World Spider Catalog

Salticidae Blackwall, 1841

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: Considered a senior synonym of Lyssomanidae by Galiano, 1976b: 67; for illustrations of scale morphology of about 60 species, see Hill, 1979; for a database with diagnostic drawings maintained by J. Prószyński, see: http://www.peckhamia.com/salticidae; for the phylogeny within the family see Maddison & Hedin, 2003b, Maddison, 2015, Maddison et al., 2017 and Prószyński, 2017b.

In synonymy:

Flacilloides Denis, 1954 = Afraflacilla Berland & Millot, 1941 (Denis, 1955b: 120)

Gen. Afraflacilla Berland & Millot, 1941 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02797

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Flacilloides Denis, 1954a: 319 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05473] (type F. antineae Denis, 1954) by Denis, 1955b: 120; removed from the synonymy of Pseudicius Simon, 1885 by Żabka, 1993: 280 and several species transferred addionally from Pseudicius by Prószyński, 2017b: 43, contra Wanless, 1984c: 76 and Clark, 1974: 22.

Transferred to other genera:

Afraflacilla courti Żabka, 1993 -- see Psenuc

Afraflacilla milledgei Żabka & Gray, 2002 -- see Psenuc

In synonymy:

Afraflacilla punctatus (Denis, 1947) = Afraflacilla tamaricis Simon, 1885 (Prószyński, 1989a: 54, sub Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla samoaensis (Prószyński, 1992) = Afraflacilla kraussi Marples, 1964 (Berry, Beatty & Prószyński, 1998: 165, sub Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla tripunctatus (Prószyński, 1989) = Afraflacilla braunsi G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1903 (Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007: 248, sub Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla adavathurensis Sampathkumar & Caleb, 2023 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059610

Afraflacilla adavathurensis Sampathkumar & Caleb in Babu et al., 2023: 461, f. 1-5 (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla albopunctata Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2022 | | Ivory Coast urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:056013

Afraflacilla albopunctata Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2022: 5, f. 3A-D (Df) Original description

Afraflacilla altera (Wesołowska, 2000) | | Zimbabwe, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:035773

Pseudicius alter Wesołowska, 2000a: 169, f. 67-73 (Dmf) Original description

Pseudicius alter Wesołowska & Haddad, 2009: 74, f. 152-155 (m)

Afraflacilla altera Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla antineae (Denis, 1954) | | Algeria urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032218

Flacilloides antineae Denis, 1954a: 319, f. 12-13 (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla antineae Denis, 1955b: 120

Afraflacilla arabica Wesołowska & van Harten, 1994 | | Egypt, Yemen, Iran, Afghanistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039432

Afraflacilla arabica Wesołowska & van Harten, 1994: 4, f. 6-10 (Dm) Original description

Pseudicius arabicus Logunov & Zamanpoore, 2005: 227, f. 34, 38-39 (m, Df, removed from S of Pseudicius braunsi, rejecting Wesołowska, 1996: 38)

Pseudicius arabicus Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007: 252 (males from Yemen and Afghanistan are not conspecific)

Afraflacilla arabica Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla asorotica (Simon, 1890) | | Libya, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Yemen urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032219

Pseudicius asoroticus Simon, 1890a: 116 (Dmf) Original description

Pseudicius asoroticus Prószyński, 1993: 48, f. 41-47 (mf)

Afraflacilla asorotica Wesołowska & van Harten, 1994: 7, f. 11-13 (f, T from Pseudicius)

Pseudicius asoroticus Prószyński, 2003: 148, f. 628-629 (f)

Afraflacilla ballarini Cao & Li, 2016 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048877

Afraflacilla ballarini Cao & Li in Cao, Li & Żabka, 2016: 46, f. 1A-D, 2A-B (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla bamakoi Berland & Millot, 1941 | | Mali urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032220

Afraflacilla bamakoi Berland & Millot, 1941: 329, f. 31 (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla bamakoi Żabka, 1993: 280, f. 3A-C (m, T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla banni Prajapati, Tatu & Kamboj, 2021 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:053523

Afraflacilla banni Prajapati, Tatu & Kamboj, 2021b: 990, f. 1-15 (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla berlandi Denis, 1955 | | Libya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032221

Afraflacilla berlandi Denis, 1955b: 120, f. 20 (Df) Original description

Afraflacilla berlandi Denis, 1966e: 117, f. 25-26 (f)

Afraflacilla bipunctata (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1903) | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:035777

Pseudicius bipunctatus Peckham & Peckham, 1903: 212, pl. 26, f. 3 (Df) Original description

Pseudicius bipunctatus Prószyński, 1987: 54 (f)

Afraflacilla bipunctata Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla braunsi (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1903) | | South Africa, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, Turkmenistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:035778

Pseudicius braunsii Peckham & Peckham, 1903: 211, pl. 26, f. 1 (Dmf) Original description

Icius braunsi Prószyński, 1987: 52 (m)

Pseudicius tripunctatus Prószyński, 1989a: 53, f. 53-55 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:035834]

Pseudicius braunsi Logunov, 1995c: 240, f. 12-19 (mf)

Pseudicius braunsi Wesołowska, 1996: 38, f. 27A-D (f, S of Afraflacilla arabica, rejected by Logunov & Zamanpoore, 2005: 227)

Pseudicius braunsi Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007: 248, f. 169-177 (mf, S of Pseudicius tripunctatus)

Afraflacilla braunsi Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla tripunctata Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius; N.B.: listed separately, but S with A. braunsi not rejected)

Afraflacilla braunsi Wesołowska & van Harten, 2020: 608, f. 8-9 (m)

Afraflacilla datuntata (Logunov & Zamanpoore, 2005) | | Afghanistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040878

Pseudicius datuntatus Logunov & Zamanpoore, 2005: 228, f. 35-36 (Df) Original description

Afraflacilla datuntata Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla elegans (Wesołowska & Cumming, 2008) | | Zimbabwe, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:041652

Pseudicius elegans Wesołowska & Cumming, 2008: 208, f. 135-143 (Dmf) Original description

Pseudicius elegans Wesołowska & Haddad, 2013: 216, f. 125-126 (f)

Afraflacilla elegans Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla epiblemoides (Chyzer, 1891) | | Central, Eastern Europe, Turkey, Armenia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032223

Pseudicius epiblemoides Chyzer in Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 12, pl. 1, f. 16 (Dmf) Original description

Pseudicius epiblemoides Fuhn & Gherasim, 1984: 52, f. 2A-B (m)

Pseudicius epiblemoides Fuhn & Gherasim, 1995: 157, f. 8D, 73A-d (m)

Afraflacilla epiblemoides Metzner, 1999: 89, f. 54a-i (mf, T from Pseudicius)

Pseudicius epiblemoides Dobroruka, 2001: 50, f. 1A-E, 2A-E (m)

Pseudicius epiblemoides Prószyński, 2003: 157, f. 635-637 (mf)

Afraflacilla epiblemoides Naumova, Blagoev & Deltshev, 2021: 245, f. 17A-D (mf)

Afraflacilla eximia (Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2000) | | Tanzania urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:035791

Pseudicius eximius Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2000: 90, f. 248-250 (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla eximia Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla fayda (Wesołowska & van Harten, 2010) | | United Arab Emirates urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043300

Pseudicius fayda Wesołowska & van Harten, 2010: 50, f. 61-63 (Df) Original description

Afraflacilla fayda Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla flavipes (Caporiacco, 1935) | | Turkmenistan, Pakistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:035792

Icius flavipes Caporiacco, 1935b: 209, pl. 5, f. 7 (Df) Original description

Icius flavipes Andreeva, Hęciak & Prószyński, 1984: 371, f. 43-45 (f)

Pseudicius flavipes Prószyński, 1990: 181 (Tf from Icius)

Icius flavipes Logunov & Rakov, 1998: 120, f. 1-4 (f)

Afraflacilla flavipes Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla goaensis Gawas & Tripathi, 2024 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059771

Afraflacilla goaensis Gawas & Tripathi in Gawas et al., 2024: 126, f. 1A-B, 2A-G (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla grayorum Żabka, 1993 | | Australia (Western Australia, Queensland) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032224

Afraflacilla grayorum Żabka, 1993: 286, f. 7A-D, 8A-C (Dmf) Original description

Afraflacilla gunbar Żabka & Gray, 2002 | | Australia (New South Wales) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039053

Afraflacilla gunbar Żabka & Gray, 2002: 272, f. 3A-C (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla histrionica (Simon, 1902) | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:035796

Pseudicius histrionicus Simon, 1902d: 27 (Df) Original description

Pseudicius histrionicus Prószyński, 1987: 81 (f)

Afraflacilla histrionica Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla huntorum Żabka, 1993 | | Australia (Western Australia, Victoria) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032225

Afraflacilla huntorum Żabka, 1993: 288, f. 9A-D (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla imitator (Wesołowska & Haddad, 2013) | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:045915

Pseudicius imitator Wesołowska & Haddad, 2013: 219, f. 95, 133-138 (Dmf) Original description

Afraflacilla imitator Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla javanica (Prószyński & Deeleman-Reinhold, 2012) | | Indonesia (Java) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:044972

Pseudicius javanicus Prószyński & Deeleman-Reinhold, 2012: 57, f. 164-172 (Dmf) Original description

Afraflacilla javanica Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla karinae (Haddad & Wesołowska, 2011) | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:044053

Pseudicius karinae Haddad & Wesołowska, 2011: 114, f. 145, 179-181 (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla karinae Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla kerala Babu, Tripathi & Caleb, 2023 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059611

Afraflacilla kerala Babu, Tripathi & Caleb in Babu et al., 2023: 463, f. 6-14 (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla kraussi (Marples, 1964) | | Marshall Is., Cook Is., Samoa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:035800

Flacilla kraussi Marples, 1964: 405, f. 5 (Dm) Original description

Flacillula kraussi Brignoli, 1983c: 638

Pseudicius samoaensis Prószyński, 1992a: 110, f. 117-120 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055764]

Pseudicius kraussi Berry, Beatty & Prószyński, 1997: 125 (T from Flacillula)

Pseudicius kraussi Berry, Beatty & Prószyński, 1998: 165, f. 44-52, 57-58 (m, Df, S of Pseudicius samoaensis)

Pseudicius kraussi Prószyński & Deeleman-Reinhold, 2012: 51, f. 147-149, 152-154, 163 (f)

Afraflacilla kraussi Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla kurichiadensis Sudhin, Nafin & Sudhikumar, 2022 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055762

Afraflacilla kurichiadensis Sudhin, Nafin & Sudhikumar in Sudhin et al., 2022a: 332, f. 7-9, 21-22, 33-40 (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla miajlarensis Tripathi, Jangid, Prajapati & Siliwal, 2022 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055761

Afraflacilla miajlarensis Tripathi, Jangid, Prajapati & Siliwal in Sudhin et al., 2022a: 327, f. 1-6, 10-20, 23-32 (Dmf) Original description

Afraflacilla mikhailovi (Prószyński, 2000) | | Israel urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:035806

Pseudicius mikhailovi Prószyński, 2000: 258, f. 102-103 (Dm) Original description

Pseudicius mikhailovi Prószyński, 2003: 150, f. 612-613 (m)

Afraflacilla mikhailovi Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla mushrif (Wesołowska & van Harten, 2010) | | United Arab Emirates urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043301

Pseudicius mushrif Wesołowska & van Harten, 2010: 50, f. 64-66 (Df) Original description

Afraflacilla mushrif Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla philippinensis (Prószyński, 1992) | | Philippines urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:035815

Pseudicius philippinensis Prószyński, 1992a: 108, f. 104-111 (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla philippinensis Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla refulgens (Wesołowska & Cumming, 2008) | | Zimbabwe urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:041653

Pseudicius refulgens Wesołowska & Cumming, 2008: 210, f. 143-152 (Dmf) Original description

Afraflacilla refulgens Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla reiskindi (Prószyński, 1992) | | Borneo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:035821

Pseudicius reiskindi Prószyński, 1992a: 109, f. 112-116 (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla reiskindi Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla risbeci Berland & Millot, 1941 | | Senegal urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032226

Afraflacilla risbeci Berland & Millot, 1941: 331, f. 33 (Df) Original description

Pseudicius risbeci Prószyński, 1987: 55 (f)

Afraflacilla roberti (Wesołowska, 2011) | | Kenya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:044490

Pseudicius roberti Wesołowska, 2011a: 485, f. 27-31, 35 (Dmf) Original description

Afraflacilla roberti Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla scenica Denis, 1955 | | Niger urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032227

Afraflacilla scenica Denis, 1955b: 121, f. 21 (Dmf) Original description

Afraflacilla similis Berland & Millot, 1941 | | Senegal urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032228

Afraflacilla similis Berland & Millot, 1941: 33, f. 32 (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla spiniger (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) | | Egypt to South Sudan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:035830

Salticus spiniger O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 339 (Dmf; for the ending of the specific epithet see ICZN Article 31.2.2) Original description

Pseudicius spiniger Simon, 1907e: 9

Pseudicius spiniger Caporiacco, 1941b: 151, f. 66 (m)

Icius spiniger Andreeva, Hęciak & Prószyński, 1984: 372, f. 46-48 (mf)

Pseudicius spiniger Prószyński, 1987: 51 (m)

Pseudicius spiniger Prószyński, 2003: 157, f. 630-632 (mf)

Pseudicius spiniger Logunov & Zamanpoore, 2005: 228, f. 32-33, 37 (mf)

Pseudicius spiniger Siyam, Dunlop & El-Hennawy, 2015: 271, f. 34-36 (m)

Afraflacilla spiniger Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla stridulator Żabka, 1993 | | Australia (Western Australia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032229

Afraflacilla stridulator Żabka, 1993: 291, f. 11A-B, 12A-C (Dmf) Original description

Afraflacilla tamaricis (Simon, 1885) | | North Africa, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Yemen urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:035832

Pseudicius tamaricis Simon, 1885i: 2 (Dmf) Original description

Pseudicius tamaricis Simon, 1901a: 614, f. 737

Pseudicius punctatus Denis, 1947a: 70, pl. 6, f. 4-6 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055763]

Pseudicius tamaricis Prószyński, 1987: 52-54 (mf)

Pseudicius punctatus Prószyński, 1987: 53-54 (f)

Pseudicius tamaricis Prószyński, 1989a: 54, f. 56-63 (mf, S of Pseudicius punctatus)

Pseudicius tamaricis Prószyński, 2003: 154, f. 614-622 (mf)

Pseudicius tamaricis Wesołowska & van Harten, 2007: 253, f. 182-186 (f)

Afraflacilla tamaricis Miñano & Tamajón, 2017: 75, f. 4c, 5c (mf)

Afraflacilla tamaricis Prószyński, 2017b: 43, f. 19A (mf, T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla tarajalis Miñano & Tamajón, 2017 | | Spain, Portugal, Morocco, Greece (Crete) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049839

Pseudicius badius Schenkel, 1938b: 19, f. 8 (f; misidentified per Miñano & Tamajón, 2017: 80)

Afraflacilla tarajalis Miñano & Tamajón, 2017: 72, f. 1a-b, 3a-b, 4a, 5a (Dmf) Original description

Afraflacilla tarajalis Bosmans, 2023: 37, f. 11A-J (mf)

Afraflacilla venustula (Wesołowska & Haddad, 2009) | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042467

Pseudicius venustulus Wesołowska & Haddad, 2009: 76, f. 156-164 (Dmf) Original description

Afraflacilla venustula Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla vestjensi Żabka, 1993 | | Australia (Northern Territory) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032230

Afraflacilla vestjensi Żabka, 1993: 283, f. 6A-B (Dm) Original description

Afraflacilla wadis (Prószyński, 1989) | | Saudi Arabia, Israel, Yemen urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032231

Pseudicius wadis Prószyński, 1989a: 57, f. 64-68 (Dmf) Original description

Afraflacilla wadis Wesołowska & van Harten, 1994: 9, f. 14-18 (mf, T from Pseudicius)

Pseudicius wadis Prószyński, 2003: 154, f. 623-627 (mf, T from Afraflacilla)

Pseudicius wadis Wesołowska & Tomasiewicz, 2008: 47, f. 182-184 (m)

Pseudicius wadis Prószyński & Deeleman-Reinhold, 2012: 51, f. 155-159 (mf)

Afraflacilla wadis Miñano & Tamajón, 2017: 75, f. 4b, 5b (mf)

Afraflacilla wadis Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)

Afraflacilla yeni Żabka, 1993 | | Australia (Victoria) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:032232

Afraflacilla yeni Żabka, 1993: 289, f. 10A-C (Df) Original description

Afraflacilla zuluensis (Haddad & Wesołowska, 2013) | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:046848

Pseudicius zuluensis Haddad & Wesołowska, 2013: 496, f. 88-93, 95 (Dmf) Original description

Afraflacilla zuluensis Prószyński, 2017b: 43 (T from Pseudicius)