World Spider Catalog

Linyphiidae Blackwall, 1859

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: for comments on relationships, see Michalik & Hormiga, 2010: 7; re-synonymization of Pimoidae (Murphy & Roberts, 2015: ix) not sufficiently justified and is not accepted here; Sinopimoidae Li & Wunderlich, 2008 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0112] synonymyized with Linyphiidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 245; resurrection of Sinopimoidae by Wunderlich, 2020b: 20 is not accepted here, because Dimitrov et al., 2017 was not taken into account; re-elevation of Sinopimoidae to family level by Eskov & Marusik, 2023: 343 not accepted here (by majority vote of the WSC boards); the current status of Sinopimoidae is also maintained for reasons of stability and we wait for a probable confirmation or rejection of this resurrection; Tian et al., 2022 show five subfamilies: Linyphiinae (incl. Mynogleninae Lehtinen, 1967: 250 and Dubiaraneinae Millidge, 1993c: 145), Erigoninae Emerton, 1882: 7, Micronetinae Hull, 1920a: 8, Ipainae Saaristo, 2007b: 34 and Stemonyphantinae Wunderlich, 1986: 120; da Silva-Moreira, Kulkarni & Hormiga, 2025: 60-62 list resp. newly circumscribe six subfamilies: Erigoninae, Lepthyphantinae Simon, 1929: 562, Linyphiinae (syn. nov.: Dubiaraneinae), Mynogleninae, Pocobletinae Silva-Moreira & Hormiga, 2025: 61 (new subfamily) and Stemonyphantinae, state Ipainae and Micronetinae to be polyphyletic, leave several linyphiid clades unranked and also several genera as incertae sedis.

In synonymy:

Dicyphus Menge, 1869 = Hypomma Dahl, 1886 (Simon, 1926: 515)

Enidia Smith, 1904 = Hypomma Dahl, 1886 (Simon, 1926: 515)

Falconeria Smith, 1904 = Hypomma Dahl, 1886 (Simon, 1926: 515)

Smitheria Coolidge, 1909 = Hypomma Dahl, 1886 (Simon, 1926: 515, automatically with its replaced name Falconeria)

Gen. Hypomma Dahl, 1886 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01020

type Theridion bituberculatum Wider, 1834; gender neuter

N.B.: considered a senior synonym Dicyphus Menge, 1869: 221 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05450] (type D. tumidus Menge, 1869 = Hypomma bituberculatum (Wider, 1834)), of Enidia Smith, 1904: 115 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05449] and of Falconeria Smith, 1904: 115 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05447] (type Neriene cornuta Blackwall, 1833) by Simon, 1926: 515 (syn. of Enidia confirmed by Denis, 1968a: 7); Enidia is a replacement name of Dicyphus, preoccupied in Hemiptera by Fieber, 1858; Falconeria is preoccupied in Reptilia by Theobald, 1868 and replaced by Smitheria Coolidge, 1909a: 126 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05448]; not a senior synonym of Kratochviliella Miller, 1938 (Wunderlich & Nicolai, 1984: 53, contra Millidge, 1977: 28, who considered it a possible synonym of Hypomma).

Transferred to other genera:

Hypomma aemonicum Deltshev, 2005 -- see Walckenaerianus

In synonymy:

Hypomma bilobatum (Banks, 1896, T from Lophocarenum) = Hypomma marxi (Keyserling, 1886) (Crosby & Bishop, 1933b: 130)

Hypomma cilunculum (Menge, 1869, T from Dicyphus) = Hypomma cornutum (Blackwall, 1833) (Simon, 1884a: 561, sub Gonatium)

Hypomma mallezi Denis, 1943 = Hypomma fulvum (Bösenberg, 1902) (Denis, 1944c: 129, sub Enidia)

Hypomma tumidum (Menge, 1871, T from Dicyphus) = Hypomma bituberculatum (Wider, 1834) (Simon, 1884a: 559, sub Gonatium)

Hypomma affine Schenkel, 1930 | | Russia (north-eastern Siberia, Far East), Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010855

Hypomma affinis Schenkel, 1930b: 15, f. 5a-e (Dm) Original description

Hypomma affinis Saito, 1982c: 12, f. 8, 26, 32 (m)

Hypomma affine Ono, Matsuda & Saito, 2009: 272, f. 165-171 (m, Df)

Hypomma bituberculatum (Wider, 1834) | | Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010856 TYPE SPECIES

Theridion bituberculatum Wider, 1834: 216, pl. 15, f. 2 (Dmf) Original description

Argus bituberculatus Walckenaer, 1841: 363

Erigone bituberculata Westring, 1861: 210

Neriene bituberculata Blackwall, 1864a: 268, pl. 18, f. 182 (mf)

Micryphantes bituberculatus Ohlert, 1865: 62

Dicyphus tumidus Menge, 1871: 221, pl. 43, f. 121 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:063280]

Erigone bituberculata Hansen, 1882: 32, pl. 2, f. 7

Dicyphus bituberculatus Förster & Bertkau, 1883: 270

Gonatium bituberculatum Simon, 1884a: 559, f. 363-366 (mf, S of Dicyphus tumidus)

Hypomma bituberculata Dahl, 1886: 88

Hypomma bituberculatum Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1894: 100, pl. 4, f. 13 (mf)

Gonatium bituberculatum Simon, 1894a: 605, f. 724-725 (m)

Gonatium bituberculatum Becker, 1896: 109, pl. 10, f. 10 (mf)

Dicyphus bituberculatus Bösenberg, 1902: 163, pl. 14, f. 222 (mf)

Enidia bituberculata Smith, 1904: 115 (generic replacement name)

Hypomma bituberculatum Simon, 1926: 435, 515, f. 770 (mf)

Hypomma bituberculatum Bristowe, 1931d: 1404, f. 4 (mf)

Dismodicus bituberculatum Hull, 1933: 108

Hypomma bituberculatum Miller, 1947: 29, pl. VII, f. 6 (f)

Hypomma bituberculatum Locket & Millidge, 1953: 223, f. 137A-B, F-G, 138C (mf)

Enidia bituberculata Wiehle, 1960a: 290, f. 529-537 (mf)

Enidia bituberculata Merrett, 1963b: 416, f. 95A-C (m)

Hypomma bituberculatum Tystshenko, 1971: 246, f. 798, 803 (mf)

Enidia bituberculata Miller, 1971: 259, pl. LII, f. 31-33 (f)

Enidia bituberculata Palmgren, 1976: 58, f. 6.1-5 (mf)

Hypomma bituberculatum Millidge, 1977: 28, f. 94 (m)

Hypomma bituberculatum Roberts, 1987: 44, f. 13d, 16j (mf)

Hypomma bituberculatum Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 172, f. 464 (mf)

Hypomma bituberculatum Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 171, f. 99D (m)

Hypomma bituberculatum Marusik & Kunt, 2009b: 84, f. 1-2 (m)

Hypomma bituberculatum Frick, Nentwig & Kropf, 2010: 309, Suppl. pl. 14A-O (mf)

Hypomma bituberculatum Marusik, Mikhailov & Omelko, 2015: 119 (S of Micryphantes miniatus; rejected by Breitling, 2015b: 480, see Micryphantes miniatus, nomen dubium)

Hypomma brevitibiale (Wunderlich, 1980) | | North Macedonia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010857

Enidia brevitibialis Wunderlich, 1980e: 329, f. 32-37 (Dm) Original description

Hypomma brevitibiale Brignoli, 1983c: 342

Hypomma clypeatum Roewer, 1942 | | Equatorial Guinea (Bioko) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010858

Hypomma clypeatum Roewer, 1942b: 248, f. 4a-c (Df) Original description

Hypomma coalescera (Kritscher, 1966) | | New Caledonia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010859

Enidia coalescera Kritscher, 1966b: 377, f. 2-7 (Dmf) Original description

Hypomma coalescera Brignoli, 1983c: 342

Hypomma cornutum (Blackwall, 1833) | | Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to South Siberia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010860

Neriene cornuta Blackwall, 1833: 190 (Dm) Original description

Neriene cornuta Blackwall, 1864a: 267, pl. 18, f. 181 (m, Df)

Dicyphus cilunculus Menge, 1869: 222, pl. 44, f. 122 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:063281]

Dicyphus cornutus Bertkau, 1880b: 307

Erigone cornuta Dahl, 1883: 45

Gonatium cornutum Simon, 1884a: 561, f. 367-370 (mf, S of Dicyphus cilunculus)

Dicyphus cornutus Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1894: 100, pl. 4, f. 14 (mf)

Gonatium cornutum Becker, 1896: 111, pl. 11, f. 3 (mf)

Dicyphus cornutus Bösenberg, 1902: 163, pl. 14, f. 220 (mf)

Falconeria cornuta Smith, 1904: 115

Smitheria cornuta Coolidge, 1909a: 126 (generic replacement name)

Hypomma cornutum Simon, 1926: 435, 515, f. 770 (mf)

Dismodicus cornutus Hull, 1933: 108

Hypomma cornutum Miller, 1947: 38, pl. VII, f. 7 (f)

Hypomma cornutum Locket & Millidge, 1953: 225, f. 137C-E, 138D (mf)

Enidia cornuta Wiehle, 1960a: 299, f. 545-552 (mf)

Hypomma cornutum Tystshenko, 1971: 246, f. 797, 806 (mf)

Enidia cornuta Miller, 1971: 270, pl. LII, f. 29-30 (mf)

Enidia cornuta Palmgren, 1976: 59, f. 6.8-11 (mf)

Hypomma cornutum Roberts, 1987: 46, f. 14b, 17b (mf)

Enidia cornuta Polenec, 1988: 31, f. 4-5 (f)

Hypomma cornuta Tanasevitch, 1990: 103, f. 22.42, 24.47, 28.5-6 (mf)

Hypomma cornutum Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 172, f. 465 (mf)

Hypomma cornutum Millidge, 1993c: 147, f. 41 (f)

Hypomma cornutum Jäger, 2006d: 3, f. 1-3n-s (mf)

Hypomma cornutum Bellvert Bantí, 2016: 155, f. 1-3 (mf)

Hypomma cornutum Koç, Sancak & Etirli, 2020: 214, f. 1A-D (mf)

Hypomma fulvum (Bösenberg, 1902) | | Europe, Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010861

Gonatium fulvum Bösenberg, 1902: 162, pl. 14, f. 219 (Df) Original description

Hypomma fulvum Schenkel, 1925d: 293, f. 7 (f, Dm)

Hypomma mallezi Denis, 1943a: 106, f. 1-3 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062972]

Enidia fulva Denis, 1944c: 129 (S of Hypomma mallezi)

Enidia fulva Denis, 1945d: 23, f. 1-2 (f)

Hypomma fulvum Locket & Millidge, 1953: 225, f. 138A-B, E, 254I (mf)

Enidia fulva Tullgren, 1955: 350, f. 53a-d (mf)

Enidia fulva Wiehle, 1960a: 295, f. 539-544 (mf)

Hypomma fulvum Tystshenko, 1971: 246, f. 800, 804 (mf)

Enidia fulva Miller, 1971: 258, pl. LII, f. 28 (f)

Enidia fulva Dziabaszewski, 1975: 106, f. 1 (f)

Enidia fulva Palmgren, 1976: 60, f. 6.6-7 (mf)

Hypomma fulvum Roberts, 1987: 46, f. 14a, 17a (mf)

Hypomma fulvum Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 172, f. 463 (mf)

Hypomma fulvum Naumova, Blagoev & Deltshev, 2021: 239, f. 11A-D (f)

Hypomma marxi (Keyserling, 1886) | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010862

Erigone maxii Keyserling, 1886b: 152, pl. 16, f. 218 (Dm, lapsus, dedicated to Marx) Original description

Dicyphus bilobatus Banks, 1896a: 63 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:063282]

Hypomma bilobata Crosby, 1905a: 310

Lophocarenum bilobatum Emerton, 1911: 390, pl. 2, f. 1 (m)

Hypomma marxi Crosby & Bishop, 1933b: 130, pl. 4, f. 88-92 (m, Df, S of Lophocarenum bilobatum)

Hypomma marxi Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 112, f. 1138-1141 (mf)

Hypomma nordlandicum Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947 | | Alaska, Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010863

Hypomma nordlandica Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947b: 44, f. 99 (Df) Original description

Hypomma nordlandicum Brignoli, 1983c: 342

Hypomma subarcticum Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947 | | Alaska, Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010864

Hypomma subarctica Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947b: 44, f. 41-44 (Dmf) Original description

Hypomma subarcticum Brignoli, 1983c: 342