Sponsors
Sherwood, D. (2024b). Studies on spider nomenclature – I: miscellaneous notes on unrecognisable species, new synonyms, and untenable subspecies (Araneae: Araneomorphae). The Indochina Entomologist 1(23): 189-235. doi: 10.70590/ice.2024.01.23
| Taxon | |
|---|---|
| Actinopus pertyi Lucas, 1843 (Actinopodidae) | 190, f. 1, (type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Actinopus pertyi |
| Gayenna sigillum Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Anyphaenidae) | 191, (types are juvenile, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Gayenna sigillum |
| Araneus isabella (Vinson, 1863) (Araneidae) | 191, (type presumed lost, immature, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Araneus isabella |
| Araneus metellus (Strand, 1907) (Araneidae) | 191, (type lost, immature, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Araneus metellus |
| Araneus ocellatulus (Roewer, 1942) (Araneidae) | 192, (types lost, immature, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Araneus ocellatulus |
| Araneus transversivittiger (Strand, 1907) (Araneidae) | 192, (types destroyed, immature, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Araneus transversivittiger |
| Cyrtarachne sinicola Strand, 1942 (Araneidae) | 192, (immature, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Cyrtarachne sinicola |
| Corinna haemorrhoa (Bertkau, 1880) (Corinnidae) | 192, (types lost, immature, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Corinna haemorrhoa |
| Corinna selysi (Bertkau, 1880) (Corinnidae) | 192, (type lost, immature, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Corinna selysi |
| Ctenus bicolor (Bertkau, 1880) (Ctenidae) | 192, (type lost, immature, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Ctenus bicolor |
| Ctenus walckenaeri Griffith, 1833 (Ctenidae) | 193, f. 2, (type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Ctenus walckenaerii |
| Pterotricha linnaei (Audouin, 1826) (Gnaphosidae) | 194, f. 3A, (type presumed lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Pterotricha linnaei |
| Ummidia armata (Ausserer, 1875) (Halonoproctidae) | 195, (type not traceable, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Ummidia armata |
| Zelotes listeri (Audouin, 1826) (Gnaphosidae) | 195, f. 3B, (type presumed lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Zelotes listeri |
| Idiops neglectus L. Koch, 1875 (Idiopidae) | 195, (type not traceable, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Idiops neglectus |
| Ceratinopsis bicolor Banks, 1896 (Linyphiidae) | 195, f. 4A-B, (types immature, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Ceratinopsis bicolor |
| Ceratinopsis auriculata Emerton, 1909 (Linyphiidae) | 196, f. 4C, (f), Ceratinopsis auriculata |
| Ceratinopsis bona Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944 (Linyphiidae) | 196, f. 4D, (f), Ceratinopsis bona |
| Ceratinopsis interpres (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874) (Linyphiidae) | 196, f. 4E, (f), Ceratinopsis interpres |
| Ceratinopsis laticeps Emerton, 1882 (Linyphiidae) | 196, f. 4F, (f), Ceratinopsis laticeps |
| Ceratinopsis nigriceps Emerton, 1882 (Linyphiidae) | 196, f. 4G, (f), Ceratinopsis nigriceps |
| Ceratinopsis nigripalpis Emerton, 1882 (Linyphiidae) | 196, f. 4H, (f), Ceratinopsis nigripalpis |
| Ceratinopsis sylvania Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944 (Linyphiidae) | 196, f. 4I, (f), Ceratinopsis sylvania |
| Erigonella groenlandica Strand, 1905 (Linyphiidae) | 196, (nomen dubium confirmed), Erigonella groenlandica |
| Arctosa nilotica (Audouin, 1826) (Lycosidae) | 197, f. 3C, (type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Arctosa nilotica |
| Peucetia elegans (Blackwall, 1864) (Oxyopidae) | 197, (immature, type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Peucetia elegans |
| Thanatus flavescens O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876 (Philodromidae) | 197, (immature, type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Thanatus flavescens |
| Aelurillus dorthesi (Audouin, 1826) (Salticidae) | 197, f. 3D, (type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Aelurillus dorthesi |
| Pellenes frischi (Audouin, 1826) (Salticidae) | 198, f. 3E, (type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Pellenes frischi |
| Saitis signatus (Keyserling, 1883) (Salticidae) | 198, f. 5, (f, type not traceable, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Saitis signatus |
| Tetragnatha chrysochlora (Audouin, 1826) (Tetragnathidae) | 198, (type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Tetragnatha chrysochlora |
| Tetragnatha shanghaiensis Strand, 1907 (Tetragnathidae) | 199, (type destroyed, juvenile, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Tetragnatha shanghaiensis |
| Aphonopelma hesperum (Chamberlin, 1917) (Theraphosidae) | 199, (immature, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Aphonopelma hesperum |
| Plesiopelma imperatrix Piza, 1976 (Theraphosidae) | 199, (type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Plesiopelma imperatrix |
| Steatoda sagax (Blackwall, 1865) (Theridiidae) | 200, (immature, type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Steatoda sagax |
| Theridion zonatum Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842 (Theridiidae) | 200, f. 6, (type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Theridion zonatum |
| Camaricus hastifer (Percheron, 1833) (Thomisidae) | 200, f. 7, (type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Camaricus hastifer |
| Thomisus cancroides Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842 (Thomisidae) | 201, (type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Thomisus cancroides |
| Xysticus clercki (Audouin, 1826) (Thomisidae) | 201, f. 3F, (type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Xysticus clercki |
| Eriophora edax (Blackwall, 1863) (Araneidae) | 202, f. 8A-C, (f, S of Araneus unistriatus), Eriophora edax |
| Uloborus canus MacLeay, 1827 (Uloboridae) | 202, (type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Uloborus canus |
| Cryptothele cristata Simon, 1884 (Zodariidae) | 202, (immature, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Cryptothele cristata |
| Storena ornata (Bradley, 1877) (Zodariidae) | 202, (immature, type lost, unidentifiable, nomen dubium), Storena ornata |
| Agelena incertissima Caporiacco, 1939 (Agelenidae) | 205, (immature, species inquirenda), Agelena incertissima |
| Araneus basalteus Schenkel, 1936 (Araneidae) | 205, (immature, species inquirenda), Araneus basalteus |
| Araneus carabellus (Strand, 1913) (Araneidae) | 205, (immature, species inquirenda), Araneus carabellus |
| Araneus pudicus (Thorell, 1898) (Araneidae) | 205, (immature, species inquirenda), Araneus pudicus |
| Cyclosa pseudoculata Schenkel, 1936 (Araneidae) | 205, (immature, species inquirenda), Cyclosa pseudoculata |
| Larinia strandi Caporiacco, 1941 (Araneidae) | 205, (immature, species inquirenda), Larinia strandi |
| Poltys apiculatus Thorell, 1893 (Araneidae) | 206, (immature, species inquirenda), Poltys apiculatus |
| Poltys vesicularis Simon, 1889 (Araneidae) | 206, (immature, species inquirenda), Poltys vesicularis |
| Clubiona guianensis Caporiacco, 1947 (Clubionidae) | 206, (immature, species inquirenda), Clubiona guianensis |
| Clubiona sparassella Strand, 1909 (Clubionidae) | 206, (immature, species inquirenda), Clubiona sparassella |
| Castianeira brunellii Caporiacco, 1940 (Corinnidae) | 206, (immature, species inquirenda), Castianeira brunellii |
| Castianeira drassodidoides Strand, 1915 (Corinnidae) | 206, (immature, species inquirenda), Castianeira drassodidoides |
| Castianeira inquinata (Thorell, 1890) (Corinnidae) | 206, (immature, species inquirenda), Castianeira inquinata |
| Cycais gracilis Karsch, 1879 (Corinnidae) | 206, (immature, species inquirenda), Cycais gracilis |
| Scorteccia termitarum Caporiacco, 1936 (Corinnidae) | 206, (immature, species inquirenda), Scorteccia termitarum |
| Wiedenmeyeria falconensis Schenkel, 1953 (Ctenidae) | 206, (immature, species inquirenda), Wiedenmeyeria falconensis |
| Cybaeus broni Caporiacco, 1935 (Cybaeidae) | 207, (immature, species inquirenda), Cybaeus broni |
| Hoplolathys aethiopica Caporiacco, 1947 (Dictynidae) | 207, (immature, species inquirenda), Hoplolathys aethiopica |
| Berlandina kolosvaryi Caporiacco, 1947 (Gnaphosidae) | 207, (immature, species inquirenda), Berlandina kolosvaryi |
| Echemus scutatus (Simon, 1880) (Gnaphosidae) | 207, (immature, species inquirenda), Echemus scutatus |
| Ladissa semirufa Simon, 1907 (Gnaphosidae) | 207, (immature, species inquirenda), Ladissa semirufa |
| Leptodrassus tropicus Dalmas, 1919 (Gnaphosidae) | 207, (immature, species inquirenda), Leptodrassus tropicus |
| Poecilochroa pauciaculeis Caporiacco, 1947 (Gnaphosidae) | 207, (immature, species inquirenda), Poecilochroa pauciaculeis |
| Pterotrichina nova Caporiacco, 1934 (Gnaphosidae) | 207, (immature, species inquirenda), Pterotrichina nova |
| Scotophaeus lamperti Strand, 1906 (Gnaphosidae) | 207, (immature, species inquirenda), Scotophaeus lamperti |
| Talanites ornatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874) (Gnaphosidae) | 207, (immature, species inquirenda), Talanites ornatus |
| Oedignatha ferox (Thorell, 1897) (Liocranidae) | 208, (immature, species inquirenda), Oedignatha ferox |
| Allocosa tenebrosa (Thorell, 1897) (Lycosidae) | 208, (immature, species inquirenda), Allocosa tenebrosa |
| Arctosa nyembeensis (Strand, 1916) (Lycosidae) | 208, (immature, species inquirenda), Arctosa nyembeensis |
| Artoria lycosimorpha Strand, 1909 (Lycosidae) | 208, (immature, species inquirenda), Artoria lycosimorpha |
| Geolycosa suahela (Strand, 1913) (Lycosidae) | 208, (immature, species inquirenda), Geolycosa suahela |
| Hippasa flavicoma Caporiacco, 1935 (Lycosidae) | 208, (immature, species inquirenda), Hippasa flavicoma |
| Hogna juanensis (Strand, 1907) (Lycosidae) | 208, (immature, species inquirenda), Hogna juanensis |
| Hogna truculenta (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876) (Lycosidae) | 208, (immature, species inquirenda), Hogna truculenta |
| Lycosa accurata (Becker, 1886) (Lycosidae) | 209, (immature, species inquirenda), Lycosa accurata |
| Lycosa contestata Montgomery, 1903 (Lycosidae) | 209, (immature, species inquirenda), Lycosa contestata |
| Lycosa pavlovi Schenkel, 1953 (Lycosidae) | 209, (immature, species inquirenda), Lycosa pavlovi |
| Lycosa russea Schenkel, 1953 (Lycosidae) | 209, (immature, species inquirenda), Lycosa russea |
| Lycosa similis Banks, 1892 (Lycosidae) | 209, (immature, species inquirenda), Lycosa similis |
| Pardosa glabra Mello-Leitão, 1938 (Lycosidae) | 209, (immature, species inquirenda), Pardosa glabra |
| Pardosa serena (L. Koch, 1875) (Lycosidae) | 209, (immature, species inquirenda), Pardosa serena |
| Trochosa praetecta L. Koch, 1875 (Lycosidae) | 209, (immature, species inquirenda), Trochosa praetecta |
| Syspira pallida Banks, 1904 (Miturgidae) | 209, (immature, species inquirenda), Syspira pallida |
| Urocteana poecilis Roewer, 1961 (Oecobiidae) | 210, (immature, species inquirenda), Urocteana poecilis |
| Oxyopes annulipes Thorell, 1890 (Oxyopidae) | 210, (immature, species inquirenda), Oxyopes annulipes |
| Oxyopes caporiaccoi Roewer, 1951 (Oxyopidae) | 210, (immature, species inquirenda), Oxyopes caporiaccoi |
| Oxyopes concoloratus Roewer, 1951 (Oxyopidae) | 210, (immature, species inquirenda), Oxyopes concoloratus |
| Philodromus bigibba (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876) (Philodromidae) | 210, (immature, species inquirenda), Philodromus bigibba |
| Philodromus borana Caporiacco, 1939 (Philodromidae) | 210, (immature, species inquirenda), Philodromus borana |
| Philodromus lugens (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876) (Philodromidae) | 210, (immature, species inquirenda), Philodromus lugens |
| Philodromus maculatovittatus Strand, 1906 (Philodromidae) | 210, (immature, species inquirenda), Philodromus maculatovittatus |
| Philodromus thanatellus Strand, 1909 (Philodromidae) | 210, (immature, species inquirenda), Philodromus thanatellus |
| Thanatus zavattarii Caporiacco, 1939 (Philodromidae) | 211, (immature, species inquirenda), Thanatus zavattarii |
| Architis amazonica (Simon, 1898) (Pisauridae) | 211, (immature, species inquirenda), Architis amazonica |
| Hygropoda longitarsis (Thorell, 1877) (Pisauridae) | 211, (immature, species inquirenda), Hygropoda longitarsis |
| Hygropoda longitarsis fasciata (Thorell, 1877) (Pisauridae) | 211, (immature, subspecies inquirenda), Hygropoda longitarsis fasciata |
| Stoliczka affinis Caporiacco, 1935 (Pisauridae) | 211, (immature, species inquirenda), Stoliczka affinis |
| Tapinothelella laboriosa Strand, 1909 (Pisauridae) | 211, (immature, species inquirenda), Tapinothelella laboriosa |
| Tapinothelops vittipes (Caporiacco, 1941) (Pisauridae) | 211, (immature, species inquirenda), Tapinothelops vittipes |
| Prodidomus tigrinus Dalmas, 1919 (Prodidomidae) | 211, (immature, species inquirenda), Prodidomus tigrinus |
| Scytodes constellata Lawrence, 1938 (Scytodidae) | 211, (immature, species inquirenda), Scytodes constellata |
| Scytodes quinqua Lawrence, 1927 (Scytodidae) | 212, (immature, species inquirenda), Scytodes quinqua |
| Senoculus guianensis Caporiacco, 1947 (Senoculidae) | 212, (immature, species inquirenda), Senoculus guianensis |
| Leucauge fishoekensis Strand, 1909 (Tetragnathidae) | 212, (immature, species inquirenda), Leucauge fishoekensis |
| Tetragnatha aetherea (Simon, 1895) (Tetragnathidae) | 212, (immature, species inquirenda), Tetragnatha aetherea |
| Tetragnatha caffra (Strand, 1909) (Tetragnathidae) | 212, (immature, species inquirenda), Tetragnatha caffra |
| Argyrodes vatovae (Caporiacco, 1940) (Theridiidae) | 212, (immature, species inquirenda), Argyrodes vatovae |
| Dipoena seminigra Simon, 1909 (Theridiidae) | 212, (immature, species inquirenda), Dipoena seminigra |
| Episinus mucronatus (Simon, 1894) (Theridiidae) | 212, (immature, species inquirenda), Episinus mucronatus |
| Euryopis campestrata Simon, 1907 (Theridiidae) | 213, (immature, species inquirenda), Euryopis campestrata |
| Euryopis venutissima (Caporiacco, 1934) (Theridiidae) | 213, (immature, species inquirenda), Euryopis venutissima |
| Janula modesta (Thorell, 1898) (Theridiidae) | 213, (immature, species inquirenda), Janula modesta |
| Theridion albidorsum Strand, 1909 (Theridiidae) | 213, (immature, species inquirenda), Theridion albidorsum |
| Theridion albomaculosum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 (Theridiidae) | 213, (immature, species inquirenda), Theridion albomaculosum |
| Theridion angustifrons Caporiacco, 1934 (Theridiidae) | 213, (immature, species inquirenda), Theridion angustifrons |
| Theridion astrigerum Thorell, 1895 (Theridiidae) | 213, (immature, species inquirenda), Theridion astrigerum |
| Theridion fornicatum Simon, 1884 (Theridiidae) | 213, (immature, species inquirenda), Theridion fornicatum |
| Theridion latisternum Caporiacco, 1934 (Theridiidae) | 213, (immature, species inquirenda), Theridion latisternum |
| Theridion meneghettii Caporiacco, 1949 (Theridiidae) | 213, (immature, species inquirenda), Theridion meneghettii |
| Theridion octoferum Strand, 1909 (Theridiidae) | 213, (immature, species inquirenda), Theridion octoferum |
| Theridion quadripapulatum Thorell, 1895 (Theridiidae) | 213, (immature, species inquirenda), Theridion quadripapulatum |
| Theridion teutanoides Caporiacco, 1949 (Theridiidae) | 214, (immature, species inquirenda), Theridion teutanoides |
| Borboropactus noditarsis (Simon, 1903) (Thomisidae) | 214, (immature, species inquirenda), Borboropactus noditarsis |
| Cyriogonus triquetrus Simon, 1886 (Thomisidae) | 214, (immature, species inquirenda), Cyriogonus triquetrus |
| Cyriogonus vinsoni (Thorell, 1875) (Thomisidae) | 214, (immature, species inquirenda), Cyriogonus vinsonii |
| Diaea pougneti Simon, 1886 (Thomisidae) | 214, (immature, species inquirenda), Diaea pougneti |
| Erissus sanctaeleopoldinae (B. A. M. Soares & H. E. M. Soares, 1946) (Thomisidae) | 214, (immature, species inquirenda), Erissus sanctaeleopoldinae |
| Firmicus lentiginosus (Simon, 1886) (Thomisidae) | 214, (immature, species inquirenda), Firmicus lentiginosus |
| Firmicus strandi Caporiacco, 1947 (Thomisidae) | 214, (immature, species inquirenda), Firmicus strandi |
| Heriaesynaema flavipes Caporiacco, 1939 (Thomisidae) | 214, (immature, species inquirenda), Heriaesynaema flavipes |
| Hexommulocymus kolosvaryi Caporiacco, 1955 (Thomisidae) | 215, (immature, species inquirenda), Hexommulocymus kolosvaryi |
| Monaeses cinerascens (Thorell, 1887) (Thomisidae) | 215, (immature, species inquirenda), Monaeses cinerascens |
| Phrynarachne fatalis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899 (Thomisidae) | 215, (immature, species inquirenda), Phrynarachne fatalis |
| Synema cervinum Schenkel, 1936 (Thomisidae) | 215, (immature, species inquirenda), Synema cervinum |
| Synema pauciaculeis Caporiacco, 1947 (Thomisidae) | 215, (immature, species inquirenda), Synema pauciaculeis |
| Synema quadrifasciatum Dahl, 1907 (Thomisidae) | 215, (immature, species inquirenda), Synema quadrifasciatum |
| Synema scalare Strand, 1913 (Thomisidae) | 215, (immature, species inquirenda), Synema scalare |
| Tharrhalea cerussata Simon, 1886 (Thomisidae) | 215, (immature, species inquirenda), Tharrhalea cerussata |
| Thomisus litoris Strand, 1913 (Thomisidae) | 215, (immature, species inquirenda), Thomisus litoris |
| Thomisus melanostethus Simon, 1909 (Thomisidae) | 216, (immature, species inquirenda), Thomisus melanostethus |
| Tmarus bisectus Piza, 1944 (Thomisidae) | 216, (immature, species inquirenda), Tmarus bisectus |
| Xysticus barbatus Caporiacco, 1936 (Thomisidae) | 216, (immature, species inquirenda), Xysticus barbatus |
| Xysticus beni Strand, 1913 (Thomisidae) | 216, (immature, species inquirenda), Xysticus beni |
| Xysticus multiaculeatus Caporiacco, 1940 (Thomisidae) | 216, (immature, species inquirenda), Xysticus multiaculeatus |
| Xysticus simonstownensis Strand, 1909 (Thomisidae) | 216, (immature, species inquirenda), Xysticus simonstownensis |
| Uloborus albolineatus Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Uloboridae) | 216, (immature, species inquirenda), Uloborus albolineatus |
| Odo drescoi (Caporiacco, 1955) (Xenoctenidae) | 216, (immature, species inquirenda), Odo drescoi |
| Raecius aculeatus Dahl, 1901 (Udubidae) | 216, (immature, species inquirenda), Raecius aculeatus |
| Gephyrota viridipallida Schmidt, 1956 (Philodromidae) | 217, (immature, nomen dubium), Gephyrota viridipallida |
| Conakrya wolffi Schmidt, 1956 (Pisauridae) | 217, (immature, nomen dubium), Conakrya wolffi |
| Carcinarachne brocki Schmidt, 1956 (Thomisidae) | 217, (immature, nomen dubium), Carcinarachne brocki |
| Odo incertus Caporiacco, 1955 (Xenoctenidae) | 217, (immature, species inquirenda), Odo incertus |
| Zoropsis beccarii Caporiacco, 1935 (Zoropsidae) | 217, (immature, species inquirenda), Zoropsis beccarii |
| Coelotes alatauensis Ovtchinnikov, 2000 (Agelenidae) | 218, (elevated from subspecies of Coelotes curvilamnis), Coelotes alatauensis |
| Coelotes boomensis Ovtchinnikov, 2000 (Agelenidae) | 218, (elevated from subspecies of Coelotes curvilamnis), Coelotes boomensis |
| Coelotes carpathensis Ovtchinnikov, 1999 (Agelenidae) | 218, (elevated from subspecies of Coelotes pickardi), Coelotes carpathensis |
| Uloborus plumosus Schmidt, 1956 (Uloboridae) | 218, (immature, nomen dubium), Uloborus plumosus |
| Alpaida audiberti Dierkens, 2014 (Araneidae) | 218, (elevated from subspecies of Alpaida monzon), Alpaida audiberti |
| Coelotes pastor Simon, 1875 (Agelenidae) | 219, (elevated from subspecies of Coelotes pickardi), Coelotes pastor |
| Coelotes tirolensis (Kulczyński, 1906) (Agelenidae) | 219, (elevated from subspecies of Coelotes pickardi), Coelotes tirolensis |
| Coelotes ketmenensis Ovtchinnikov, 2001 (Agelenidae) | 219, (elevated from subspecies of Coelotes striatilamnis), Coelotes ketmenensis |
| Ozyptila canadensis Dondale & Redner, 1975 (Thomisidae) | 219, (elevated from subspecies of Ozyptila sincera), Ozyptila canadensis |
| Ozyptila oraria Dondale & Redner, 1975 (Thomisidae) | 219, (status as species confirmed), Ozyptila oraria |
| Diplocephalus connatus Bertkau, 1889 (Linyphiidae) | 220, (S of Diplocephalus connatus jacksoni), Diplocephalus connatus |
| Gnathonarium dentatum (Wider, 1834) (Linyphiidae) | 220, (S of Gnathonarium dentatum orientale), Gnathonarium dentatum |
| Pityohyphantes costatus (Hentz, 1850) (Linyphiidae) | 220, (S of Pityohyphantes costatus annulipes), Pityohyphantes costatus |
| Steatoda grossa (C. L. Koch, 1838) (Theridiidae) | 221, (S of Steatoda grossa strandi), Steatoda grossa |
| Synema globosum (Fabricius, 1775) (Thomisidae) | 221, (S of Synema globosum nigriventre confirmed), Synema globosum |
| Synema globosum canariense Dahl, 1907 (Thomisidae) | 221, (subspecies inquirenda), Synema globosum canariense |
Sponsors