World Spider Catalog

Salticidae Blackwall, 1841

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Lyssomanidae Blackwall, 1877 by Galiano, 1976b: 67; for illustrations of scale morphology of about 60 species, see Hill, 1979; for the phylogeny within the family see Maddison & Hedin, 2003b, Maddison, 2015, Maddison et al., 2017, Prószyński, 2017b and Zhang et al., 2024f; the subfamilies Asemoneinae Maddison, 2015, Eupoinae Maddison, 2015, Hisponinae Simon 1901, Lyssomaninae, Onomastinae Maddison, 2015, Salticinae and Spartaeinae Wanless, 1984 are confirmed by Zhang et al., 2024f: 347.

In synonymy:

Velloa G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1903 = Harmochirus Simon, 1886 (Wesołowska, 1994: 198)

Gen. Harmochirus Simon, 1886 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02977

type Harmochirus malaccensis Simon, 1886; gender masculine; syn. of Harmochirus brachiatus (Thorell, 1877)

N.B.: year of description corrected per Frétey, 2023: 125; considered a senior synonym of Velloa G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1903: 216 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05781] (type V. modesta G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1903 [only on p. 216 spelled Valloa, but at each species and figure Velloa] by Wesolowska, 1994: 198 (removed from synonymy of Chirothecia Taczanowski, 1878, contra Galiano, 1972b: 4 and Berland & Millot, 1941: 366 [sub Partona]).

Transferred to other genera:

Harmochirus kochiensis Bohdanowicz & Prószyński, 1987 -- see Sibianor

Harmochirus latens (Logunov, 1991) -- see Sibianor

Harmochirus niger Kishida, 1910 -- see Sibianor

Harmochirus nigriculus Logunov & Wesołowska, 1992 -- see Sibianor

Harmochirus proszynski Zhu & Song, 2001 -- see Sibianor

Harmochirus pullus (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) -- see Sibianor

In synonymy:

Harmochirus albibarbis G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1895 = Harmochirus luculentus Simon, 1886 (Logunov, 2001a: 254)

Harmochirus elegans (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1903) = Harmochirus luculentus Simon, 1886 (Logunov, 2001a: 254)

Harmochirus malaccensis Simon, 1886 = Harmochirus brachiatus (Thorell, 1877) (Simon, 1903a: 867)

Harmochirus nervosus Thorell, 1890 = Harmochirus brachiatus (Thorell, 1877) (Simon, 1903g: 735)

Nomina dubia:

Harmochirus africanus (Simon, 1904c: 447, m, Ethiopia, originally in Partona) -- Wesołowska, 1994: 206

Harmochirus modestus (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1903: 217, pl. 24, f. 9, m, South Africa, originally in Velloa) -- Wesołowska, 1994: 206

Harmochirus rufescens Caporiacco, 1940b: 304, f. 4 (f, Somalia) -- Wesołowska, 1994: 206

Harmochirus ahmedi Biswas, 2016 | | Bangladesh urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048951

Harmochirus ahmedi Biswas, 2016: 127, f. 2a-f (Dm) Original description

Harmochirus bianoriformis (Strand, 1907) | | Madagascar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:033693

Velloa bianoriformis Strand, 1907d: 746 (Dmf) Original description

Velloa bianoriformis Strand, 1908a: 192 (mf)

Partona bianoriformis Berland & Millot, 1941: 366 (T from Velloa)

Harmochirus bianoriformis Wesołowska, 1994: 199 (T from Chirothecia; mf f. 4-13 see Harmochirus luculentus)

Harmochirus brachiatus (Thorell, 1877) | | India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, China, Taiwan, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:033694 TYPE SPECIES

Ballus brachiatus Thorell, 1877b: 626 (Dm) Original description

Harmochirus malaccensis Simon, 1886c: 441 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059472]

Harmochirus nervosus Thorell, 1890b: 68 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059473]

Harmochirus malaccensis Thorell, 1892a: 68, 336

Harmochirus nervosus Thorell, 1892a: 246

Harmochirus brachiatus Simon, 1903a: 867, f. 1024-1026 (m, S of Harmochirus malaccensis)

Harmochirus brachiatus Simon, 1903g: 735 (S of Harmochirus nervosus)

Harmochirus brachiatus Saito, 1959: 155, f. 208a-c (f)

Harmochirus brachiatus Yin & Wang, 1979: 30, f. 7A-B (m)

Harmochirus brachiatus Hu, 1984: 362, f. 377.1-3 (m)

Harmochirus brachiatus Prószyński, 1984a: 55-56 (f)

Harmochirus brachiatus Prószyński, 1987: 59, 108 (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Davies & Żabka, 1989: 214, pl. 22 (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Feng, 1990: 205, f. 180.1-4 (m)

Harmochirus brachiatus Chen & Zhang, 1991: 304, f. 322.1-5 (m)

Harmochirus brachiatus Song, Zhu & Li, 1993: 884, f. 60A-C (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Okuma et al., 1993: 79, f. 70 (f)

Harmochirus bruchiatus Barrion & Litsinger, 1994: 285, f. 1427-1430 (mf, lapsus)

Harmochirus brachiatus Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 90, f. 46a-g, 47a-j (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Logunov, Ikeda & Ono, 1997: 5, f. 9-10 (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 513, f. 299D, K, 326B-C (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Seo, 1999a: 109, f. 3 (f)

Harmochirus brachiatus Logunov, 2001a: 250, f. 2, 169-174, 177-191, 247, 265 (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Peng, Tso & Li, 2002: 8, f. 30-35 (m)

Harmochirus insulanus Namkung, 2002: 581, f. 43.25a-b (mf; misidentified sensu Namkung, 2003: 585)

Harmochirus brachiatus Cho & Kim, 2002: 96, f. 15-16, 114-115, 221-222 (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Kim & Cho, 2002: 105, f. 115-120 (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Namkung, 2003: 585, f. 43.25a-b (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Lee et al., 2004: 99, unnumbered f. (m)

Harmochirus brachiatus Prószyński & Deeleman-Reinhold, 2010: 166, f. 73-78 (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 482, f. 348A-C (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Yin et al., 2012: 1373, f. 746a-l (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Sen et al., 2015: 39, f. 122-129, pl. 13 (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Biswas, 2016: 125, f. 1a-g (f)

Harmochirus brachiatus Dhali, Saha & Raychaudhuri, 2017: 36, f. 86-91, pl. 17 (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Prószyński, 2017b: 51, f. 22F,L,R,X (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Fu, 2018: 134, f. 25-5.A-G, pl. 28 (mf)

Harmochirus brachiatus Peng, 2020: 157, f. 101a-m (mf)

Harmochirus duboscqi (Berland & Millot, 1941) | | Senegal, Ivory Coast urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:033695

Partona duboscqi Berland & Millot, 1941: 365, f. 65 (Df) Original description

Tacuna duboscqi Roewer, 1961b: 80, f. 30 (Dm)

Harmochirus duboscqi Wesołowska, 1994: 201 (T from Chirothecia; mf f. 16-20 see Harmochirus luculentus)

Harmochirus exaggeratus Caleb & Mathai, 2015 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047418

Harmochirus exaggeratus Caleb & Mathai, 2015: 117, f. 1-26 (Dmf) Original description

Harmochirus exaggeratus Caleb, 2020b: 15732, f. 15H-K, 16A-C, 28C (mf)

Harmochirus insulanus (Kishida, 1914) | | China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:033697

Harmochirus brachiatus Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 373, pl. 9, f. 147, pl. 13, f. 356 (mf; misidentified per Logunov, Ikeda & Ono, 1997: 3)

Chirothecia insulana Kishida, 1914c: 226, 2 f. (Df) Original description

Harmochirus brachiatus Kawana & Matsumoto, 1986: 70, f. 2G-J (mf; misidentified per Logunov, Ikeda & Ono, 1997: 3)

Harmochirus brachiatus Yaginuma, 1986a: 236, f. 131.3 (m; misidentified per Logunov, Ikeda & Ono, 1997: 3)

Harmochirus pullus Bohdanowicz & Prószyński, 1987: 57, f. 42-44 (m; misidentified per Logunov, Ikeda & Ono, 1997: 4)

Harmochirus brachiatus Chikuni, 1989b: 147, f. 3 (mf; misidentified per Logunov, Ikeda & Ono, 1997: 3)

Harmochirus brachiatus Peng et al., 1993: 79, f. 229-241 (mf; misidentified per Logunov, 2001a: 253)

Harmochirus insulanus Logunov, Ikeda & Ono, 1997: 3, f. 1-8 (Dm, f, T from Chirothecia)

Harmochirus insulanus Logunov, 2001a: 253, f. 194-203 (mf)

Harmochirus insulanus Ono, Ikeda & Kono, 2009: 583, f. 248-251 (mf)

Harmochirus insulanus Kim & Lee, 2014: 71, f. 51A-D, pl. 13 (mf)

Harmochirus lloydi Narayan, 1915 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:033700

Harmochirus lloydi Narayan, 1915: 394, pl. 32, f. 1 (Df) Original description

Harmochirus luculentus Simon, 1886 | | Sub-Saharan Africa, Zanzibar, Yemen urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:033701

Harmochirus luculentus Simon, 1886g: 387 (Dm) Original description

Harmochirus albibarbis Peckham & Peckham, 1895a: 171, pl. 16, f. 3 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:033692]

Velloa elegans Peckham & Peckham, 1903: 218, pl. 24, f. 10 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:033696]

Velloa bianoriformis Lessert, 1936: 291, f. 87-90 (mf; misidentified per Logunov, 2001a: 254)

Valloa elongata Roewer, 1955c: 1236 (lapsus)

Harmochirus luculentus Prószyński, 1987: 59, 108 (m)

Harmochirus albibarbis Wesołowska, 1994: 198, f. 1-3 (m)

Harmochirus bianoriformis Wesołowska, 1994: 199, f. 4-13 (mf; misidentified per Logunov, 2001a: 254)

Harmochirus duboscqi Wesołowska, 1994: 201, f. 16-20 (mf; misidentified per Logunov, 2001a: 254, 281)

Harmochirus elegans Wesołowska, 1994: 203, f. 14-15 (f, T from Chirothecia)

Harmochirus luculentus Wesołowska, 1994: 205, f. 21-24 (m)

Harmochirus luculentus Logunov, 2001a: 254, f. 206-246 (mf, S of Harmochirus albibarbis and Velloa elegans)

Harmochirus luculentus Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007: 214, f. 68-75 (mf)

Harmochirus luculentus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2025b: 58, p. 57: f. 1, p. 58: f. 1-6 (mf)

Harmochirus maijdiensis Biswas, 2024 | | Bangladesh urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060604

Harmochirus maijdiensis Biswas, 2024a: 69, f. 1a-h (Dm) Original description

Harmochirus narayani Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2024 | | Bangladesh urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066390

Harmochirus narayani Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2024b: 38, f. 1a-g, 2a-b (Df) Original description

Harmochirus pineus Xiao & Wang, 2005 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040822

Harmochirus pineus Xiao & Wang, 2005: 527, f. 1-12 (Dmf) Original description

Harmochirus pineus Peng, 2020: 158, f. 102a-e (mf)

Harmochirus tikaderi Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2019 | | Bangladesh urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051491

Harmochirus tikaderi Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2019b: 23, f. 1a-h, 2 (Dm) Original description

Harmochirus zabkai Logunov, 2001 | | Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Laos, Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038246

Harmochirus brachiatus Tikader, 1976d: 410, f. 1-5 (f; misidentified per Logunov, 2001a: 260)

Harmochirus brachiatus Żabka, 1985: 205, f. 35-49 (mf; misidentified per Logunov, 2001a: 260)

Harmochirus zabkai Logunov, 2001a: 260, f. 248-256 (Dmf) Original description

Harmochirus zabkai Caleb, 2020b: 15732, f. 16D-E, 28D (m)