Araneidae Clerck, 1757

Family |   ACCEPTED
N.B.: family name and authorship as per ICZN, 2009 Opinion 2224, after application by Kluge, 2007; Arkyinae L. Koch, 1872 (genera Arkys Walckenaer, 1837 and Demadiana Strand, 1929) elevated to Arkyidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 244; monophyly of Araneidae stated by Kallal et al., 2018: 138; Nephilinae Simon, 1894 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0111] elevated to family and relimited by Kuntner, 2006: 24, re-synonymized with Araneidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 244; Nephilinae and Phonognathinae Simon, 1894 (Simon, 1894a: 746 as Phonognatheae), the valid name for Zygiellinae Simon, 1929 sensu Wunderlich, 2004f, elevated to family by Kuntner et al., 2019: 563, not accepted by Scharff et al., 2020 and Kallal et al., 2020, and confirmed as family by Kuntner et al., 2023: 969-970 along with the separation of Paraplectanoididae Kuntner, Coddington, Agnarsson & Bond, 2023 (with the single genus Paraplectanoides Keyserling, 1886); Nephilinae and Phonognathinae downgraded to subfamily and Paraplectanoididae considered a synonym of Araneidae by Hormiga et al., 2023: 803; Oarcinae (Gnolus and Oarces) transferred from the Mimitidae to the Araneidae by Dimitrov et al., 2012: Suppl. 1, p. 15, re-transfer to the Mimetidae by Eskov & Marusik, 2023: 340 not accepted here (by majority vote of the WSC boards).

In synonymy:

Agathostichus Simon, 1897 = Mastophora Holmberg, 1876 (Levi, 2003: 315)

Glyptocranium Simon, 1895 = Mastophora Holmberg, 1876 (Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 65)

Gen. Mastophora Holmberg, 1876 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01512
N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Glyptocranium Simon, 1895a: 885 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:04559] (type Epeira cornigera Hentz, 1850) by Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 65 and of Agathostichus Simon, 1897b: 473 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01432] (type A. leucacantha Simon, 1897) (already used with the spelling Agatostichus by Simon, 1895a: 885 as a generic nomen nudum) by Levi, 2003: 315.

Transferred to other genera:

Mastophora fasciolata (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) -- see Kaira

In synonymy:

Mastophora bicurvata (Becker, 1879, T from Cyrtarachne) = Mastophora cornigera Hentz, 1850 (Keyserling, 1892: 40, sub Ordgarius)

Mastophora fragoides (Vellard, 1926) = Mastophora carpogastra Mello-Leitão, 1925 (Gertsch, 1955: 232)

Mastophora gasteracanthoides oxalidis Archer, 1963 = Mastophora gasteracanthoides Nicolet, 1849 (Levi, 2003: 374)

Mastophora intermedia Mello-Leitão, 1945 = Mastophora extraordinaria Holmberg, 1876 (Levi, 2003: 357)

Mastophora lenca Gertsch, 1955 = Mastophora corpulenta Banks, 1898 (Levi, 2003: 364)

Mastophora multilineata (Atkinson, 1888, T from Cyrtarachne = Epeira) = Mastophora bisaccata Emerton, 1884 (Petrunkevitch, 1911: 546, sub Glyptocranium)

Mastophora obesa (Banks, 1898) = Mastophora bisaccata Emerton, 1884 (Levi, 2003: 330)

Mastophora pickeli occidentalis Schenkel, 1953 = Mastophora fasciata Reimoser, 1939 (Levi, 2003: 348)

Nomen dubium:

Mastophora cinerea Mello-Leitão, 1943c: 105, f. 4 (j, Argentina) -- Levi, 2003: 357

Mastophora abalosi Urtubey & Báez, 1983 | | Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016362
Mastophora abalosi Urtubey & Báez, 1983: 3, f. 1-11 (Df) Original description
Mastophora abalosi Levi, 2003: 356, f. 265-268 (f)
Mastophora alachua Levi, 2003 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038626
Mastophora alachua Levi, 2003: 330, f. 40-50 (Dmf) Original description
Mastophora alvareztoroi Ibarra & Jiménez, 2003 | | USA, Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038627
Mastophora alvareztoroi Ibarra & Jiménez in Levi, 2003: 360, f. 296-307 (Dmf) Original description
Mastophora apalachicola Levi, 2003 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038628
Mastophora apalachicola Levi, 2003: 326, f. 15-21 (Df) Original description
Mastophora archeri Gertsch, 1955 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016363
Mastophora archeri Gertsch, 1955: 239, f. 6-9, 36, 45-46 (Dmf) Original description
Mastophora archeri Levi, 2003: 346, f. 183-193 (mf)
Mastophora bisaccata (Emerton, 1884) | | USA, Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016364
Cyrtarachne bisaccata Emerton, 1884: 325, pl. 34, f. 11 (Df) Original description
Cyrtarachne multilineata Atkinson, 1888a: 546 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058048]
Cyrtarachne multilineata Atkinson, 1888b: 29 (Df)
Ordgarius bisaccatus Keyserling, 1892: 42, pl. 2, f. 35 (f)
Ordgarius bisaccatus McCook, 1894: 198, pl. 12, f. 2-3 (f, Dm)
Glyptocranium bisaccatum Simon, 1895a: 882
Ordgarius obesus Banks, 1898b: 250, pl. 15, f. 9 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016386]
Glyptocranium obesum Petrunkevitch, 1911: 347
Glyptocranium bisaccatum Petrunkevitch, 1911: 346 (S of Cyrtarachne = Epeira multilineata)
Mastophora bisaccata Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 71
Mastophora obesa Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 72, f. 1, 13 (f)
Mastophora bisaccata Kaston, 1948: 232, f. 737-740 (f)
Mastophora bisaccata Gertsch, 1955: 242, f. 19-23, 35, 43-44 (mf)
Mastophora bisaccata Levi, 1978b: 13, f. 18-20 (m)
Mastophora bisaccata Levi, 2003: 330, f. 1, 6, 51-62 (mf, S of Mastophora obesa)
Mastophora brescoviti Levi, 2003 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038629
Mastophora brescoviti Levi, 2003: 363, f. 322-328 (Df) Original description
Mastophora caesariata Levi, 2006 | | Costa Rica urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040037
Mastophora caesariata Levi in Eberhard & Levi, 2006: 337, f. 1-7 (Df) Original description
Mastophora caesariata Sherwood, 2020: 244 (authorship corrected)
Mastophora carpogastra Mello-Leitão, 1925 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016365
Mastophora carpogastra Mello-Leitão, 1925a: 460 (Df) Original description
Glyptocranium fragoides Vellard, 1926: 327 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058047]
Mastophora carpogastra Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 72, f. 3, 15 (f)
Mastophora carpogastra Gertsch, 1955: 232 (S of Glyptocranium fragoides; removed from S of Mastophora corpulenta, rejecting Roewer, 1942a: 901)
Mastophora carpogastra Levi, 2003: 340, f. 128-134 (f)
Mastophora catarina Levi, 2003 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038630
Mastophora catarina Levi, 2003: 339, f. 100-106 (Df) Original description
Mastophora comma Báez & Urtubey, 1985 | | Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016367
Mastophora comma Báez & Urtubey, 1985: 3, f. 1-10 (Df) Original description
Mastophora comma Levi, 2003: 356, f. 269-273 (f)
Mastophora conica Levi, 2006 | | Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040038
Mastophora conica Levi, 2006: 244, f. 1-7 (Df) Original description
Mastophora conifera (Holmberg, 1876) | | Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016368
Heterocephala conifera Holmberg, 1876: 20 (Df) Original description
Mastophora conifera Brèthes, 1909b: 163
Mastophora conifera Canals, 1931a: 18, f. 1-5, pl. 1, f. 2 (f)
Mastophora conifera Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 71, f. 4, 16 (f)
Mastophora conifera Levi, 2003: 364, f. 329-335 (f)
Mastophora cornigera (Hentz, 1850) | | USA to Nicaragua urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016369
Epeira cornigera Hentz, 1850: 20, pl. 3, f. 8 (Df) Original description
Cyrtarachne cornigera Keyserling, 1879: 300, pl. 4, f. 4 (f) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058049]
Cyrtarachne bicurvata Becker, 1879a: 77, pl. 2. f. 16-19 (Df)
Ordgarius cornigerus Keyserling, 1892: 40, pl. 2, f. 34 (f, S of Cyrtarachne bicurvata)
Ordgarius cornigerus McCook, 1894: 197, pl. 12, f. 1 (f)
Glyptocranium cornigerum Simon, 1895a: 885
Mastophora cornigera Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 70, f. 9, 20 (f)
Mastophora cornigera Gertsch, 1955: 233, f. 1-5, 37, 41-42 (f, Dm)
Mastophora cornigera Levi, 2003: 344, f. 169-182 (mf)
Mastophora corpulenta (Banks, 1898) | | Mexico, Honduras, Nicaragua, Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016370
Ordgarius corpulentus Banks, 1898b: 251, pl. 15, f. 8 (Df) Original description
Glyptocranium corpulentum Petrunkevitch, 1911: 347
Mastophora corpulenta Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 72, f. 8 (f)
Mastophora corpulenta Roewer, 1942a: 901 (S of Glyptocranium fragoides, sub fagoides; rejected by Gertsch, 1955: 232)
Mastophora lenca Gertsch, 1955: 247, f. 28-30, 32-33 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016383]
Mastophora corpulenta Levi, 2003: 364, f. 336-342 (f, S of Mastophora lenca)
Mastophora corpulenta Basiuk, 2016: 159, f. 1, 2a-h, 3a-b (f)
Mastophora corumbatai Levi, 2003 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040939
Mastophora corumbatai Levi, 2003: 339, f. 114-120 (Df) Original description
Mastophora cranion Mello-Leitão, 1928 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016371
Mastophora cranion Mello-Leitão, 1928b: 49, f. 1 (Df) Original description
Mastophora cranion Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 72, f. 2, 14 (f)
Mastophora cranion Levi, 2003: 351, f. 223-229 (f)
Mastophora diablo Levi, 2003 | | Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038352
Mastophora gasteracanthoides Canals, 1931a: 19, f. 1-5, pl. 2, f. 4 (f, misidentified)
Mastophora gasteracanthoides Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 69, f. 12, 23 (f, misidentified)
Mastophora diablo Levi, 2003: 372, f. 4, 399-407 (Df) Original description
Mastophora dizzydeani Eberhard, 1981 | | Colombia, Peru urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016372
Mastophora dizzydeani Eberhard, 1981: 144, f. 1-9 (Dmf) Original description
Mastophora dizzydeani Levi, 2003: 350, f. 205-215 (mf)
Mastophora escomeli Levi, 2003 | | Peru urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038631
Mastophora escomeli Levi, 2003: 366, f. 351-361 (Dmf) Original description
Mastophora extraordinaria Holmberg, 1876 | | Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016373
Mastophora extraordinaria Holmberg, 1876: 20 (Df) Original description
Mastophora extraordinaria Canals, 1931a: 17, f. 1-5, pl. 1, f. 1 (f)
Mastophora extraordinaria Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 70, f. 7, 19 (f)
Mastophora intermedia Mello-Leitão, 1945b: 240, f. 14-17 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016382]
Mastophora extraordinaria Levi, 2003: 357, f. 281-287 (f, S of Mastophora intermedia)
Mastophora extraordinaria Costa et al., 2021: 17, f. 1A-E, 2A-E (Dm, f)
Mastophora fasciata Reimoser, 1939 | | Costa Rica, Venezuela urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016374
Mastophora fasciata Reimoser, 1939: 356, f. 8 (Df) Original description
Mastophora pickeli occidentalis Schenkel, 1953a: 29 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016390]
Mastophora fasciata Levi, 2003: 348, f. 194-204 (Dm, f, S of Mastophora pickeli occidentalis)
Mastophora felda Levi, 2003 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038632
Mastophora felda Levi, 2003: 326, f. 22-28 (Df) Original description
Mastophora felis Piza, 1976 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016376
Mastophora felis Piza, 1976c: 83, f. 1 (Df) Original description
Mastophora felis Levi, 2003: 369, f. 366-372 (f)
Mastophora gasteracanthoides (Nicolet, 1849) | | Chile urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016377
Epeira gasteracanthoides Nicolet, 1849: 485, pl. 5, f. 7 (Df) Original description
Ordgarius gasteracanthoides Keyserling, 1892: 43, pl. 7, f. 36 (f)
Glyptocranium gasteracanthoides Simon, 1895a: 882, f. 946 (f)
Mastophora gasteracanthoides Porter, 1917: 131, f. 77 (f)
Mastophora gasteracanthoides oxalidis Archer, 1963: 19 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016378]
Mastophora gasteracanthoides Levi, 2002: 559, f. 314-315 (m)
Mastophora gasteracanthoides Levi, 2003: 374, f. 5, 7, 408-421 (mf, S of Mastophora gasteracanthoides oxalidis)
Mastophora gasteracanthoides Taucare-Ríos & Cerpa, 2018: 489, f. 2A-C (f)
Mastophora haywardi Birabén, 1946 | | Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016379
Mastophora haywardi Birabén, 1946: 327, f. 1-3 (Df) Original description
Mastophora haywardi Levi, 2003: 339, f. 107-113 (f)
Mastophora holmbergi Canals, 1931 | | Paraguay, Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016380
Mastophora holmbergi Canals, 1931a: 22, f. 1-5, pl. 3, f. 5, pl. 4, f. 7-8 (Df) Original description
Mastophora holmbergi Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 73, f. 10, 21 (f)
Mastophora holmbergi Levi, 2003: 369, f. 373-379 (f)
Mastophora hutchinsoni Gertsch, 1955 | | USA, Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016381
Mastophora cornigera Kaston, 1948: 231, f. 741-742 (f, misidentified)
Mastophora hutchinsoni Gertsch, 1955: 236, f. 10-14, 39, 47-48 (Dmf) Original description
Mastophora hutchinsoni Levi, 2003: 342, f. 153-168 (mf)
Mastophora hutchinsoni Dondale et al., 2003: 130, f. 264-270 (mf)
Mastophora hutchinsoni Paquin et al., 2008c: 30, f. 9-13 (mf)
Mastophora lara Levi, 2003 | | Venezuela urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040929
Mastophora lara Levi, 2003: 340, f. 121-127 (Df) Original description
Mastophora leucabulba (Gertsch, 1955) | | USA to Honduras urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014468
Agatostichus leucabulba Gertsch, 1955: 250, f. 34, 38, 40 (Df) Original description
Mastophora leucabulba Levi, 2003: 358, f. 288-295 (f, Dm)
Mastophora leucacantha (Simon, 1897) | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014469
Agatostichus leucacantha Simon, 1895a: 885, f. 947 (nomen nudum)
Agathostichus leucacantha Simon, 1897b: 473 (Dj) Original description
Mastophora leucacantha Levi, 2003: 362, f. 315-321 (Df, T from Agathostichus)
Mastophora longiceps Mello-Leitão, 1940 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016384
Masthophora longiceps Mello-Leitão, 1940a: 57, f. 5a-c (Df) Original description
Mastophora longiceps Levi, 2003: 351, f. 230-236 (f)
Mastophora melloleitaoi Canals, 1931 | | Brazil, Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016385
Mastophora mello-leitaõi Canals, 1931a: 20, f. 1-5, pl. 2, f. 4 (Df) Original description
Mastophora mello-leitaõi Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 73, f. 5, 17 (f)
Mastophora melloleitaoi Levi, 2003: 356, f. 274-280 (f)
Mastophora obtusa Mello-Leitão, 1936 | j | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016387
Mastophora obtusa Mello-Leitão, 1936b: 134, f. 2 (Dj) Original description
Mastophora obtusa Levi, 2003: 368, f. 362-365 (j)
Mastophora pesqueiro Levi, 2003 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038633
Mastophora pesqueiro Levi, 2003: 352, f. 237-243 (Df) Original description
Mastophora phrynosoma Gertsch, 1955 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016388
Mastophora phrynosoma Gertsch, 1955: 245, f. 24-27, 31 (Df) Original description
Mastophora phrynosoma Levi, 2003: 336, f. 86-99 (f, Dm)
Mastophora pickeli Mello-Leitão, 1931 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016389
Mastophora pickeli Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 73, f. 6, 18, 24 (Df) Original description
Mastophora pickeli Levi, 2003: 350, f. 216-222 (f)
Mastophora piras Levi, 2003 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038634
Mastophora piras Levi, 2003: 352, f. 244-250 (Df) Original description
Mastophora rabida Levi, 2003 | | Ecuador (Galapagos Is.) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038635
Mastophora rabida Levi, 2003: 366, f. 343-350 (Df) Original description
Mastophora rabida Baert, 2013b: 65, f. 1-5 (Dm)
Mastophora reimoseri Levi, 2003 | | Paraguay urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038636
Mastophora reimoseri Levi, 2003: 370, f. 380-386 (Df) Original description
Mastophora satan Canals, 1931 | | Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016391
Mastophora satan Canals, 1931a: 25, f. 1-5, pl. 3, f. 6 (Df) Original description
Mastophora satan Mello-Leitão, 1931b: 73, f. 11, 22 (f)
Mastophora satan Levi, 2003: 370, f. 387-398 (f, Dm)
Mastophora satsuma Levi, 2003 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038637
Mastophora satsuma Levi, 2003: 325, f. 8-14 (Df) Original description
Mastophora seminole Levi, 2003 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038638
Mastophora seminole Levi, 2003: 341, f. 135-141 (Df) Original description
Mastophora soberiana Levi, 2003 | | Panama urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038639
Mastophora soberiana Levi, 2003: 362, f. 308-314 (Df) Original description
Mastophora stowei Levi, 2003 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038640
Mastophora stowei Levi, 2003: 334, f. 63-74 (Dmf) Original description
Mastophora timuqua Levi, 2003 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038641
Mastophora timuqua Levi, 2003: 328, f. 29-39 (Dmf) Original description
Mastophora vaquera Gertsch, 1955 | | Cuba urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016392
Mastophora vaquera Gertsch, 1955: 240, f. 15-18 (Df) Original description
Mastophora vaquera Levi, 2003: 342, f. 142-152 (f)
Mastophora vaquera Levi, 2006: 244, f. 8-11 (Dm)
Mastophora yacare Levi, 2003 | | Uruguay urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038642
Mastophora yacare Levi, 2003: 354, f. 258-264 (Df) Original description
Mastophora yeargani Levi, 2003 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038643
Mastophora yeargani Levi, 2003: 336, f. 75-85 (Dmf) Original description
Mastophora ypiranga Levi, 2003 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038644
Mastophora ypiranga Levi, 2003: 354, f. 251-257 (Df) Original description

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