World Spider Catalog

Tetragnathidae Menge, 1866

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Metidae Simon, 1894a: 726 (sub Meteae) by Heimer & Nentwig, 1982: 292 and Levi, 1986a: 93 (although not by Wunderlich, 1986: 115); Metidae/Metinae is preoccupied in the Copepoda and emened to Metainae by ICZN, 2013 (Opinion 2326) following the proposal of Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2011b; Diphyini is preoccupied in the Hydrozoa and emened to Diphyaini by ICZN, 2021 (Opinion 3774) following the proposal of Marusik, 2018d; see also the notes at the Araneidae, Nephilidae and Phonognathidae; includes taxa placed by Forster & Forster, 1999: 166 in the "Nanometidae" (see Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2011a: 802); also Leucauginae Caporiacco, 1955: 318 and Pachygnathidae Menge, 1866: 94 are included; mentioning of "Tetragnathiens" by Simon, 1864: 325, but the French ending -iens was not accepted as taxon at familiar level by Bonnet and Platnick, and this is continued here; Eskov & Marusik, 2024: 52 list five subfamilies as valid: Diphyainae Simon, 1894a: 742 (sub Diphyeae), Leucauginae Caporiacco, 1955: 318, Metainae, Nanometinae Forster & Forster, 1999: 166 and Tetragnathinae.

In synonymy:

Anopas Archer, 1951 = Tylorida Simon, 1894 (Chrysanthus, 1975: 31)

Sternospina Schmidt & Krause, 1993 = Tylorida Simon, 1894 (Dimitrov, Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2008: 50)

Gen. Tylorida Simon, 1894 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01415

type Meta striata Thorell, 1877; gender feminine

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Anopas Archer, 1951a: 7 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05327] (type Meta ventralis Thorell, 1877) by Chrysanthus, 1975: 31 (through transfer of the type species) and of Sternospina Schmidt & Krause, 1993a: 6 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01412] (type S. concretipalpis Schmidt & Krause, 1993) by Dimitrov, Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2008: 50.

Transferred to other genera:

Tylorida culta (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869) -- see Mesida

In synonymy:

Tylorida concretipalpis (Schmidt & Krause, 1993, T from Sternospina) = Tylorida striata (Thorell, 1877) (Dimitrov, Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2008: 51)

Tylorida cylindrata (Wang, 1991) = Tylorida marmorea (Pocock, 1901) (Sankaran et al., 2017b: 297)

Tylorida magniventer Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 = Tylorida striata (Thorell, 1877) (Tanikawa, 2005a: 151)

Tylorida nicobarensis (Tikader, 1977) = Tylorida striata (Thorell, 1877) (Sankaran et al., 2017b: 308)

Tylorida pondae (Tikader, 1970) = Tylorida ventralis (Thorell, 1877) (Sankaran et al., 2017b: 310)

Tylorida sataraensis Kulkarni, 2014 = Tylorida marmorea (Pocock, 1901) (Sankaran et al., 2017b: 297)

Tylorida silentvalliensis (Biswas & Roy, 2004, T from Pachygnatha) = Tylorida marmorea (Pocock, 1901) (Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2020b: 199)

Tylorida sphenoida (Wang, 1991, T from Leucauge) = Tylorida ventralis (Thorell, 1877) (Zhu, Wu & Song, 2002: 29)

Tylorida stellimicans (Simon, 1886) = Tylorida striata (Thorell, 1877) (Kulkarni & Yadav, 2015: 3)

Tylorida flava Sankaran, Malamel, Joseph & Sebastian, 2017 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049752

Tylorida flava Sankaran et al., 2017b: 296, f. 1A, 3A-F, 4A-H (Df) Original description

Tylorida flava Anju & Sudhikumar, 2023: 24, f. 1A-C, 2A-F (Dm)

Tylorida marmorea (Pocock, 1901) | | India, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014011

Orsinome marmorea Pocock, 1901d: 479 (Dmf) Original description

Orsinome marmorea Gravely, 1921b: 448, f. 7a-b (mf)

Leucauge cylindrata Wang, 1991a: 158, f. 21-24 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013711]

Leucauge cylindrata Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 121G, 122C-D, 130K (mf)

Tylorida cylindrata Zhu, Wu & Song, 2002: 26, f. 1A-H (mf, T from Leucauge)

Tylorida cylindrata Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003: 300, f. 167A-H (mf)

Pachygnatha silentvalliensis Biswas & Roy, 2004: 183, f. 1-5 (Dmf; N.B.: figures are referred to but were apparently not published) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:041047]

Tylorida cylindrata Yin et al., 2012: 469, f. 214a-e (mf)

Tylorida sataraensis Kulkarni, 2014: 5558, images 1-5, f. 2-4 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:046763]

Tylorida sataraensis Kulkarni & Lewis, 2015: 2, f. 1b, 2b, 3b, 4, 5b, 6-7, 9-10 (Dm)

Tylorida marmorea Sankaran et al., 2017b: 297, f. 1B-C, 2A, 5A-F, 6A-D, 7A-C, 8A-H, 9A-D, 10A-I, 11A-F, 12A-E (mf, T from Orsinome, S of T. cylindrata and T. sataraensis)

Tylorida marmorea Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2020b: 199, f. 3A-G (mf, S of Pachygnatha silentvalliensis)

Tylorida mengla Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038624

Tylorida mengla Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003: 303, f. 168A-F (Df) Original description

Tylorida mornensis (Benoit, 1978) | | Seychelles urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013772

Leucauge mornensis Benoit, 1978f: 669, f. 3C-D (Dmf) Original description

Tylorida mornensis Saaristo, 2003: 20, f. 15-18 (mf, T from Leucauge)

Tylorida mornensis Saaristo, 2010: 233, f. 36.19-23 (mf)

Tylorida seriata Thorell, 1899 | | West Africa, Cameroon urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014399

Tylorida seriata Thorell, 1899: 34 (Df) Original description

Tylorida striata (Thorell, 1877) | | Comoros, India, Myanmar, China, SE Asia to Australia (Queensland) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401 TYPE SPECIES

Meta striata Thorell, 1877b: 427 (Df) Original description

Meta striata van Hasselt, 1882: 25 (Dm)

Meta stellimicans Simon, 1886c: 449 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014400]

Argyroepeira bigibba Thorell, 1887: 140 (Dj)

Argyroepeira striata Thorell, 1887: 142

Argyroepeira striata Workman & Workman, 1894: 19, pl. 19 (f)

Tylorida stellimicans Simon, 1894a: 737

Tylorida striata Simon, 1894a: 737, f. 809 (m)

Tylorida magniventer Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 187, pl. 15, f. 397 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014398]

Tylorida striata Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 187, pl. 15, f. 420 (f)

Tylorida striata Nakahira, 1958: 7, f. 1 (m)

Tylorida striata Yaginuma, 1960: 72, f. 67 (m)

Tylorida striata Chrysanthus, 1963: 727, f. 1-4 (f)

Tylorida striata Lee, 1966: 56, f. 19e-f (m)

Tylorida striata Yaginuma, 1971: 72, f. 67 (m)

Tylorida striata Chrysanthus, 1975: 30, f. 115-116 (m)

Linyphia nicobarensis Tikader, 1977a: 166, f. 4A-B (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:011417]

Tylorida striata Yoshida, 1978b: 8, f. 7-10 (mf)

Tylorida striata Hu, 1984: 153, f. 157.1-3 (m)

Tylorida striata Yaginuma, 1986a: 129, f. 68.6 (mf)

Tylorida striata Song, 1987: 188, f. 147 (f)

Tylorida striata Davies, 1988b: 288, f. 13 (mf)

Tylorida striata Chikuni, 1989b: 93, f. 10 (mf)

Tylorida striata Feng, 1990: 111, f. 86.1-6 (mf)

Tylorida striata Chen & Gao, 1990: 87, f. 109a-b (mf)

Tylorida striata Chen & Zhang, 1991: 124, f. 118.1-2 (f)

Sternospina concretipalpis Schmidt & Krause, 1993a: 7, f. 1 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014077]

Tylorida striata Barrion & Litsinger, 1994: 328, f. 1748-1750 (mf)

Sternospina concretipalpis Schmidt & Krause, 1994a: 7, f. 3 (m)

Tylorida striata Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 530, f. 327a-j, 328a-f (mf)

Tylorida striata Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 223, f. 129A-B, E (mf)

Tylorida striata Hu, 2001: 603, f. 411.1-3 (m)

Tylorida striata Zhu, Wu & Song, 2002: 27, f. 2A-H, 3A-E (mf)

Tylorida striata Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003: 304, f. 169A-H, 170A-E (mf)

Tylorida striata Tanikawa, 2005a: 151, f. 1-2, 5-6 (mf, S of Tylorida magniventer)

Tylorida striata Tanikawa, 2007c: 100, f. 338-339, 796-797 (mf)

Tylorida striata Dimitrov, Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2008: 51, f. 1A-D (m, S of Sternospina concretipalpis)

Tylorida striata Álvarez-Padilla et al., 2009: 141, f. 8f, 9f (mf)

Tylorida striata Tanikawa, 2009: 410, f. 33-34 (mf)

Tylorida striata Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2011a: 800, f. 114A-G, 115A-F, 116A-F, 117A-F, 118A-D (mf)

Tylorida striata Yin et al., 2012: 470, f. 215a-h (mf)

Tylorida striata Kulkarni & Yadav, 2015: 3, f. 1a-c, 3 (f, S of Tylorida stellimicans)

Linyphia nicobarensis Sen et al., 2015: 96, f. 546-551, pl. 20 (f)

Tylorida nicobarensis Breitling, 2015a: 5 (T from Linyphia)

Tylorida striata Sankaran et al., 2017b: 308, f. 1D, 2B, 7D-F, 12F-G, 13A-F, 14A-G (mf, S of T. nicobarensis)

Tylorida tianlin Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 | | China, Laos urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039274

Tylorida tianlin Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003: 307, f. 171A-G (Dmf) Original description

Tylorida ventralis (Thorell, 1877) | | Pakistan, India, Myanmar, China, Japan, Taiwan, Laos, Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia (New Guinea) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014402

Meta ventralis Thorell, 1877b: 423 (Dmf) Original description

Argyroepeira ventralis Thorell, 1887: 138

Argyroepeira ventralis Workman, 1896: 55, pl. 55 (f)

Leucauge ventralis Pocock, 1904: 800, pl. 66, f. 3

Anopas ventralis Archer, 1951a: 7, f. 8-9 (m, T from Leucauge)

Leucauge pondae Tikader, 1970: 44, f. 25a-d (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013784]

Tylorida ventralis Chrysanthus, 1975: 31, f. 117-120 (mf, T from Anopas)

Tylorida ventralis Yoshida, 1978b: 8, f. 1-6 (mf)

Leucauge pondae Tikader, 1982a: 89, f. 175-178 (mf)

Leucauge ventralis Tikader, 1982a: 85, f. 168-171 (f)

Leucauge sphenoida Wang, 1991a: 157, f. 17-20 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013808]

Leucauge sphenoida Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 121O, 122K-L, 130R (mf)

Tylorida ventralis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 223, f. 129C-D, F (mf)

Tylorida ventralis Zhu, Wu & Song, 2002: 29, f. 4A-J (mf, S of Leucauge sphenoida)

Tylorida ventralis Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003: 308, f. 172A-J, pl. XE-H (mf)

Tylorida ventralis Tanikawa, 2005a: 153, f. 3-4, 7-8 (mf)

Tylorida ventralis Tanikawa, 2007c: 100, f. 340-342, 798-799 (mf)

Tylorida ventralis Tanikawa, 2009: 410, f. 35-36 (mf)

Tylorida ventralis Jäger & Praxaysombath, 2009: 35, f. 18, 24-37 (mf)

Tylorida ventralis Yin et al., 2012: 472, f. 216a-f (mf)

Tylorida ventralis Kulkarni & Lewis, 2015: 2, f. 1a, 2a, 3a, 5a (m)

Leucauge pondae Sen et al., 2015: 101, f. 585-589, pl. 21 (f)

Tylorida ventralis Sankaran et al., 2017b: 310, f. 1E-F, 2C, 7G-I, 12H-I, 15A-F, 16A-J, 17A-O, 18A-O, 19A-E (mf, S of Leucauge pondae)