World Spider Catalog

Theridiidae Sundevall, 1833

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Hadrotarsidae Thorell, 1881 (removed from the synonymy of Oonopidae by Roewer, 1963a: 122, contra Roewer, 1942a: 287) by Forster, Platnick & Coddington, 1990: 111 (after Wunderlich, 1978a: 25 and Wunderlich, 1986: 95, contra Baert, 1984a: 615 and Davies, 1985: 67), who recognized an expanded Hadrotarsinae as well as a separate subfamily Spintharinae.

In synonymy:

Janulus Thorell, 1881 = Janula Strand, 1932 (Strand, 1932: 139, preoccupied, replacement name)

Monetoculus Wunderlich, 2008 = Janula Strand, 1932 (Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 79)

Homonym replaced:

Janulus Thorell, 1881 -- see Janula Strand, 1932 - in Strand, 1932

Gen. Janula Strand, 1932 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:04197

N.B.: replacement name for Janulus Thorell, 1881: 163 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05627], preoccuppied in Gastropoda by Lowe, 1852; removed from the synonymy of Episinus Walckenaer, in Latreille, 1809 (contra Levi, 1955b: 66) and considered a senior synonym of Monetoculus Wunderlich, 2008b: 340 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03856] (type M. parvus Wunderlich, 2008) by Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 79.

In synonymy:

Janula germaini (Simon, 1895) = Janula nebulosa Simon, 1895 (Levi, 1964c: 21, sub Episinus)

Janula rio (Levi, 1967, T from Episinus) = Janula bicorniger Simon, 1894 (Rodrigues et al., 2022: 781)

Janula aspus (Levi, 1964) | | Nicaragua urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007610

Episinus aspus Levi, 1964c: 19, f. 48-51 (Dmf) Original description

Janula aspus Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)

Janula batman Yoshida & Koh, 2011 | | Borneo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:044683

Janula batman Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 83, f. 10-11, 49-50, 52-53 (Df) Original description

Janula bicorniger (Simon, 1894) | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007611

Theridium bicorne Keyserling, 1891: 193, pl. 7, f. 140 (Dmf; preoccupied in Theridion by Wider, 1834, see Diplocephalus cristatus and in Janula by Thorell, 1881, see Janula bicornis)

Janulus bicorniger Simon, 1894a: 517 (replacement name; for the ending of the specific epithet see ICZN Article 31.2.2 Original description

Episinus bicorniger Levi, 1964c: 20, f. 55-57 (mf)

Episinus rio Levi, 1967b: 29, f. 22-24 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007669]

Janula bicorniger Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 79 (T from Episinus)

Janula bicornigera Rodrigues et al., 2022: 781 (S of Episinus rio)

Janula bicornis (Thorell, 1881) | | Australia (Queensland) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007612

Janulus bicornis Thorell, 1881: 163 (Df) Original description

Janula bicornis Strand, 1932: 139 (generic replacement name)

Janula bicruciata (Simon, 1895) | | Bolivia, Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007613

Janulus bicruciatus Simon, 1895g: 136 (Df) Original description

Episinus bicruciatus Levi, 1964c: 21, f. 69-72 (f)

Janula bicruciata Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 79 (Tmf from Episinus)

Janula bifrons (Thorell, 1895) | | Myanmar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007614

Janulus bifrons Thorell, 1895b: 85 (Df) Original description

Janula bizona Yoshida & Koh, 2011 | | Borneo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:044680

Janula bizona Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 80, f. 6, 38, 41-42 (Df) Original description

Janula bruneiensis Yoshida & Koh, 2011 | | Borneo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:044679

Janula bruneiensis Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 79, f. 4-5, 28-37 (Dmf) Original description

Janula bubalis Yoshida & Koh, 2011 | | Borneo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:044681

Janula bubalis Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 82, f. 7, 39, 43-45 (Df) Original description

Janula chiapensis (Levi, 1955) | | Mexico, Costa Rica (Cocos Is.) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007621

Episinus chiapensis Levi, 1955b: 76, f. 7 (Dm) Original description

Janula chiapensis Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)

Janula colima (Levi, 1955) | | Mexico to Panama urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007625

Episinus colima Levi, 1955b: 76, f. 11, 40 (Dm) Original description

Janula colima Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)

Janula crysus (Buckup & Marques, 1992) | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007627

Episinus crysus Buckup & Marques, 1992: 123, f. 5-8 (Dmf) Original description

Janula crysus Rodrigues et al., 2022: 785 (T from Episinus)

Janula cuzco (Levi, 1967) | | Peru urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007628

Episinus cuzco Levi, 1967b: 30, f. 25-27 (Df) Original description

Janula cuzco Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)

Janula dominica (Levi, 1955) | | Hispaniola urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007629

Episinus dominicus Levi, 1955b: 77, f. 26-27, 38 (Df) Original description

Episinus dominicus Levi & Levi, 1962: , f. 221 (f)

Episinus dominicus Wunderlich, 1988: 136, f. 304-305 (f)

Janula dominica Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)

Janula erythrophthalma (Simon, 1894) | | Panama, St. Vincent, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil, Bolivia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007631

Janulus erythrophthalmus Simon, 1894a: 514, f. 524-525

Janulus erythrophthalmus Simon, 1894c: 525 (Dmf) Original description

Episinus erythrophthalmus Levi, 1964c: 23, f. 79-91, 93 (mf; m f. 92 see Janula nebulosa)

Episinus erythrophthalamus Coddington, 1990: 17, f. 78 (m)

Janula erythrophthalma Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 79 (Tmf from Episinus)

Janula flores E. N. L. Rodrigues, 2022 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055261

Janula flores E. N. L. Rodrigues in Rodrigues et al., 2022: 772, f. 20-23, 45-48 (Dmf) Original description

Janula itaqui E. N. L. Rodrigues, 2022 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055260

Janula itaqui E. N. L. Rodrigues in Rodrigues et al., 2022: 771, f. 16-19 (Dmf) Original description

Janula jimmyi (Chavari & Brescovit, 2014) | | Colombia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047072

Episinus jimmyi Chavari & Brescovit, 2014: 146, f. 1-20 (Dmf) Original description

Janula jimmyi Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)

Janula juarezi (Levi, 1955) | | Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007640

Episinus juarezi Levi, 1955b: 74, f. 5-6, 30-31, 42-43 (Dmf) Original description

Janula juarezi Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)

Janula luteolimbata (Thorell, 1898) | | Myanmar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007643

Janulus luteolimbatus Thorell, 1898: 291 (Df) Original description

Janula lutzenbergeri E. N. L. Rodrigues, 2022 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055262

Janula lutzenbergeri E. N. L. Rodrigues in Rodrigues et al., 2022: 774, f. 24-27, 42-44 (Dmf) Original description

Janula malachina (Simon, 1895) | | Peru, Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007649

Janulus malachinus Simon, 1895g: 135 (Df) Original description

Episinus malachinus Levi, 1964c: 14, f. 30-33 (f)

Janula malachina Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 79 (Tmf from Episinus)

Janula malachina Rodrigues et al., 2022: 780, f. 31-32, 49-50 (mf)

Janula mamiraua E. N. L. Rodrigues, 2022 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055263

Janula mamiraua E. N. L. Rodrigues in Rodrigues et al., 2022: 779, f. 28-30 (Df) Original description

Janula manauara E. N. L. Rodrigues, 2022 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055258

Janula manauara E. N. L. Rodrigues in Rodrigues et al., 2022: 770, f. 7-10, 40-41 (Dmf) Original description

Janula marginata (Thorell, 1898) | | Myanmar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007650

Janulus marginatus Thorell, 1898: 290 (Dm) Original description

Janula modesta (Thorell, 1898) | j | Myanmar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007653

Janulus modestus Thorell, 1898: 292 (Dj) Original description

Janula moyobamba (Levi, 1964) | | Peru urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007654

Episinus moyobamba Levi, 1964c: 16, f. 40-42 (Df) Original description

Janula moyobamba Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)

Janula nadleri (Levi, 1955) | | Bahama Is., Jamaica urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007656

Episinus nadleri Levi, 1955b: 77, f. 12, 28-29, 37 (Dmf) Original description

Janula nadleri Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)

Janula nebulosa (Simon, 1895) | | Panama, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007657

Janulus nebulosus Simon, 1895g: 135 (Df) Original description

Janulus germaini Simon, 1895g: 136 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055256]

Episinus nebulosus Levi, 1964c: 21, f. 64-68 (f, S of Janula germaini)

Episinus erythrophthalmus Levi, 1964c: 23, f. 92 (m; misidentified per Rodrigues et al., 2022: 783)

Janula nebulosa Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 79 (T from Episinus)

Janula nebulosa Rodrigues et al., 2022: 783, f. 35-37, 51-53 (mf)

Janula ocreata (Simon, 1909) | j | Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007659

Janulus ocreatus Simon, 1909e: 84 (Dj) Original description

Janula panamensis (Levi, 1955) | | Panama urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007660

Episinus panamensis Levi, 1955b: 73, f. 14, 35 (Dm) Original description

Episinus panamensis Levi, 1964c: 18, f. 37-39 (Df)

Janula panamensis Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)

Janula parva (Wunderlich, 2008) | | Malaysia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042019

Monetoculus parvus Wunderlich, 2008b: 340, f. 391-394 (Dm) Original description

Janula picta (Simon, 1895) | | Singapore urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007661

Janulus pictus Simon, 1895g: 134 (Df) Original description

Janula pimenta E. N. L. Rodrigues, 2022 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055257

Janula pimenta E. N. L. Rodrigues in Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768, f. 3-6 (Dmf) Original description

Janula pyrus (Levi, 1964) | | Panama urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007666

Episinus pyrus Levi, 1964c: 17, f. 34-36 (Df) Original description

Janula pyrus Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)

Janula salobrensis (Simon, 1895) | | Venezuela, Trinidad, Guyana, Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007670

Janulus salobrensis Simon, 1895g: 135 (Df) Original description

Episinus erythrophthalmus Levi, 1955b: 74, f. 24-25, 36 (f, misidentified)

Episinus salobrensis Levi, 1964c: 22, f. 73-78 (f, Dm)

Janula salobrensis Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 79 (Tmf from Episinus)

Janula salobrensis Rodrigues et al., 2022: 784, f. 38-39 (mf)

Janula seguro E. N. L. Rodrigues, 2022 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055259

Janula seguro E. N. L. Rodrigues in Rodrigues et al., 2022: 770, f. 11-15 (Dmf) Original description

Janula taprobanica (Simon, 1895) | | Sri Lanka urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007674

Janulus taprobanicus Simon, 1895g: 134 (Dmf) Original description

Janula teresopolis (Levi, 1964) | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007675

Episinus teresopolis Levi, 1964c: 15, f. 24-26 (Df) Original description

Janula teresopolis Rodrigues et al., 2022: 780, f. 33-34 (Dm, T from Episinus)

Janula triangularis Yoshida & Koh, 2011 | | Thailand, Singapore, Brunei (Borneo) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:044682

Janula triangularis Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 82, f. 8-9, 40, 46-48 (Df) Original description

Janula triangularis Seyfulina & Kartsev, 2022: 124, f. 32-33 (f)

Janula triocellata Yoshida & Koh, 2011 | | Borneo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:044684

Janula triocellata Yoshida & Koh, 2011: 83, f. 12-13, 51, 54-56 (Df) Original description

Janula unitus (Levi, 1964) | | Cuba, Jamaica urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007679

Episinus unitus Levi, 1964c: 16, f. 27-29 (Df) Original description

Episinus unitus Gruia, 1977: 161, f. 6-11 (Dm)

Janula unitus Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)

Janula vaticus (Levi, 1964) | | Costa Rica, Panama urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007681

Episinus vaticus Levi, 1964c: 18, f. 43-47 (Dmf) Original description

Janula vaticus Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)

Janula zurlus (Levi, 1964) | | Venezuela urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007684

Episinus zurlus Levi, 1964c: 23, f. 58-63 (Dmf) Original description

Janula zurlus Rodrigues et al., 2022: 768 (T from Episinus)