 1983c: 274

Mecynogea martiana Levi, 1997: 232, f. 73-78 (mf)

Mecynogea ocosingo Levi, 1997 | | Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016400

Mecynogea ocosingo Levi, 1997: 230, f. 59-64 (Dmf) Original description

Mecynogea sucre Levi, 1997 | | Venezuela, Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016401

Mecynogea sucre Levi, 1997: 228, f. 34-39 (Dmf) Original description