World Spider Catalog

Salticidae Blackwall, 1841

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Lyssomanidae Blackwall, 1877 by Galiano, 1976b: 67; for illustrations of scale morphology of about 60 species, see Hill, 1979; for the phylogeny within the family see Maddison & Hedin, 2003b, Maddison, 2015, Maddison et al., 2017, Prószyński, 2017b and Zhang et al., 2024f; the subfamilies Asemoneinae Maddison, 2015, Eupoinae Maddison, 2015, Hisponinae Simon 1901, Lyssomaninae, Onomastinae Maddison, 2015, Salticinae and Spartaeinae Wanless, 1984 are confirmed by Zhang et al., 2024f: 347.

In synonymy:

Gertschia Kaston, 1945 = Synageles Simon, 1876 (Kaston, 1977: 72)

Gen. Synageles Simon, 1876 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03246

type Attus venator Lucas, 1836; gender masculine

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Gertschia Kaston, 1945a: 16 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:04951] (type Synemosyna noxiosa Hentz, 1850) by Cutler, in Kaston, 1977: 72.

In synonymy:

Synageles albotrimaculatus gallicus Simon, 1937 = Synageles albotrimaculatus (Lucas, 1846) (Jiménez-Valverde & Wesołowska, 2005: 122)

Synageles confusus Kulczyński, 1884 = Synageles venator (Lucas, 1836) (Kulczyński, 1898: 44)

Synageles lepidus Kulczyński, 1897 = Synageles subcingulatus (Simon, 1878) (Logunov & Marusik, 2001: 229)

Synageles ludibundus (Simon, 1875) = Synageles hilarulus (C. L. Koch, 1846) (Simon, 1937: 1247)

Synageles myrmecoides (Rossi, 1846, T from Salticus) = Synageles venator (Lucas, 1836) (Roewer, 1955c: 1040)

Synageles todillus (Simon, 1868) = Synageles dalmaticus (Keyserling, 1863) (Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 6)

Nomina dubia:

Synageles ovatus Franganillo, 1910: 17 (Portugal) -- Jiménez-Valverde & Wesołowska, 2005: 122

Synageles pulcher Franganillo, 1913: 119 (m), 1918a: 58 (f, Spain) -- Jiménez-Valverde & Wesołowska, 2005: 122

Synageles albotrimaculatus (Lucas, 1846) | | Spain, France, Italy, Algeria, Tunisia, Turkey urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036371

Salticus albotrimaculatus Lucas, 1846: 184, pl. 10, f. 6 (Df) Original description

Synageles albotrimaculatus Simon, 1901a: 530

Synageles albotrimaculatus gallicus Simon, 1937: 1155, 1247, f. 1792-1793 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036372]

Synageles albotrimaculatus Jiménez-Valverde & Wesołowska, 2005: 122, f. 1-11 (mf, S of Synageles albotrimaculatus gallicus)

Synageles albotrimaculatus Coşar, Danişman & Yıldıran, 2014: 93, f. 10A-C, 11A-B (m)

Synageles bishopi Cutler, 1988 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036373

Synageles bishopi Cutler, 1988a: 330, f. 5, 10-13 (Dmf) Original description

Synageles canadensis Cutler, 1988 | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036374

Synageles canadensis Cutler, 1988a: 338, f. 29-32 (Dmf) Original description

Synageles canadensis Paquin & Dupérré, 2006: 23, f. 47-52 (mf)

Synageles charitonovi Andreeva, 1976 | | Kazakhstan, Central Asia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036375

Synageles charitonovi Andreeva, 1976: 80, f. 82-83 (Df) Original description

Synageles charitonovi Logunov & Rakov, 1996: 65, f. 1-8, 14-15 (Dm, f)

Synageles dalmaticus (Keyserling, 1863) | | Mediterranean, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Russia (Europe), Caucasus, Jordan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036376

Salticus dalmaticus Keyserling, 1863: 371, pl. 10, f. 17-20 (Dmf) Original description

Salticus todillus Simon, 1868b: 712, pl. 3, f. 15 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057304]

Leptorchestes todillus Simon, 1871a: 354 (T from Salticus)

Salticus todillus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 324, pl. 14, f. 19 (f)

Synageles todillus Simon, 1876a: 17, pl. 9, f. 2 (f, T from Leptorchestes)

Synageles dalmaticus Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 6 (S of Synageles todillus)

Synageles dalmaticus Simon, 1901a: 528, f. 633-635

Synageles dalmaticus Simon, 1937: 1154, 1247, f. 1790-1791 (mf)

Synageles dalmaticus Gherasim, 1970a: 35, f. 1-5 (m)

Synageles dalmaticus Flanczewska, 1981: 221, f. 66-68 (m)

Synageles dalmaticus Thaler, 1983c: 297, f. 17-19, 22, 26, 29 (mf)

Synageles dalmaticus Prószyński, 1984a: 141 (mf)

Synageles dalmaticus Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 522, f. 1395 (mf)

Synageles dalmaticus Fuhn & Gherasim, 1995: 264, f. 122A-F (mf)

Synageles dalmaticus Metzner, 1999: 38, f. 5a-g (mf)

Synageles dalmaticus Prószyński, 2003: 169, f. 694-698 (mf)

Synageles dalmaticus Logunov, 2004a: 39, f. 30-32, 36-38 (mf)

Synageles dalmaticus Ponomarev & Shmatko, 2021: 214, f. 2 (f)

Synageles dalmaticus Zarikian, 2022b: 173, f. 5A-C (f)

Synageles dalmaticus Seropian et al., 2023: 278, f. 115-116 (f)

Synageles hilarulus (C. L. Koch, 1846) | | Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Korea, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036377

Salticus hilarulus C. L. Koch, 1846: 31, f. 1099-1100 (Df) Original description

Leptorchestes ludibundus Simon, 1875c: 94 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066402]

Synageles ludibundus Simon, 1876a: 15, pl. 9, f. 4 (m, T from Leptorchestes)

Salticus hilarulus Menge, 1877: 460, pl. 76, f. 259 (Dm, f)

Synageles hilarulus Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 6

Synageles hilarulus Bösenberg, 1903: 413, pl. 39, f. 609 (mf)

Synageles hilarulus Lessert, 1910b: 545, f. 230 (f)

Synageles hilarulus Simon, 1937: 1155, 1247, f. 1795-1796 (m, removed from S of Synageles venator [rejecting Simon, 1876a: 16], S of S. ludibundus)

Synageles hilarulus Bonnet, 1958: 4219 (validity accepted)

Synageles hilarulus Kekenbosch, 1961b: 17, f. 23 (f)

Synageles hilarulus Wiehle, 1967a: 23, f. 109-112 (mf)

Synageles hilarulus Azheganova, 1968: 136, f. 343-344 (mf)

Synageles hilarulus Vilbaste, 1969: 207, f. 174, 175A-B (mf)

Synageles hilarulus Miller, 1971: 131, pl. XVIII, f. 9-11 (mf)

Synageles hilarulus Prószyński, 1979: 318, f. 291 (f)

Synageles hilarulus Thaler, 1983c: 299, f. 20, 24, 27 (m)

Synageles hilarulus Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 522, f. 1394 (mf)

Synageles hilarulus Fuhn & Gherasim, 1995: 266, f. 123A-F (mf)

Synageles hilarulus Żabka, 1997: 99, f. 382-387 (mf)

Synageles hilarulus Roberts, 1998: 219, f. (mf)

Synageles hilarulus Breuss, 2001: 190, f. 16-19 (m)

Synageles hilarulus Almquist, 2007: 570, f. 476a-d (mf)

Synageles hilarulus Kim, Ye & Jang, 2016: 33, f. A-I (f)

Synageles hilarulus Tilly & Tilly, 2019: 5, f. 4A-B (m)

Synageles hilarulus Suguro, 2019b: 29, f. 9-14 (mf)

Synageles hilarulus Suguro, 2025: 75, f. 7-9 (mf)

Synageles idahoanus (Gertsch, 1934) | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036378

Peckhamia idahoana Gertsch, 1934d: 11, f. 11-12 (Dm) Original description

Gertschia idahoana Kaston, 1945a: 17

Synageles idahoanus Cutler, 1988a: 340, f. 33-36 (m, Df)

Synageles karaman Topçu & Demircan-Aksan, 2020 | | Turkey urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:052600

Synageles karaman Topçu & Demircan Aksan, 2020: 261, f. 1A-H (Dm) Original description

Synageles khorasanicus Logunov, 2023 | | Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057459

Synageles khorasanicus Logunov, 2023a: 762, f. 139-144 (Df) Original description

Synageles leechi Cutler, 1988 | | Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036379

Synageles leechi Cutler, 1988a: 342, f. 37-38 (Dm) Original description

Synageles mexicanus Cutler, 1988 | | USA, Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036381

Synageles mexicanus Cutler, 1988a: 333, f. 2-4, 6, 14-17 (Dmf) Original description

Synageles morsei Logunov & Marusik, 1999 | | Russia (Far East) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036382

Synageles morsei Logunov & Marusik, 1999b: 28, f. 6-8 (Df) Original description

Synageles nigriculus Danilov, 1997 | | Russia (South Siberia, Far East) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036383

Synageles nigriculus Danilov, 1997b: 115, f. 1D-F (Df) Original description

Synageles noxiosus (Hentz, 1850) | | North America, Bahamas urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036384

Synemosyna noxiosa Hentz, 1850: 288, pl. 10, f. 10 (Df) Original description

Peckhamia scorpiona Peckham & Peckham, 1909: 370, pl. 50, f. 3, pl. 51, f. 3 (mf; misidentified per Kaston, 1948: 450)

Peckhamia scorpiona Emerton, 1909: 233, pl. 12, f. 6 (mf; misidentified per Kaston, 1948: 450)

Gertschia noxiosa Kaston, 1945a: 17

Gertschia noxiosa Kaston, 1948: 450, f. 1632-1633, 1648-1649, 2138 (mf)

Synageles noxiosa Oehler, 1980: 5, f. 13-16 (mf)

Synageles noxiosus Cutler, 1988a: 334, f. 1, 7, 18-24 (mf)

Synageles noxiosus Maddison, 1996: 331, f. 29 (m)

Synageles noxiosus Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 202, f. 2263-2266 (mf)

Synageles occidentalis Cutler, 1988 | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036385

Synageles occidentalis Cutler, 1988a: 343, f. 9, 39-46 (Dmf) Original description

Synageles persianus Logunov, 2004 | | Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040886

Synageles persianus Logunov, 2004a: 37, f. 26-28, 33-35 (Dmf) Original description

Synageles ramitus Andreeva, 1976 | | Ukraine, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Mongolia, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036388

Synageles ramitus Andreeva, 1976: 81, f. 84-85 (Df) Original description

Synageles charitonovi Prószyński, 1979: 318, f. 290 (m; misidentified per Logunov & Rakov, 1996: 70)

Synageles ramitus Prószyński, 1982: 290, f. 46-47 (f)

Synageles charitonovi Zhou & Song, 1988: 11, f. 13a-f (mf; misidentified per Logunov & Rakov, 1996: 70)

Synageles charitonovi Hu & Wu, 1989: 394, f. 286.3-6 (mf; misidentified per Logunov & Rakov, 1996: 70)

Synageles charitohovi Zhao, 1993: 422, f. 220a-c (mf, lapsus; misidentified per Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 560)

Synageles charitohovi Zhao, 1995: 1138, f. 561a-c (mf, lapsus; misidentified sensu Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 560)

Synageles ramitus Logunov & Rakov, 1996: 70, f. 9-11, 23-34 (Dm, f)

Synageles ramitus Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 560, f. 317O-P, 318D-E (mf)

Synageles ramitus Peng, 2020: 440, f. 321a-d (mf)

Synageles repudiatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876) | | Egypt urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036389

Salticus repudiatus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876b: 625 (Df) Original description

Synageles repudiatus Simon, 1901a: 530

Synageles scutiger Prószyński, 1979 | | Greece, Ukraine, Azerbaijan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036390

Synageles scutiger Prószyński, 1979: 318, f. 292-297 (Dm) Original description

Synageles scutiger Logunov & Marusik, 2000: 272, f. 34-36 (Df)

Synageles subcingulatus (Simon, 1878) | | Central Europe, Ukraine, Russia (Europe, West Siberia), Turkey, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Central Asia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036391

Leptorchestes subcingulatus Simon, 1878b: 201 (Df) Original description

Synageles venator Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 6, pl. 1, f. 2 (mf; misidentified per Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 288)

Synageles lepidus Kulczyński in Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 288 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036380]

Synageles subcingulatus Simon, 1901a: 530

Synageles lepidus Spassky & Shnitnikov, 1937: 292, f. 11-13 (mf)

Synageles lepidus Thaler, 1983c: 296, f. 5-13 (mf)

Synageles lepidus Logunov & Rakov, 1996: 68, f. 12-13, 16-20 (mf)

Synageles subcingulatus Logunov & Marusik, 2000: 273, f. 37-39 (f)

Synageles subcingulatus Logunov & Marusik, 2001: 229 (S of Synageles lepidus)

Synageles lepidus Svatoň, Gajdoš & Pekár, 2001: 56, f. 3.4-6 (mf)

Synageles venator (Lucas, 1836) | | Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Iran, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, China, Japan. Introduced to Canada, Azores urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036392 TYPE SPECIES

Attus venator Lucas, 1836d: 629, pl. 15, f. 1-3 (Dmf; see also Lucas, 1836e: 1) Original description

Synageles venator Kulczyński, 1898: 44 (S of Synageles confusus)

Salticus myrmecoides Rossi, 1846: 15 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066403]

Synageles venator Bösenberg, 1903: 413, pl. 39, f. 608 (mf)

Leptorchestes venator Simon, 1871a: 353

Synageles venator Lessert, 1910b: 544, f. 229 (mf)

Synageles venator Simon, 1876a: 16, pl. 9, f. 3 (mf; S of Salticus hilarulus, revalidated by Simon, 1937: 1247, see Synageles hilarulus)

Synageles venator Dahl & Dahl, 1926: 39, f. 116-118 (mf)

Synageles venator Becker, 1882b: 11, pl. 1, f. 5 (mf)

Synageles venator Simon, 1937: 1155, 1247, f. 1794 (mf)

Synageles confusus Kulczyński, 1884: 192, pl. 8, f. 22 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066404]

Synageles venator Palmgren, 1943: 13, f. 9 (mf)

Synageles venator Peckham & Peckham, 1892: 61, pl. 5, f. 1 (mf)

Synageles venator Tullgren, 1944: 43, pl. 4, f. 71-73 (mf)

Synageles venator Locket & Millidge, 1951: 239, f. 118D-F (mf)

Synageles venator Roewer, 1955c: 1040 (validity of Synageles hilarulus not accepted [contra Simon, 1937: 1247, but accepted by later authors], S of Salticus myrmecoides)

Synageles venator Kekenbosch, 1961b: 18, f. 24 (f)

Synageles venator Wiehle, 1967a: 23, f. 99-108 (mf)

Synageles venator Azheganova, 1968: 138, f. 345-347 (mf)

Synageles venator Vilbaste, 1969: 205, f. 107G, 172A-B, 173A-B (mf)

Synageles venator Engelhardt, 1971: 317, f. 2-7 (mf)

Synageles venator Miller, 1971: 131, pl. XVIII, f. 6-8 (m)

Synageles venator Brændegaard, 1972: 221, f. 138-139 (mf)

Synageles venator Prószyński, 1979: 318, f. 298-306 (m)

Synageles venator Thaler, 1983c: 297, f. 14-16, 21, 23, 25, 28 (mf)

Synageles venator Roberts, 1985: 130, f. 45b (mf)

Synageles venator Zhou & Song, 1988: 11, f. 14a-c (f)

Synageles venator Cutler, 1988a: 338, f. 8, 25-28 (mf)

Synageles venator Hu & Wu, 1989: 395, f. 286.7-8 (f)

Synageles venator Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 522, f. 1396 (mf)

Synageles venator Zhao, 1993: 423, f. 221a-b (f)

Synageles venator Roberts, 1995: 205, f. (mf)

Synageles venator Fuhn & Gherasim, 1995: 267, f. 124A-F (mf)

Synageles venator Zhao, 1995: 1140, f. 562a-b (f)

Synageles venator Logunov & Rakov, 1996: 73, f. 36-42 (mf)

Synageles venator Mcheidze, 1997: 92, f. 95-98 (mf)

Synageles venator Żabka, 1997: 100, f. 388-392 (mf)

Synageles venator Roberts, 1998: 219, f. (mf)

Synageles venator Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 560, f. 318F-G (f)

Synageles venator Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 202, f. 2267-2269 (mf)

Synageles venator Almquist, 2007: 571, f. 477a-e (mf)

Synageles venator Ono, Ikeda & Kono, 2009: 587, f. 341-344 (mf)

Synageles venator Drapeau Picard, 2017: 17, f. 3a-d (mf)

Synageles venator Prószyński, 2017b: 114, f. 50Y-Z, 51K (mf)

Synageles venator Peng, 2020: 441, f. 322a-D (mf)

Synageles venator Azarkina & Haddad, 2020: 18, f. 441 (m)