World Spider Catalog

Thomisidae Sundevall, 1833

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: Includes Aphantochilidae as "a subfamily related to the Strophiinae" (Ono, 1988c: 217-218, after Homann, 1975: 184; see also Benjamin, 2011: 8 and Teixeira, Campos & Lise, 2014: 73). Separation of Borboropactidae Wunderlich, 2004 (Wunderlich, 2004m: 1738, Murphy & Roberts, 2015: viii) not sufficiently justified and is not accepted here. Lehtinen, 2016 splits the family into five families, i.e. Thomisidae s. str., Borboropactidae Wunderlich, 2004, Stephanopidae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871, Stiphropidae Simon, 1886 [sub Stiphropodidae; for nomenclatural author and year see Simon, 1886b: 170] and Bomidae Simon, 1886 [for nomenclatural author and year see Simon, 1886b: 173]; because of lack of a phylogenetic analysis and partly unclear limitations this splitting is not accepted; the family is not monophyletic per Kulkarni, Wood & Hormiga, 2023: 518, f. 17-18.

In synonymy:

Machomenus Marx, 1893 = Runcinia Simon, 1875 (Lessert, 1919: 191)

Gen. Runcinia Simon, 1875 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02748

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Machomenus Marx, 1893: 589 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01893] (type M. albidus Marx, 1893) by Lessert, 1919: 191.

Transferred to other genera:

Runcinia elongata (Stoliczka, 1869) -- see Thomisus

Runcinia plana Simon, 1895 -- see Uraarachne

In synonymy:

Runcinia advecticia (Simon, 1909, T from Plancinus) = Runcinia insecta L. Koch, 1875 (Lehtinen, 2004: 175, sub R. affinis)

Runcinia affinis Simon, 1897 = Runcinia insecta L. Koch, 1875 (Szymkowiak, 2014: 450)

Runcinia albostriata Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 = Runcinia insecta L. Koch, 1875 (Lehtinen, 2004: 175, sub R. affinis)

Runcinia annamita Simon, 1903 = Runcinia insecta L. Koch, 1875 (Lehtinen, 2004: 175, sub R. affinis)

Runcinia cataracta Lawrence, 1927 = Runcinia insecta L. Koch, 1875 (Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1980a: 317, sub R. affinis)

Runcinia cerina (C. L. Koch, 1845) = Runcinia grammica C. L. Koch, 1837 (Benoit, 1977f: 82)

Runcinia chauhani Sen & Basu, 1972 = Runcinia insecta L. Koch, 1875 (Lehtinen, 2004: 176, sub R. affinis)

Runcinia cherapunjea (Tikader, 1966, T from Thomisus) = Runcinia insecta L. Koch, 1875 (Lehtinen, 2004: 176, sub R. affinis)

Runcinia littorina Lawrence, 1942 = Runcinia flavida Simon, 1881 (Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1980a: 307)

Runcinia proxima Lessert, 1919 = Runcinia flavida Simon, 1881 (Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1980a: 307)

Runcinia proxima voltaensis Millot, 1942 = Runcinia flavida Simon, 1881 (Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1980a: 307)

Runcinia sangasanga Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 = Runcinia insecta L. Koch, 1875 (Lehtinen, 2004: 176, sub R. affinis)

Runcinia sjostedti Lessert, 1919 = Runcinia johnstoni Lessert, 1919 (Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1980a: 310)

Nomina dubia:

Runcinia longipes Strand, 1906b: 625 (j, Ethiopia) -- Nentwig et al., 2020: 27

Runcinia oculifrons Strand, 1907d: 734, Strand, 1907o: 79 (m, Madagascar) -- Nentwig et al., 2020: 27

Runcinia acuminata (Thorell, 1881) | | Bangladesh to Japan, New Guinea, Australia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031048

Misumena elongata L. Koch, 1874a: 529, pl. 40, f. 5 (Df, preoccupied in Runcinia)

Pistius acuminatus Thorell, 1881: 333 (N.B.: may be a junior S of R. insecta (L. Koch, 1875), per Lehtinen, 2004: 175) Original description

Runcinia elongata Simon, 1909e: 141

Runcinia acuminata Chrysanthus, 1964: 99, f. 51-54 (f)

Runcinia albostriata Hu, 1984: 334, f. 350 (f, misidentified)

Runcinia acuminata Ono, 1988c: 190, f. 193-198 (f, Dm)

Runcinia acuminata Chikuni, 1989b: 139, f. 9 (mf)

Runcinia acuminata Okuma et al., 1993: 67, f. 57 (f)

Runcinia acuminata Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 225, f. 130a-h (mf)

Runcinia acuminata Song & Zhu, 1997: 160, f. 112A-F (mf)

Runcinia acuminata Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 485, f. 281G, N (mf)

Runcinia acuminata Lehtinen, 2004: 175, f. 23, 55, 66 (mf)

Runcinia acuminata Ono, 2009a: 528, f. 316-320 (mf)

Runcinia acuminata Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 453, f. 325A-F (mf)

Runcinia aethiops (Simon, 1901) | | Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031049

Runciniopsis aethiops Simon, 1901d: 21 (Dmf) Original description

Runcinia aethiops Strand, 1907h: 110

Runciniopsis aethiops Lessert, 1915a: 39, pl. 2, f. 40 (m)

Runciniopsis aethiops Lessert, 1919: 126, pl. 2, f. 2, 10 (f)

Runcinia aethiops Jézéquel, 1964c: 1122, f. 23-24 (mf)

Runcinia aethiops Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1980a: 320, f. 29-34 (mf)

Runcinia aethiops Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1983: 46, f. 29a-d (mf)

Runcinia aethiops Heinrichs & Barrion, 2004: 216, f. 639-641 (mf)

Runcinia aethiops Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020v: 50, 49: 1 f., 50: 5 f., 51: 3 f. (mf)

Runcinia albida (Marx, 1893) | j | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031051

Machomenus albidus Marx, 1893: 589, pl. 70, f. 4a-c (D jm jf) Original description

Runcinia albida Lessert, 1919: 191 (T from Machomenus)

Runcinia bifrons (Simon, 1895) | | India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031054

Runciniopsis bifrons Simon, 1895b: 437 (Df) Original description

Runcinia bifrons Simon, 1909e: 141

Runcinia carae Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1983 | | Botswana, Kenya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031055

Runcinia carae Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1983: 41, f. 24a-e (Dmf) Original description

Runcinia carae Heinrichs & Barrion, 2004: 214, f. 629-631 (mf)

Runcinia caudata Schenkel, 1963 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031056

Runcinia caudata Schenkel, 1963: 195, f. 112a-d (Df) Original description

Runcinia depressa Simon, 1906 | | Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031058

Runcinia depressa Simon, 1906a: 1166 (Df) Original description

Runcinia depressa Lessert, 1919: 123, pl. 2, f. 24, 36 (f)

Runcinia depressa Lessert, 1936: 259, f. 53 (Dm)

Runcinia depressa Millot, 1942: 39, f. 18A-D (mf)

Runcinia depressa Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1980a: 314, f. 19-25 (mf)

Runcinia depressa Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1983: 44, f. 26a-e (mf)

Runcinia depressa Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020v: 52, 49: 1 f., 52: 5 f. (mf)

Runcinia disticta Thorell, 1891 | | Myanmar, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031059

Runcinia disticta Thorell, 1891: 93 (Df) Original description

Runcinia dubia Caporiacco, 1940 | j | Somalia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031060

Runcinia dubia Caporiacco, 1940b: 300 (Dj) Original description

Runcinia erythrina Jézéquel, 1964 | | Ivory Coast, Zimbabwe, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031061

Runcinia erythrina Jézéquel, 1964c: 1123, f. 25 (Df) Original description

Runcinia erythrina Blandin, 1972: 1281, f. 1-5 (holotype f is juvenile, Dmf)

Runcinia erythrina Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1980a: 312, f. 13-18 (mf)

Runcinia erythrina Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1983: 43, f. 25a-d (mf)

Runcinia erythrina Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020v: 53, 49: 1 f., 53: 5 f., 54: 4 f. (mf)

Runcinia escheri Reimoser, 1934 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031062

Runcinia escheri Reimoser, 1934b: 487, f. 11 (Df) Original description

Runcinia escheri Tikader, 1971a: 26, f. 22A-C (f)

Runcinia escheri Tikader, 1980a: 59, f. 86-88 (f)

Runcinia flavida (Simon, 1881) | | Spain, Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031063

Runciniopsis flavida Simon, 1881e: 1 (Df) Original description

Runciniopsis flavida Simon, 1895a: 1023, f. 1078

Runcinia proxima Lessert, 1919: 129, pl. 2, f. 35, 41 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058060]

Runcinia flavida Lessert, 1919: 191

Runcinia proxima Millot, 1942: 41, f. 19A-E (f)

Runcinia proxima voltaensis Millot, 1942: 43, f. 19F-H (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058061]

Runcinia littorina Lawrence, 1942: 157, f. 12 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058059]

Runcinia proxima Lessert, 1943: 329, f. 30 (f, Dm)

Runcinia flavida Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1980a: 307, f. 2-7 (mf, S of Runcinia littorina, R. proxima and R. proxima voltaensis)

Runcinia flavida Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1983: 39, f. 22b-d (mf)

Runcinia flavida Calero Torralbo & Rodríguez-Gironés Arbolí, 2012: 313, f. 1A, D-E (m)

Runcinia flavida Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020v: 55, 49: 2 f., 55: 4 f., 56: 2 f. (mf)

Runcinia ghorpadei Tikader, 1980 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031064

Runcinia ghorpadei Tikader, 1980a: 64, f. 94-95 (Df) Original description

Runcinia grammica (C. L. Koch, 1837) | | Europe, Middle East to Iran, Russia (Europe to West Siberia), Central Asia, China, Japan. Introduced to St. Helena, South Africa, Lesotho urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031065

Thomisus lateralis C. L. Koch, 1837a: 43, f. 277 (Df; preoccupied by Hahn, 1831, see Xysticus audax)

Xysticus grammicus C. L. Koch, 1837a: 57, f. 285 (Df) Original description

Xysticus grammicus C. L. Koch, 1837b: 26 (D)

Thomisus cerinus C. L. Koch, 1845: 60, f. 996 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058058]

Thomisus amoenus Blackwall, 1870a: 415, pl. 16, f. 7 (Df)

Xysticus grammicus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873e: 223 (Dm)

Runcinia lateralis Simon, 1875a: 255 (Dm)

Thomisus lateralis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876b: 580

Misumena lateralis Pavesi, 1878: 383

Thomisus cerinus Herman, 1879: 247, 373

Runcinia lateralis Bösenberg, 1902: 369, pl. 34, f. 543 (mf)

Runcinia lateralis Simon, 1932: 789, 869, f. 1152-1153 (mf)

Runcinia grammica Simon, 1932: 869

Runcinia cerina Roewer, 1955c: 853 (T from Thomisus)

Runcinia lateralis Levy, 1973: 132, f. 53-56 (mf)

Runcinia grammica Benoit, 1977f: 82 (S of Runcinia cerina)

Runcinia lateralis Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1980a: 323, f. 35-37 (f)

Runcinia lateralis Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1983: 48, f. 30a-b (f)

Runcinia lateralis Levy, 1985b: 45, f. 57-60 (mf)

Runcinia lateralis Izmailova, 1989: 133, f. 125 (f)

Runcinia lateralis Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 476, f. 1252 (mf)

Runcinia lateralis Hansen, 1991: 14, f. 13 (f)

Runcinia lateralis Baldacchino et al., 1993: 49, f. 6f (m)

Runcinia grammica Roberts, 1995: 155, f. (mf)

Runcinia lateralis Song & Zhu, 1997: 163, f. 114A-D (mf)

Runcinia grammica Roberts, 1998: 164, f. (mf)

Runcinia lateralis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 485, f. 281I, O (mf)

Runcinia lateralis Heinrichs & Barrion, 2004: 214, f. 637-638 (f)

Runcinia lateralis Ono & Martens, 2005: 121, f. 75-77 (m),

Runcinia grammica Trotta, 2005: 177, f. 494-495 (mf)

Runcinia grammica Calero Torralbo & Rodríguez-Gironés Arbolí, 2012: 313, f. 1B-C, F (m)

Runcinia grammica El-Hennawy, 2014a: 36, f. 15-18 (m)

Runcinia grammica Kiany et al., 2017: 3, f. 4a-d (m)

Runcinia grammica Grismado & Achitte-Schmutzler, 2020: 93, f. 6a-h, 7a-i, 8a-j (mf)

Runcinia grammica Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020v: 57, 4 f. (mf)

Runcinia insecta (L. Koch, 1875) | | Africa, Asia. Introduced to Australia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030286

Diaea insecta L. Koch, 1875a: 579, pl. 45, f. 1 (Dm) Original description

Runcinia albostriata Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 485, f. 275I, 281H (mf)

Runcinia affinis Simon, 1897i: 292 (Df; N.B.: may be a junior S of R. spinulosa, per Marusik, 1993b: 465 and Lehtinen, 2004: 176) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031050]

Runcinia albostriata Kim & Gwon, 2001: 41, f. 58-63 (mf)

Runcinia annamita Simon, 1903g: 728 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031053]

Thomisus cherapunjeus Sunil Jose & Sebastian, 2001b: 184, f. 2A-B (f)

Runcinia albostriata Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 252, pl. 10, f. 162 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031052]

Runcinia albostriata Namkung, 2002: 540, f. 42.23a-b (mf)

Plancinus advecticius Simon, 1909e: 140 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031007]

Runcinia albostriata Kim & Cho, 2002: 155, f. 295-300 (f)

Runcinia cataracta Lawrence, 1927: 36, pl. 1, f. 23 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058057]

Runcinia albostriata Namkung, 2003: 543, f. 42.23a-b (mf)

Thomisus cherapunjeus Tikader, 1966g: 53, f. 1a-b (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031430]

Runcinia affinis Lehtinen, 2004: 175 (S of Plancinus advecticius, Runcinia albostriata, R. annamita, R. chauhani, R. sangasanga and Thomisus cherapunjea)

Thomisus cherapunjeus Tikader, 1968b: 104, f. 13-14 (f)

Runcinia affinis Heinrichs & Barrion, 2004: 214, f. 634-636 (mf)

Thomisus cherapunjeus Tikader, 1971a: 24, f. 8K-L (f)

Thomisus cherapunjeus Gajbe, 2007: 440, f. 40-41 (f)

Runcinia chauhani Sen & Basu, 1973: 103, f. 1A-B (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031057]

Runcinia affinis Ono, 2009a: 528, f. 311-315 (mf)

Runcinia albostriata Song, 1980: 196, f. 110a-e (mf)

Runcinia affinis Yin et al., 2012: 1293, f. 696a-e (mf)

Runcinia chauhani Tikader, 1980a: 60, f. 89-90 (f)

Runcinia affinis Kim & Lee, 2012a: 40, f. 16A-E (mf)

Thomisus cherapunjeus Tikader, 1980a: 54, f. 82-83 (f)

Runcinia insecta Szymkowiak, 2014: 450, f. 71A-D, 72A-B (mf, T from Diaea, S of Runcinia affinis)

Runcinia affinis Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1980a: 317, f. 38-42 (mf, S of Runcinia cataracta)

Runcinia insecta Caleb, 2020b: 15748, f. 23C-F, 31B (f)

Runcinia albostriata Wang, 1981: 127, f. 68A-C (mf)

Runcinia insecta Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020v: 58, 58: 4 f., 59: 2 f. (mf)

Thomisus cherapunjeus Tikader & Biswas, 1981: 78, f. 139-140 (f)

Thomisus cherapunjius Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2024: 167, f. 2a-f, 3b (mf, lapsus)

Runcinia affinis Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1983: 46, f. 28a-c (mf)

Runcinia albostriata Guo, 1985: 167, f. 2-94.1-3 (mf)

Runcinia albostriata Yaginuma, 1986a: 210, f. 116.4 (f)

Runcinia albostriata Song, 1987: 267, f. 223 (mf)

Runcinia albostriata Zhang, 1987: 219, f. 191.1-3 (mf)

Runcinia albostriata Ono, 1988c: 186, f. 187-192 (mf)

Runcinia albostriata Feng, 1990: 184, f. 159.1-3 (f)

Runcinia albostriata Chen & Gao, 1990: 170, f. 216a-b (mf)

Runcinia albostriata Chen & Zhang, 1991: 266, f. 278.1-4 (mf)

Runcinia albostriata Okuma et al., 1993: 65, f. 55 (f)

Runcinia albostriata Zhao, 1993: 371, f. 182a-b (f)

Thomisus cherapunjeus Barrion & Litsinger, 1994: 291, f. 1462-1463 (f)

Runcinia albostriata Barrion & Litsinger, 1994: 291, f. 1469-1470 (f)

Runcinia sangasanga Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 221, f. 127a-h (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031074]

Runcinia albostriata Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 224, f. 128a-e, 129a-e (mf)

Runcinia albostriata Zhao, 1995: 1088, f. 523a-b (f)

Runcinia albostriata Song & Zhu, 1997: 161, f. 113A-F (mf)

Runcinia johnstoni Lessert, 1919 | | Senegal, Ivory Coast, DR Congo, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031066

Runcinia johnstoni Lessert, 1919: 127, f. 11-12 , pl. 2, f. 32, 40 (Dm) Original description

Runcinia sjöstedti Lessert, 1919: 131, f. 13, pl. 2, f. 39 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058062]

Runcinia sjoestedti Jézéquel, 1964c: 1124, f. 26-27 (mf)

Runcinia johnstoni Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1980a: 310, f. 8-12 (mf, S of Runcinia sjostedti)

Runcinia johnstoni Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1983: 41, f. 23a-c (mf)

Runcinia johnstoni Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020v: 60, 5 f. (mf)

Runcinia khandari Gajbe, 2004 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040731

Runcinia khandari Gajbe, 2004d: 109, f. 133-134 (Dm) Original description

Runcinia kinbergi Thorell, 1891 | | Myanmar, India (Nicobar Is.), Indonesia (Java) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031067

Runcinia kinbergi Thorell, 1891: 94 (Df) Original description

Runcinia kinbergi Thorell, 1895b: 294 (Dm)

Runcinia manicata Thorell, 1895 | | Myanmar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031069

Runcinia manicata Thorell, 1895b: 294 (Dm) Original description

Runcinia multilineata Roewer, 1961 | | Senegal urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031070

Runcinia multilineata Roewer, 1961b: 72, f. 26a-d (Df) Original description

Runcinia roonwali Tikader, 1965 | | India, Nepal urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031073

Runcinia roonwali Tikader, 1965a: 277, f. 1a-c (Df) Original description

Runcinia roonwali Tikader, 1968b: 105, f. 42-44 (f)

Runcinia roonwali Tikader, 1971a: 26, f. 9A-C (f)

Runcinia roonwali Tikader, 1980a: 62, f. 91-93 (f)

Runcinia roortwali Barrion & Litsinger, 1994: 291, f. 1473-1474 (f, lapsus)

Runcinia sitadongri Gajbe, 2004 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:041209

Runcinia sitadongri Gajbe, 2004a: 124, f. 1-3 (Df) Original description

Runcinia soeensis Schenkel, 1944 | | Indonesia (West Timor) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031075

Runcinia soëensis Schenkel, 1944: 187, f. 8 (Df) Original description

Runcinia spinulosa (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885) | | Pakistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031076

Diaea spinulosa O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885b: 61 (Dm) Original description

Runcinia spinulosa Marusik, 1993b: 465, f. 25-26 (m, T from Diaea)

Runcinia tarabayevi Marusik & Logunov, 1990 | | Russia (Europe, Urals), Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Mongolia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031077

Runcinia tarabayevi Marusik & Logunov, 1990: 33, f. 1-5 (Dm) Original description

Runcinia tarabayevi Lehtinen, 2004: 175, f. 4, 46 (m)

Runcinia tarabayevi Zamani et al., 2019b: 242, f. 1E-G (m)

Runcinia tarabayevi Nuruyeva & Snegovaya, 2024a: 103, f. 4-7 (m)

Runcinia tropica Simon, 1907 | | Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:031078

Runcinia affinis tropica Simon, 1907d: 316 (Dmf) Original description

Runcinia affinis tropica Lessert, 1915a: 37, pl. 2, f. 31-32 (m)

Runcinia affinis tropica Lessert, 1919: 124, pl. 2, f. 18 (mf)

Runcinia tropica Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1980a: 316, f. 26-28 (f, elevated from subspecies)

Runcinia tropica Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1983: 45, f. 27a-b (f)

Runcinia tropica Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020v: 61, 5 f. (mf)

Runcinia yogeshi Gajbe & Gajbe, 2001 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038190

Runcinia yogeshi Gajbe & Gajbe, 2000e: 155, f. 1-3 (Df) Original description

Runcinia yogeshi Gajbe, 2004d: 111, f. 135-137 (f)