World Spider Catalog

Uloboridae Thorell, 1869

Family | ACCEPTED

In synonymy:

Cyllopodia Hentz, 1847 = Hyptiotes Walckenaer, 1837 (Wilder, 1875: 642)

Mithras C. L. Koch, 1834 = Hyptiotes Walckenaer, 1837 (Thorell, 1869: 67, preoccupied)

Gen. Hyptiotes Walckenaer, 1837 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03358

type Uptiotes anceps Walckenaer, 1837; gender masculine; syn. of Hyptiotes paradoxus (C. L. Koch, 1834)

N.B.: the original spelling was Uptiotes, but Hyptiotes is amply protected by usage under the current Code; considered a synonym of Mithras C. L. Koch, 1834: 123 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05603] (type M. paradoxus C. L. Koch, 1834), preoccupied in Lepidoptera by Hübner, 1819, by Thorell, 1869: 67; considered a senior synonym of Cyllopoda Hentz, 1847: 466 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05602] (type C. cavata Hentz, 1847) by Wilder, 1875: 642.

Transferred to other genera:

Hyptiotes zenzesi Mello-Leitão, 1945 -- see Miagrammopes

In synonymy:

Hyptiotes alpinus (C. Koch, 1874) = Hyptiotes paradoxus (C. L. Koch, 1834) (Bertkau, 1880b: Corr.bl. 158)

Hyptiotes americanus Wilder, 1875 = Hyptiotes cavatus (Hentz, 1847) (Emerton, 1888: 456)

Hyptiotes anceps Walckenaer, 1837 = Hyptiotes paradoxus (C. L. Koch, 1834) (C. L. Koch, 1845: 94, sub Mithras)

Hyptiotes anceps schreberi Walckenaer, 1837 = Hyptiotes paradoxus (C. L. Koch, 1834) (Thorell, 1870a: 43)

Hyptiotes dubius (Blackwall, 1862) = Hyptiotes flavidus (Blackwall, 1862) (Simon, 1914: 31)

Hyptiotes mithras (Walckenaer, 1837, T from Scytodes) = Hyptiotes paradoxus (C. L. Koch, 1834) (C. L. Koch, 1845: 94, sub Mithras)

Hyptiotes undulatus (C. L. Koch, 1845) = Hyptiotes paradoxus (C. L. Koch, 1834) (Thorell, 1870a: 43)

Nomen dubium:

Hyptiotes longipes Giebel, 1863: 315 (f, Egypt) -- Roewer, 1955c: 1702

Hyptiotes affinis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 | | India, China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006218

Hyptiotes affinis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 108, pl. 15, f. 393 (Df) Original description

Hyptiotes affinis Strand, 1918: 90, pl. 2, f. 10 (f)

Hyptiotes affinis Paik, 1978e: 188, f. 76.1-3 (mf)

Hyptiotes affinis Yoshida, 1982c: 18, f. 1-2 (m)

Hyptiotes affinis Hu, 1984: 62, f. 57.1-5 (f)

Hyptiotes affinis Yaginuma, 1986a: 14, f. 9.7 (m)

Hyptiotes affinis Song, 1987: 80, f. 44 (mf)

Hyptiotes affinis Chikuni, 1989b: 24, f. 7 (mf)

Hyptiotes affinis Feng, 1990: 39, f. 14.1-6 (mf)

Hyptiotes affinis Chen & Gao, 1990: 29, f. 32 (f)

Hyptiotes affinis Chen & Zhang, 1991: 45, f. 36.1-3 (mf)

Hyptiotes affinis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 81, f. 33H-I, N (mf)

Hyptiotes affinis Kim & Lee, 1999: 6, f. 1-5 (mf)

Hyptiotes affinis Song, Zhu & Chen, 2001: 85, f. 38A-C (mf)

Hyptiotes affinis Namkung, 2002: 68, f. 11.1a-b (mf)

Hyptiotes affinis Namkung, 2003: 70, f. 11.1a-b (mf)

Hyptiotes affinis Yoshida, 2009b: 143, f. 2, 17-20 (mf)

Hyptiotes affinis Kim & Lee, 2013: 21, f. 9A-D, pl. 3 (mf)

Hyptiotes affinis Baba & Tanikawa, 2015: 14, 4 f. (mf)

Hyptiotes affinis Ono & Ogata, 2018: 657 (S of Hyptiotes montanius Kishida, 1914, but this species is not in the catalog)

Hyptiotes affinis Chatterjee et al., 2018a: 212, f. 1-4 (m)

Hyptiotes akermani Wiehle, 1964 | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006219

Hyptiotes akermani Wiehle, 1964a: 84, f. 4 (Df) Original description

Hyptiotes akermani Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020s: 7, 4: 1 f., 6: 2 f., 7: 4 f. (f)

Hyptiotes analis Simon, 1892 | j | Sri Lanka urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006220

Hyptiotes analis Simon, 1892a: 219 (Dj) Original description

Hyptiotes cavatus (Hentz, 1847) | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006221

Cyllopodia cavata Hentz, 1847: 466, pl. 30, f. 3 (Df) Original description

Hyptiotes americanus Wilder, 1875: 642 (T from Cyllopodia, superfluous new name) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:064943]

Hyptiotes cavatus McCook, 1881: 168, f. 6-9 (f)

Hyptiotes cavatus Emerton, 1888: 456, pl. 11, f. 2 (mf, S of Hyptiotes americanus)

Hyptiotes cavatus McCook, 1894: 276, pl. 27, f. 7 (mf)

Hyptiotes cavatus Emerton, 1902: 218, f. 498-500 (mf)

Hyptiotes cavatus Comstock, 1912: 270, f. 245-248

Hyptiotes cavatus Wiehle, 1929: 300, f. 22, 23 (f)

Hyptiotes cavatus Kaston, 1948: 514, f. 1959-1963, 1980-1984, 2078 (mf)

Hyptiotes cavatus Muma & Gertsch, 1964: 13, f. 6-11, 13-17 (mf)

Hyptiotes cavatus Shear, 1967: 15, f. 47-49 (m)

Hyptiotes cavatus Opell, 1979: 485, f. 55-61, 63-64 (mf)

Hyptiotes cavatus Opell, 1983b: 98, f. 1-10 (f)

Hyptiotes cavatus Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 239, f. 2690-2693 (mf)

Hyptiotes cavatus Dondale et al., 2003: 36, f. 19-24 (mf)

Hyptiotes dentatus Wunderlich, 2008 | | France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042024

Hyptiotes dentatus Wunderlich, 2008d: 679, f. 2, 5-10 (Dm) Original description

Hyptiotes dentatus Le Peru, 2011: 334, f. 577 (m)

Hyptiotes dentatus Wunderlich, 2017b: 305, f. 9-10 (m)

Hyptiotes fabaceus Dong, Zhu & Yoshida, 2005 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039734

Hyptiotes fabaceus Dong, Zhu & Yoshida, 2005: 82, f. 1-3 (Df) Original description

Hyptiotes flavidus (Blackwall, 1862) | | Madeira, Mediterranean, Russia (Europe), Caucasus urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006222

Mithras flavidus Blackwall, 1862a: 373 (Dm) Original description

Mithras dubius Blackwall, 1862a: 375 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:064944]

Hyptiotes flavidus Simon, 1914: 29, 31, f. 52-53 (mf, S of Hyptiotes dubius)

Hyptiotes flavidus Wiehle, 1929: 295, f. 17, 20 (f)

Hyptiotes flavidus Wiehle, 1964a: 81, f. 2, 9 (mf)

Hyptiotes flavidus Barrientos et al., 1985: 222, f. 1 (m)

Hyptiotes flavidus Wunderlich, 2008d: 678, fig. 13 (m, S of Hyptiotes gerhardi, revalidated by Wunderlich, 2017b: 305)

Hyptiotes flavidus Le Peru, 2011: 334, f. 578 (mf)

Hyptiotes flavidus Wunderlich, 2017b: 304, f. 16-19 (mf)

Hyptiotes flavidus Bosselaers, 2018b: 39, f. 48-49, photo 93-94 (mf)

Hyptiotes flavidus Breitling, 2020: 359, 39A-B (mf)

Hyptiotes flavidus Hänggi & Gloor, 2020: 90, f. 6 (mf)

Hyptiotes flavidus Lecigne, Moutaouakil & Lips, 2025: 149, f. 94M-P (mf)

Hyptiotes gerhardti Wiehle, 1929 | | Greece, Caucasus (Russia, Georgia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006223

Hyptiotes gerhardti Wiehle, 1929: 295, f. 19 (Df) Original description

Hyptiotes gerhardti Wiehle, 1964a: 81, f. 1, 3, 5-8 (Dm, f)

Hyptiotes gerhardti Wunderlich, 2017b: 305, f. 11-15, photo 132-134 (mf, removed from S of Hyptiotes flavidus, rejecting Wunderlich, 2008d: 678)

Hyptiotes gerhardti Seropian et al., 2023: 293, f. 135 (m)

Hyptiotes gertschi Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 | | Alaska, Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006224

Hyptiotes gertschi Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935b: 12, pl. 6, f. 38-39 (Df) Original description

Hyptiotes gertschi Muma & Gertsch, 1964: 15, f. 19, 24-30 (f, Dm)

Hyptiotes gertschi Opell, 1979: 485, f. 9-10, pl. 4A-D (m)

Hyptiotes gertschi Coddington, 1990: 12, f. 37 (m)

Hyptiotes gertschi Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 239, f. 2694-2697 (mf)

Hyptiotes gertschi Dondale et al., 2003: 38, f. 25-30 (mf)

Hyptiotes himalayensis Tikader, 1981 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006225

Hyptiotes himalayensis Tikader, 1981b: 154, f. 1-4 (Df) Original description

Hyptiotes indicus Simon, 1905 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006226

Hyptiotes indicus Simon, 1905a: 163 (Df) Original description

Hyptiotes nonggang Huang, Yin, Cai & Xu, 2023 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058503

Hyptiotes nonggang Huang et al., 2023: 67, f. 2A-C, 3A-D, 4A-C, 5A-C, 6A-C, 7A-B, 8A-C, 9A-B (Dmf) Original description

Hyptiotes paradoxus (C. L. Koch, 1834) | | Europe, Algeria, Tunisia, Turkey, Caucasus, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006227 TYPE SPECIES

Mithras paradoxus C. L. Koch, 1834: 123, f. 9 (Df) Original description

Scytodes mithras Walckenaer, 1837: 275 (superfluous new name for Mithras paradoxus) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065066]

Uptiotes anceps Walckenaer, 1837: 277 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065067]

Uptiotes anceps schreberi Walckenaer, 1837: 278 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065068]

Mithras paradoxus C. L. Koch, 1845: 94, f. 1023-1024 (Dmf, S of Scytodes mithras and Uptiotes anceps)

Mithras undulatus C. L. Koch, 1845: 96, f. 1025 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065069]

Uptiota mithras Simon, 1864: 184

Hyptiotes paradoxus Thorell, 1869: 67 (T from Mithras)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Thorell, 1870a: 43 (S of Hyptiotes anceps schreberi and H. undulatus)

Mithras alpinus C. Koch, 1874: 192 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065070]

Hyptiotes paradoxus Lebert, 1877: 144, f. 26 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Bertkau, 1880b: Corr.bl. 158 (S of Mithras alpinus)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 148, pl. 6, f. 17 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Simon, 1892a: 219, f. 162-163 (m)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 309, pl. 10, f. 71

Hyptiotes paradoxus Bösenberg, 1901: 55, pl. 4, f. 49 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Engelhardt, 1910: 43, f. 5-6 (f)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Lessert, 1910b: 15, f. 9-10 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Simon, 1914: 29, 31, f. 50-51 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Gerhardt, 1921: 100, f. 10 (m)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Wiehle, 1929: 296, f. 16, 18, 21 (f)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Reimoser, 1930b: 15, f. 5 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Drensky, 1939b: 243, f. 20, 21 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Gerhardt, 1944: 16, f. 14 (m)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Locket & Millidge, 1951: 71, f. 31, 32C-F (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Wiehle, 1953: 119, f. 252-261 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Wiehle, 1953: 119, f. 259 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Brændegaard, 1966: 61, f. 52-54 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Lehtinen, 1967: 464, f. 515-516 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Loksa, 1969: 58, f. 39D-F, 40 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Waaler, 1970b: 103, f. 2-3 (f)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Opell, 1979: 485, f. 62 (f)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Chen, 1982: 85, f. 1-4 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Zhu & Sha, 1983: 163, f. A-D (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Hu, 1983: 13, f. 6A-E (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Roberts, 1985: 56, f. 17a, d (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Wunderlich, 1986: 210, f. 205-206

Hyptiotes paradoxus Chen & Zhang, 1991: 46, f. 37.1-4 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 56, f. 118 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Roberts, 1995: 90, f. (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Mcheidze, 1997: 60, f. 53 (f)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Roberts, 1998: 94, f. (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 81, f. 33J-K, 34A (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Wunderlich, 2004e: 857, f. 1-2 (m)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Almquist, 2006: 43, f. 74a-f (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Wunderlich, 2008d: 680, f. 1, 10-12 (m)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Le Peru, 2011: 334, f. 579 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Yin et al., 2012: 214, f. 61a-e (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Wunderlich, 2017b: 304, f. 3-8 (mf)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Ponomarev et al., 2021: 372, f. 23-24 (f)

Hyptiotes paradoxus Huang et al., 2023: 73, f. 10A-C, 11A-B, 12A-C, 13A-C, 14A-C, 15A-B, 16A-C, 17 (mf)

Hyptiotes puebla Muma & Gertsch, 1964 | | USA, Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006228

Hyptiotes puebla Muma & Gertsch, 1964: 14, f. 18, 20, 23, 33-34 (Dmf) Original description

Hyptiotes puebla Wunderlich, 2008d: 684, f. 14-15 (mf)

Hyptiotes puebla Luna & García-Barrios, 2018: 119, f. 2A-B (m, f habitus)

Hyptiotes solanus Dong, Zhu & Yoshida, 2005 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039735

Hyptiotes solanus Dong, Zhu & Yoshida, 2005: 82, f. 4-8 (Dmf) Original description

Hyptiotes tehama Muma & Gertsch, 1964 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006229

Hyptiotes tehama Muma & Gertsch, 1964: 16, f. 21-22, 31-32 (Dmf) Original description

Hyptiotes xinlongensis Liu, Wang & Peng, 1991 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006230

Hyptiotes xinlongensis Liu, Wang & Peng, 1991: 262, f. 1-2 (Df) Original description

Hyptiotes xinlongensis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 81, f. 33L-M (f)