World Spider Catalog

Tetragnathidae Menge, 1866

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Metidae Simon, 1894 by Heimer & Nentwig, 1982: 292 and Levi, 1986a: 93 (although not by Wunderlich, 1986: 115); Metidae/Metinae is preoccupied in the Copepoda and emened to Metainae by ICZN, 2013 (Opinion 2326) following the proposal of Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2011b; Diphyini is preoccupied in the Hydrozoa and emened to Diphyaini by ICZN, 2021 (Opinion 3774) following the proposal of Marusik, 2018d; see also the notes at the Araneidae, Nephilidae and Phonognathidae; includes taxa placed by Forster & Forster, 1999: 166 in the "Nanometidae" (see Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2011a: 802); also Leucauginae Caporiacco, 1955: 318 and Pachygnathidae Menge, 1866: 94 are included; mentioning of "Tetragnathiens" by Simon, 1864: 325, but the French ending -iens was not accepted as taxon at familiar level by Bonnet and Platnick, and this is continued here.

In synonymy:

Hivaoa Berland, 1935 = Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Levi, 1980a: 64)

Mimognatha Banks, 1929 = Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Levi, 1980a: 64)

Gen. Glenognatha Simon, 1887 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01376

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Mimognatha Banks, 1929: 90 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05740] (type Theridium foxi McCook, 1894) and Hivaoa Berland, 1935: 50 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05739] (type H. argenteoguttata Berland, 1935) by Levi, 1980a: 64.

Transferred to other genera:

Glenognatha nipponica Kishida, 1936 -- see Pachygnatha

In synonymy:

Glenognatha atlantica (Holm, 1969, T from Dyschiriognatha) = Glenognatha argyrostilba O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876 (Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 346)

Glenognatha centralis Chamberlin, 1925 = Glenognatha minuta Banks, 1898 (Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 148)

Glenognatha hawigtenera (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995, T from Dyschiriognatha) = Glenognatha dentata Zhu & Wen, 1978 (Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003: 204)

Glenognatha maelfaiti Baert, 1987 = Glenognatha argyrostilba O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876 (Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 45)

Glenognatha mira Bryant, 1945 = Glenognatha argyrostilba O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876 (Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 45)

Glenognatha montana (Simon, 1897, T from Dyschiriognatha) = Glenognatha argyrostilba O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876 (Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 45)

Homonym replaced:

Glenognatha chamberlini Caporiacco, 1947 -- see Glenognatha caporiaccoi Platnick, 1993

Glenognatha argenteoguttata (Berland, 1935) | | Marquesas Is. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013638

Hivaoa argenteoguttata Berland, 1935: 51, f. 16-19 (Dm) Original description

Glenognatha argenteoguttata Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 158 (species inquirenda)

Glenognatha argyrostilba (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876) | | Egypt, Niger, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Congo, South Africa. Introduced to Caribbean, Ecuador (mainland, Galapagos Is.), Brazil, St. Helena, Seychelles urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013626

Pachygnatha argyrostilba O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876b: 573, pl. 59, f. 8 (Dmf) Original description

Pachygnatha (D.) argyrostilba Pavesi, 1895a: 504

Dyschiriognatha montana Simon, 1898i: 868 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013631]

Glenognatha mira Bryant, 1945a: 405 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013653]

Dyschiriognatha atlantica Holm, 1969: 63, f. 1-5 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055956]

Dyschiriognatha atlantica Benoit, 1977j: 160, f. 69a-e (m)

Glenognatha maelfaiti Baert, 1987b: 141, f. 1-7 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013651]

Dyschiriognatha argyrostilba Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 346, f. 132-147 (mf, S of Dyschiriognatha atlantica)

Dyschiriognatha argyrostilba Saaristo, 2003: 22, f. 19-20 (m)

Dyschiriognatha argyrostilba Saaristo, 2010: 233, f. 36.24-26 (m)

Glenognatha maelfaiti Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1N, 3B, 4E, 6C, 8G (f)

Dyschiriognatha argyrostilba Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1C, 2B, 4A, 5B-C, 7B (f)

Glenognatha argyrostilba Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 45, f. 31A-H, 32A-H, 33A-F, 34A-F, 35A-H, 36A-M, 37A-E (mf, T from Dyschiriognatha, S of Dyschiriognatha montana, Glenognatha maelfaiti and G. mira)

Glenognatha argyrostilba Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020t: 9, 6 f. (m)

Glenognatha argyrostilba Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2023a: 12, p. 11: 1 f., p. 12: 1-6 (m)

Glenognatha australis (Keyserling, 1883) | | Ecuador to Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013639

Pachygnatha australis Keyserling, 1883a: 211 (Dmf) Original description

Glenognatha australis Simon, 1894a: 716

Glenognatha australis Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1D, 2D, 5E, 7D, 9A-B (f)

Glenognatha australis Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 122, f. 100A-L, 101A-F, 102A-H, 103A-K, 104A-L (mf)

Glenognatha boraceia Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048190

Glenognatha boraceia Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 21, f. 9A-H, 10A-F, 11A-H, 12A-F, 13A-E (Dmf) Original description

Glenognatha caaguara Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048195

Glenognatha caaguara Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 89, f. 71A-H, 72A-F, 73A-H, 74A-J (Dmf) Original description

Glenognatha camisea Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016 | | Peru urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048197

Glenognatha camisea Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 97, f. 77A-G, 78A-H, 79A-D (Dm) Original description

Glenognatha caparu Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016 | | Colombia, Venezuela, Suriname, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048194

Glenognatha caparu Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 85, f. 67A-H, 68A-F, 69A-H, 70A-M (Dmf) Original description

Glenognatha caporiaccoi Platnick, 1993 | | Guyana urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013640

Glenognatha chamberlini Caporiacco, 1947a: 23 (Dm; preoccupied by Berland, 1942, see Glenognatha chamberlini) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055915]

Glenognatha chamberlini Caporiacco, 1948a: 644, f. 46 (m)

Glenognatha caporiaccoi Platnick, 1993c: 373 (replacement name) Original description

Glenognatha caporiaccoi Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 158 (species inquirenda)

Glenognatha chamberlini (Berland, 1942) | | French Polynesia (Austral Is.) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013642

Hivaoa chamberlini Berland, 1942: 18, f. 7e-g (Df) Original description

Glenognatha chamberlini Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 158 (species inquirenda)

Glenognatha dentata (Zhu & Wen, 1978) | | China, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Vietnam, Philippines urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013628

Dyschiriognatha dentata Zhu & Wen, 1978: 16, f. 1-9 (Dmf) Original description

Dyschiriognatha dentata Hu, 1984: 133, f. 135.1-8 (mf)

Dyschiriognatha dentata Chen & Gao, 1990: 74, f. 93a-e (mf)

Dyschiriognatha dentata Okuma, 1991a: 15, f. 1, 2A-F, 3A (m)

Dyschiriognatha dentata Okuma et al., 1993: 31, f. 28A-C (m)

Dyschiriognatha hawigtenera Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 490, f. 300a-e, 301a-g (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013629]

Dyschiriognatha dentata Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 213, f. 119O-R (m)

Dyschiriognatha dentata Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003: 204, f. 111A-K, 112A-G, pl. VIIA-D (mf, S of Dyschiriognatha hawigtenera)

Dyschiriognatha dentata Tanikawa, 2007c: 103, f. 364-365, 812-814 (mf)

Dyschiriognatha dentata Tanikawa, 2009: 412, f. 49-51 (m)

Dyschiriognatha dentata Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1E, 2C, F, 5D, 7C (f)

Glenognatha dentata Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 53, f. 38A-H, 39A-F, 40A-H, 41A-G, 42A-H, 43A-J, 44A-F (Tmf from Dyschiriognatha)

Glenognatha emertoni Simon, 1887 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013643

Glenognatha emertoni Simon, 1887d: 194 (Dm) Original description

Glenognatha emertoni Simon, 1894a: 717, f. 790-791 (m)

Glenognatha emertoni Banks, 1913: 180, pl. 2, f. 22 (m)

Glenognatha emertoni Levi, 1980a: 66, f. 255-271 (m, Df)

Glenognatha emertoni Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1F, 2D, G, 4B, 5F-G, 7E, 9C-D (f)

Glenognatha emertoni Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 153, f. 126A-H, 127A-F, 128A-H, 129A-L (mf)

Glenognatha florezi Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016 | | Colombia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048191

Glenognatha florezi Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 26, f. 14A-H, 15A-F, 16A-H, 17A-H, 18A-H (Dmf) Original description

Glenognatha foxi (McCook, 1894) | | Canada to Panama urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013644

Theridium foxi McCook, 1894: 402, pl. 29, f. 1 (D) Original description

Mysmena bulbifera Banks, 1896e: 66 (Dmf)

Mysmena bulbifera Banks, 1904c: 126, pl. 7, f. 12-13 (m)

Mysmena bulbifera Barrows, 1919a: 210, f. 1-2 (mf)

Diplocephalus crumbi Petrunkevitch, 1925c: 171, pl. 8, f. 1 (Dm)

Glenognatha foxi Crosby & Bishop, 1928b: 1055

Mimognatha foxi Banks, 1929: 90

Mimognatha foxi Kaston, 1945b: 7, f. 27 (f)

Mimognatha foxi Kaston, 1948: 264, f. 834-835 (m)

Glenognatha foxi Levi, 1980a: 68, f. 272-284 (mf)

Glenognatha foxi Coddington, 1990: 16, f. 48 (m)

Glenognatha foxi Breene et al., 1993: 107, f. 167A-C (mf)

Glenognatha foxi Dimitrov, Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2007: 765, f. 8A-D, 11A-B (f)

Glenognatha foxi Álvarez-Padilla et al., 2009: 138, f. 9b (m)

Glenognatha foxi Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2011a: 762, f. 36A-I, 37A-G, 38A-D, 39A-F, 40A-B (mf)

Glenognatha foxi Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1G, 2H, 5H, 7F, 9M (f)

Glenognatha foxi Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 109, f. 89A-H, 90A-F, 91A-H, 92A-L (mf)

Glenognatha foxi Benavides & Hormiga, 2020: 151, f. 5A-C, 18G (f)

Glenognatha ganeshi (Bodkhe, Manthen & Tanikawa, 2014) | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047080

Dyschiriognatha ganeshi Bodkhe, Manthen & Tanikawa, 2014: 29, f. 1-17 (Dm) Original description

Glenognatha ganeshi Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2020b: 198 (T from Dyschiriognatha)

Glenognatha gaujoni Simon, 1895 | | Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013645

Glenognatha gaujoni Simon, 1895g: 151 (Dm) Original description

Glenognatha gaujoni Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1A-B, H, 2I, 7G, 9E-F (f. f)

Glenognatha gaujoni Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 65, f. 1A-C, 8A-B, 50A-H, 51A-F, 52A-H, 53A-L, 54A-L, 55A-I (m, Df)

Glenognatha globosa (Petrunkevitch, 1925) | | Panama, Colombia, Venezuela urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013590

Cyrtognatha globosa Petrunkevitch, 1925a: 123, f. 42 (Df) Original description

Glenognatha globosa Dimitrov & Hormiga, 2009: 102, f. 66A-F (Tf from Cyrtognatha)

Glenognatha globosa Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1I, 2J, 7H, 9G-H (f)

Glenognatha globosa Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 78, f. 60A-H, 61A-F, 62A-H, 63A-I, 64A-H (f, Dm)

Glenognatha gloriae (Petrunkevitch, 1930) | | Puerto Rico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013646

Diplocephalus gloriae Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 224, f. 72-74 (Dm) Original description

Mimognatha gloriae Crosby & Bishop, 1933b: 108

Glenognatha gloriae Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1J, 2K, 4C, 5I, 8A (f. f)

Glenognatha gloriae Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 135, f. 110A-H, 111A-F, 112A-H, 113A-H (m, Df)

Glenognatha gouldi Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016 | | USA, Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048199

Glenognatha gouldi Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 141, f. 114A-H, 115A-F, 116A-H, 117A-B (Dmf) Original description

Glenognatha heleios Hormiga, 1990 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013647

Glenognatha heleios Hormiga in Hormiga & Döbel, 1990: 197, f. 1-14 (Dmf) Original description

Glenognatha heleios Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 326, f. 7H-I (m)

Glenognatha heleios Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1K, 4D, 6A, 8B (f)

Glenognatha heleios Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 120, f. 93A-H, 94A-F, 95A-H, 96A-H, 97A-H (mf)

Glenognatha hirsutissima (Berland, 1935) | | Marquesas Is. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013648

Hivaoa hirsutissima Berland, 1935: 52, f. 20-23 (Df) Original description

Glenognatha hirsutissima Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1L, 3A, 6B, 8C, 9I-J (f)

Glenognatha hirsutissima Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 105, f. 85A-H, 86A-F, 87A-H, 88A-C (f, Dm)

Glenognatha iviei Levi, 1980 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013649

Glenognatha iviei Levi, 1980a: 69, f. 285-289 (Dm) Original description

Glenognatha iviei Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 121, f. 98A-D, 99A-H (m)

Glenognatha januari Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048196

Glenognatha januari Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 94, f. 75A-G, 76A-H (Dm) Original description

Glenognatha lacteovittata (Mello-Leitão, 1944) | | Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013650

Oedothorax lacteovittatus Mello-Leitão, 1944b: 327, f. 9 (Dm) Original description

Glenognatha lacteovittata Ramírez, 1996b: 35, f. 1-10 (Tm from Oedothorax, Df)

Glenognatha lacteovittata Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1M, 3C, 8D, 9K-L (f)

Glenognatha lacteovittata Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 31, f. 19A-H, 20A-G, 21A-, 22A-H, 23A-P, 24A-K (mf)

Glenognatha ledouxi Dierkens, 2016 | | French Polynesia (Society Is.: Tahiti) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049511

Glenognatha ledouxi Dierkens in Dierkens & Ramage, 2016: 145, f. 28-34 (Dm) Original description

Glenognatha mendezi Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016 | | Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048192

Glenognatha mendezi Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 59, f. 45A-H, 46A-F, 47A-H, 48A-J, 49A-N (Dmf) Original description

Glenognatha minuta Banks, 1898 | | Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama, Cuba, Dominican Rep. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013652

Glenognatha minuta Banks, 1898b: 218, pl. 15, f. 15 (Dm) Original description

Glenognatha centralis Chamberlin, 1925d: 216 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013641]

Glenognatha centralis Hormiga & Döbel, 1990: 201, f. 18-24 (m)

Glenognatha minuta Hormiga & Döbel, 1990: 202, f. 25-30 (m)

Glenognatha minuta Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1O, 3D, 4F, 6D, 8E, 9N (f. f)

Glenognatha minuta Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 148, f. 122A-H, 123A-F, 124A-H, 125A-K (m, Df, S of Glenognatha centralis)

Glenognatha nigromaculata (Berland, 1933) | | Marquesas Is. urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013654

Dyschiriognatha nigromaculata Berland, 1933b: 64, f. 46-48 (Dm) Original description

Hivaoa nigromaculata Berland, 1935: 36, 41, 50 (Tm from Dyschiriognatha)

Glenognatha nigromaculata Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 158 (species inquirenda)

Glenognatha osawai Baba & Tanikawa, 2018 | | Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050548

Glenognatha osawai Baba & Tanikawa, 2018: 40, f. 1-9 (Dmf, f only chelicerae) Original description

Glenognatha patriceae Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016 | | Colombia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048193

Glenognatha patriceae Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 72, f. 56A-H, 57A-F, 58A-H, 59A-K (Dmf) Original description

Glenognatha paullula Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2020 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:052051

Glenognatha paullula Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2020b: 197, f. 1A-I (m) Original description

Glenognatha phalangiops (Berland, 1942) | | French Polynesia (Austral Is.) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013655

Hivaoa phalangiops Berland, 1942: 18, f. 7a-d (Df) Original description

Glenognatha phalangiops Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 158 (species inquirenda)

Glenognatha smilodon Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994 | | Cameroon urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013656

Glenognatha smilodon Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 348, f. 148-157 (Dm) Original description

Glenognatha smilodon Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 83, f. 65A-D, 66A-H (m)

Glenognatha spherella Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 | | Mexico to Peru urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013657

Glenognatha spherella Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936a: 66, pl. 17, f. 154-156 (Dmf) Original description

Glenognatha spherella Cabra-García, Hormiga & Brescovit, 2014: 1029, f. 1P, 3E, 4G, 6E, 8F (f)

Glenognatha spherella Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 129, f. 105A-H, 106A-F, 107A-H, 108A-H, 109A-D (mf)

Glenognatha tangi (Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003) | | China, Myanmar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038577

Dyschiriognatha tangi Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003: 207, f. 113A-G, 114A-F (Dmf) Original description

Glenognatha tangi Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 39, f. 25A-H, 26A-F, 27A-H, 28A-I, 29A-F, 30A-M (Tmf from Dyschiriognatha)

Glenognatha timbira Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048200

Glenognatha timbira Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 144, f. 118A-H, 119A-F, 120A-H, 121A-J (Dmf) Original description

Glenognatha vivianae Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048198

Glenognatha vivianae Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016: 100, f. 80A-H, 81A-F, 82A-H, 83A-G, 84A-F (Dmf) Original description