World Spider Catalog

Theridiidae Sundevall, 1833

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Hadrotarsidae Thorell, 1881: 190 (sub Hardotarsoidae, removed from the synonymy of Oonopidae by Roewer, 1963a: 122, contra Roewer, 1942a: 287) by Forster, Platnick & Coddington, 1990: 111 (after Wunderlich, 1978a: 25 and Wunderlich, 1986: 95, contra Baert, 1984a: 615 and Davies, 1985: 67), who recognized an expanded Hadrotarsinae as well as a separate subfamily Spintharinae Simon, 1894a: 512 (sub Spinthareae); the subfamily Theonoeinae Simon, 1894a: 586 (sub Theonoeae) (synonym Pholcommatinae Simon, 1894a: 589, sub Pholcommateae), which include Theonoe Simon, 1881, Carniella Thaler & Steinberger, 1988, Robertus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879 and Pholcomma Thorell, 1869, is circumscribed by Eskov & Marusik, 2024: 51; Eskov & Marusik, 2024: 52 also mention the subfamilies Argyrodinae Simon, 1881a: 14 (sub Argyrodini) and Latrodectinae Petrunkevitch, 1928: 117 (junior synyonym of Dipoeninae Simon, 1894a: 561, sub Dipoeneae).

In synonymy:

Ancylorrhanis Simon, 1894 = Pholcomma Thorell, 1869 (Levi & Levi, 1962: 16)

Armigera Marples, 1956 = Pholcomma Thorell, 1869 (Levi & Levi, 1962: 17)

Gen. Pholcomma Thorell, 1869 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:00711

type Theridion projectum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1862; gender neuter; syn. of Pholcomma gibbum (Westring, 1851)

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Ancylorrhanis Simon, 1894a: 592 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05519] (type Pholcomma hirsutum Emerton, 1882) by Levi, 1957d: 108 and of Armigera Marples, 1956: 335 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05518] (type A. turbotti Marples, 1956) by Levi & Levi, 1962: 17; the generic placement of all species currently assigned to Pholcomma, with exception of P. gibbum and P. hirsutum, requires confirmation (Eskov et al., 2026: 52).

Transferred to other genera:

Pholcomma amamiense Yoshida, 1985 -- see Phycosoma

Pholcomma japonicum Yoshida, 1985 -- see Phycosoma

Pholcomma nigromaculatum Yoshida, 1987 -- see Phycosoma

Pholcomma yunnanense Song & Zhu, 1994 -- see Trogloneta

In synonymy:

Pholcomma projectum (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1862) = Pholcomma gibbum (Westring, 1851) (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873b: 445, sub Theridion)

Pholcomma thorelli Simon, 1873 = Pholcomma gibbum (Westring, 1851) (Simon, 1873a: 308)

Pholcomma antipodianum (Forster, 1955) | | New Zealand (Antipodes Is.) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007865

Erigone antipodiana Forster, 1955c: 198, f. 52-55 (Dm) Original description

Pholcomma antipodianum Levi, 1957d: 110 (T from Erigone)

Pholcomma barnesi Levi, 1957 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007866

Pholcomma barnesi Levi, 1957d: 114, f. 31-37 (Dmf) Original description

Pholcomma carota Levi, 1957 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007867

Pholcomma carota Levi, 1957d: 113, f. 28-30 (Dm) Original description

Pholcomma carota Levi, 1975a: 281, f. 1-3 (Df)

Pholcomma gibbum (Westring, 1851) | | Azores, Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Caucasus, Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007868 TYPE SPECIES

Erigone gibba Westring, 1851: 44 (Df) Original description

Erigone gibba Westring, 1861: 279 (Dm)

Theridion projectum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1862: 7962 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066695]

Pholcomma projectum Thorell, 1869: 98

Pholcomma thorelli Simon, 1873a: 121, pl. 2, f. 15 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066697]

Theridium gibbum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873b: 445, pl. 33, f. 8 (m, S of Theridion projectum)

Pholcomma gibbum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879d: 82, pl. 3, f. 5 (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Simon, 1894a: 592, f. 594-598 (m)

Pholcomma gibbum Becker, 1896: (2): 108, pl. 24, f. 1 (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Smith, 1900b: 207, p. 166, f. 1a (m)

Pholcomma gibbum Bösenberg, 1902: 129, pl. 11, f. 167 (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Simon, 1914: 289, 308, f. 536-537 (mf, S of Pholcomma thorelli)

Pholcomma gibbum Wiehle, 1937: 218, f. 275-280 (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Locket & Millidge, 1953: 89, f. 59A-D (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Levi, 1957d: 110, f. 13-18 (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Miller, 1971: 182, pl. XXX, f. 20-21, pl. XXXI, f. 2 (m)

Pholcomma gibbum Palmgren, 1974b: 33, f. 8.15-18 (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Roberts, 1985: 196, f. 87a (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 294, f. 787 (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Roberts, 1995: 295, f. (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Roberts, 1998: 309, f. (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Trotta, 2005: 174, f. 438-441 (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Almquist, 2006: 78, f. 101a-f (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Agnarsson, Coddington & Knoflach, 2007: 361, f. 91-95, 178-179 (m)

Pholcomma gibbum Le Peru, 2011: 458, f. 755 (mf)

Pholcomma gibbum Zamani et al., 2021b: 292, f. 11A-B (f)

Pholcomma hickmani Forster, 1964 | | New Zealand (Campbell Is.) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007869

Pholcomma hickmani Forster, 1964b: 94, f. 115-117 (Df) Original description

Pholcomma hirsutum Emerton, 1882 | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007870

Pholcomma hirsutum Emerton, 1882: 29, pl. 6, f. 6 (Dmf) Original description

Ancylorrhanis hirsutum Simon, 1894a: 592

Ancylorrhanis hirsutum Kaston, 1948: 94, f. 105-110 (mf)

Pholcomma hirsuta Levi, 1957d: 110, f. 19-27 (mf)

Pholcomma hirsuta Levi & Levi, 1962: 56, f. 234 (m)

Pholcomma hirsutum Levi, 1964e: 37

Pholcomma hirsutum Agnarsson, 2004: 575, f. 60A-H, 61A-G (mf)

Pholcomma hirsutum Paquin & Dupérré, 2006: 26, f. 69-73 (mf)

Pholcomma mantinum Levi, 1964 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007871

Pholcomma mantinum Levi, 1964e: 38, f. 17-18 (Df) Original description

Pholcomma micropunctatum (Mello-Leitão, 1941) | | Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007872

Dipoena micropunctata Mello-Leitão, 1941d: 142, f. 37-38 (Df) Original description

Pholcomma micropunctatum Levi, 1964e: 37, f. 15-16 (f, T from Dipoena)

Pholcomma soloa (Marples, 1955) | | Samoa, Niue urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007873

Theridion soloa Marples, 1955a: 487, pl. 59, f. 7 (Df) Original description

Pholcomma soloa Marples, 1960: 386 (T from Theridion)

Pholcomma soloa Eskov et al., 2026: 52 (misplaced, belongs to Symphytognathidae)

Pholcomma tokyoense Ono, 2007 | | Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:041317

Pholcomma tokyoense Ono, 2007: 160, f. 29-31 (Dm) Original description

Pholcomma tokyoense Yoshida, 2009b: 367, f. 90-91 (m)

Pholcomma turbotti (Marples, 1956) | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007874

Armigera turbotti Marples, 1956: 336, f. 4a-b (Dm) Original description

Pholcomma turbotti Levi & Levi, 1962: 17 (T from Armigera)