World Spider Catalog

Theraphosidae Thorell, 1869

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: for the year of description (1869 vs. 1870) see Sherwood et al., 2021: 396, Breitling, 2021b published a different opinion; Raven, 1994: 333 considered the Trichopelmatinae (genera Trichopelma and Psalistops) to belong to the Theraphosidae rather than to Barychelidae, but has not provided a phylogenetic argument for this change; Trichopelma was finally transferred to the Theraphosidae (Guadanucci, 2014: 514) as well as Psalistops (Mori & Bertani, 2020: 37), so in fact Trichopelmatinae is now transferred to Theraphosidae; the monophyly of Theraphosidae and of the most recognized theraphosid subfamilies was confirmed by Lüddecke et al., 2018 and by Foley et al., 2019.

In synonymy:

Haplopelma Simon, 1892 = Cyriopagopus Simon, 1887 (Smith & Jacobi, 2015: 28)

Melognathus Chamberlin, 1917 = Cyriopagopus Simon, 1887 (Raven, 1985a: 156)

Melopoeus Pocock, 1895 = Cyriopagopus Simon, 1887 (Smith & Jacobi, 2015: 28, automatically with its senior synonym Haplopelma, syn. per Raven, 1985a: 116)

Gen. Cyriopagopus Simon, 1887 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:00215

N.B.: the syllable -pagopus was formed from ancient Greek, means "frost foot" or "ice foot" and is masculine in gender (Tobias Joho, Institute of Classical Philology, University of Bern, Switzerland); considered a senior synonym of Melognathus Chamberlin, 1917 by Raven, 1985a: 156 and of Haplopelma Simon, 1892a: 151 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:00229] (type Selenocosmia doriae Thorell, 1890) by Smith & Jacobi, 2015: 28; Melognathus revalidated by Gabriel & Sherwood, 2019c: 145; Haplopelma considered a senior synonym of Melopoeus Pocock, 1895a: 180 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05120] (type Selenocosmia albostriata Simon, 1886) by Raven, 1985a: 116 (but see also Schmidt, 2010b, who considered the type species a member of Ornithoctonus Pocock, 1892 and therefore considered Melopoeus the earliest available name for the remaining species, and Schmidt, 2015b, who removed Melopoeus from the synonymy with Haplopelma; Haplopelma, Cyriopagopus, Melopoeus and other "ornithoctonine" genera are in urgent need of revision (e.g. Hauke, 2017: 48); genus transfers and synonymies without thorough analysis and without including the type species will not be taken over.

Transferred to other genera:

Cyriopagopus dromeus (Chamberlin, 1917) -- see Melognathus

Cyriopagopus schioedtei (Thorell, 1891) -- see Omothymus

Cyriopagopus thorelli (Simon, 1901) -- see Omothymus

In synonymy:

Cyriopagopus huwenus (Wang, Peng & Xie, 1993) = Cyriopagopus schmidti von Wirth, 1991 (Zhu & Zhang, 2008: 420, sub Haplopelma)

Nomina dubia:

Cyriopagopus robustus (Strand, 1907l: 70, f, Singapore, originally in Haplopelma) -- Nentwig et al., 2020: 26

Cyriopagopus salangensis (Strand, 1907l: 67, f, Malaysia, originally in Melopoeus) -- Nentwig et al., 2020: 26

Cyriopagopus albostriatus (Simon, 1886) | | Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002046

Selenocosmia albostriata Simon, 1886a: 161 (Dmf) Original description

Melopoeus albostriatus Pocock, 1895a: 180

Melopoeus albostriatus Simon, 1903a: 945, f. 1089-1091 (m)

Melopoeus albostriatus Simon, 1904b: 270, pl. 16, f. 1 (mf)

Melopoeus albostriatus Schmidt, 1986: 73, f. 128-130 (m)

Melopoeus albostriatus Smith, 1987c: 10, f. 1-15 (m)

Haplopelma albostriatum Smith, 1996: 25, f. 27-36 (m)

Haplopelma albostriatum Peters, 2000b: 15, f. 19-20 (m)

Cyriopagopus albostriatum Smith & Jacobi, 2015: 47 (T from Haplopelma)

Cyriopagopus doriae (Thorell, 1890) | | Malaysia (Borneo) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002048

Selenocosmia doriae Thorell, 1890a: 397 (Df) Original description

Haplopelma doriae Simon, 1892a: 151 (T from Selenocosmia)

Haplopelma doriae Simon, 1903a: 946, f. 1092

Haplopelma doriae Schmidt, 1998a: 2, f. 2 (f)

Haplopelma doriae Schmidt, 2003l: 250, f. 813-814 (f)

Ornithoctonus doriae Schmidt, 2010b: 30, f. 4.1-4.2 (f; generic placement not supported by investigation of type specimen of that genus)

Haplopelma doriae Hauke, 2012: 4, f. 1-4, 10, 17 (f)

Cyriopagopus doriae Smith & Jacobi, 2015: 47 (T from Haplopelma)

Ornithoctonus doriae Schmidt, 2015b: 25, f. 3 (f)

Haplopelma doriae Hauke, 2017: 7, f. 2, 6a, 7a, 9, 12d (f)

Cyriopagopus hainanus (Liang, Peng, Huang & Chen, 1999) | | China (Hainan) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038350

Selenocosmia hainana Liang et al., 1999: 300, f. 1-4 (Df) Original description

Ornithoctonus hainana Zhu, Song & Li, 2001: 1, f. 1-7 (Dm, f, T from Selenocosmia)

Haplopelma hainanum Schmidt, 2003l: 250, f. 815-817 (mf)

Selenocosmia hainana Chen et al., 2004: 607, f. 5-10 (m)

Haplopelma hainanum von Wirth & Striffler, 2005: 17 (T from Ornithoctonus)

Haplopelma hainanum Zhu & Zhang, 2008: 427, f. 2A-G, 10 (mf)

Cyriopagopus hainanum Smith & Jacobi, 2015: 47 (T from Haplopelma)

Haplopelma hainanum Hauke, 2017: 7, f. 4a-b, 6c, 7b (f)

Cyriopagopus hainanum Zhang & Wang, 2017: 755, 5 f. (mf)

Cyriopagopus lividus (Smith, 1996) | | Myanmar, Thailand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002049

Haplopelma lividum Smith, 1996: 22, f. 1-14 (Dmf) Original description

Haplopelma lividum Peters, 2000b: 17, f. 28, 30-31 (mf)

Haplopelma lividum Schmidt, 2003l: 250, f. 818-819 (mf)

Haplopelma lividum Hauke & von Wirth, 2013: 13, f. 2, 11, 13, 25 (f [no genitalia])

Cyriopagopus lividum Smith & Jacobi, 2015: 47 (T from Haplopelma)

Haplopelma lividum Hauke & von Wirth, 2015: 14, f. 2, 11, 13, 25 (f [no genitalia])

Haplopelma lividum Hauke, 2017: 17, f. 3a-b, 8b, 38a-d (mf [no genitalia])

Cyriopagopus longipes (von Wirth & Striffler, 2005) | | Thailand, Cambodia, Laos urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039499

Haplopelma longipes von Wirth & Striffler, 2005: 17, f. 19-29 (Dmf) Original description

Haplopelma longipes Schmidt, 2006c: 9, f. 2 (f)

Haplopelma longipes Hauke & von Wirth, 2013: 12, f. 1, 3-4, 6, 8-10, 12, 23-24 (f)

Cyriopagopus longipes Smith & Jacobi, 2015: 47 (T from Haplopelma)

Haplopelma longipes Hauke & von Wirth, 2015: 44, f. 1, 3-4, 6, 8-10, 12, 18, 23-24, 26 (f)

Haplopelma longipes Hauke, 2017: 7, f. 6b, 21a (f)

Cyriopagopus longipes Chomphuphuang et al., 2023: 124, f. 14H (m)

Cyriopagopus minax (Thorell, 1897) | | Myanmar, Thailand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002050

Melopoeus minax Thorell, 1897a: 182 (Df) Original description

Ornithoctonus minax Gravely, 1935b: 211, f. a-c (Dm)

Melopoeus minax Hancock & Hancock, 1989: 48, f. 43 (f)

Haplopelma minax Smith, 1996: 24, f. 15-26 (m)

Haplopelma minax Peters, 2000b: 18, f. 32C-E (mf)

Haplopelma minax Schmidt, 2003l: 250, f. 820-821 (m)

Cyriopagopus minax Smith & Jacobi, 2015: 47 (T from Haplopelma)

Cyriopagopus minax Chomphuphuang et al., 2023: 124, f. 14G (m)

Cyriopagopus paganus Simon, 1887 | | Myanmar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001960

Cyriopagopus paganus Simon, 1887i: 111 (Df) Original description

Cyriopagopus schmidti (von Wirth, 1991) | | China, Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002053

Haplopelma schmidti von Wirth, 1991b: 7, f. 1-11 (Df) Original description

Selenocosmia huwena Wang, Peng & Xie, 1993: 72, f. 1-4 (Df, not m, per Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 41) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:002414]

Haplopelma schmidti Schmidt, 1993d: 122, f. 386, 393 (f)

Selenocosmia huwena Yin & Bao, 1995b: 131, f. 1-9 (Dm)

Selenocosmia huwena Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 40, f. 17N-P (mf)

Selenocosmia huwena Peters, 1999: 7, f. 1, 4 (f)

Haplopelma schmidti Peters, 1999: 11, f. 2-3 (f)

Ornithoctonus huwena Zhu & Song, 2000a: 54, f. 1-16 (mf, T from Selenocosmia)

Haplopelma schmidti Peters, 2000b: 19, f. 35 (f)

Selenocosmia huwena Zhang, 2000b: 22, f. 1.1-7 (mf)

Ornithoctonus huwena Peters, 2000b: 59, f. 157-159 (mf)

Ornithoctonus huwena Chen et al., 2003: 70, f. 8 (m)

Haplopelma schmidti Schmidt, 2003l: 250, f. 822-825 (mf)

Haplopelma huwenum von Wirth & Striffler, 2005: 17 (T from Ornithoctonus)

Ornithoctonus huwena Pham & Vu, 2005: 11, f. 1, 2a-g (f)

Haplopelma schmidti Zhu & Zhang, 2008: 429, f. 3A-K, 13-14 (mf, S of Haplopelma huwenum)

Haplopelma schmidti Schmidt, 2010a: 23, f. 3.1-4 (f)

Cyriopagopus schmidti Smith & Jacobi, 2015: 47 (T from Haplopelma)

Melopoeus schmidti Schmidt, 2015b: 27, f. 2 (f)

Haplopelma schmidti Hauke, 2017: 7, f. 6d (f)

Haplopelma aff. schmidti Sherwood, Logunov & Gabriel, 2022: 212, f. 5-6 (f, the S of Cyriopagopus and Haplopelma is erroneous)

Cyriopagopus vonwirthi (Schmidt, 2005) | | Southeast Asia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039500

Haplopelma vonwirthi Schmidt, 2005a: 5, f. 1-3 (f, nomen nudum, no type depository; probably misidentified H. minax per von Wirth & Striffler, 2005)

Haplopelma vonwirthi Peters, 2005b: 72, f. 235-241 (f, f. m)

Haplopelma vonwirthi Schmidt, 2005g: 24, f. 1-3 (Df) Original description

Haplopelma volkervonwirthi Schmidt, 2006a: 7, f. 1-3 (Dm, superfluous replacement name)

Haplopelma volkervonwirthi Schmidt, 2006c: 9, f. 1 (f)

Cyriopagopus vonwirthi Smith & Jacobi, 2015: 47 (T from Haplopelma)