Dictynidae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871

Family |   ACCEPTED
N.B.: considered a senior synoym of Rhioidae Thorell, 1873 by Simon, 1892a: 241 (by transfer of the type genus); Blabomma and Yorima are transferred from the Dictynidae to the Cybaeidae by Wheeler et al., 2017: 606; Argyroneta was transferred from the Cybaeidae to the Dictynidae and Cicurina (as well as Chorizomma and Mastigusa [transferred to the Cybaeidae by Castellucci et al., 2023: 6], which are not explicitely listed by Wheeler et al., 2017) from the Dictynidae to the Hahniidae by Wheeler et al., 2017: 607; Cicurinidae are new circumscribed (Bromella, Cicurina and Chorizomma) and elevated to family by Gorneau et al., 2023: 11; Dictynidae were considered not monophyletic per Kulkarni, Wood & Hormiga, 2023: 515, f. 15-16; Argyronetidae are separated from the Dictynidae by Montana et al., 2025: 9 and include 12 genera, Argyroneta probably represents an own subfamily; Argyronetidae were seperated before (Ono, 2009a: 169, Murphy & Roberts, 2015: viii, with the single genus Argyroneta), but this was not accepted; Lathyidae are also separated from the Dictynidae by Montana et al., 2025: 43 and include 10 genera; Dictynidae are redefined by Montana et al., 2025: 79.
Gen. Tolkienus Cala-Riquelme, Crews & Esposito, 2025 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:06318
type Dictyna longispina Emerton, 1888; gender masculine

In synonymy:

Tolkienus extensus (Jones, 1947) = Tolkienus bellans (Chamberlin, 1919) (Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1958: 62, sub Dictyna)

Tolkienus armatus (Thorell, 1875) | | Ukraine, Russia (Europe, Caucasus) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:022254
Dictyna armata Thorell, 1875b: 72 (Dm) Original description
Dictyna armata Thorell, 1875c: 74 (Dmf)
Dictyna armata Marusik & Koponen, 2017: 45, f. 3a-d (mf)
Dictyna armata Ponomarev et al., 2019: 313, f. 3 (m)
Tolkienus armatus Montana et al., 2025: 91 (T from Dictyna)
Tolkienus bellans (Chamberlin, 1919) | | USA, Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:022256
Dictyna bellans Chamberlin, 1919a: 242, pl. 15, f. 3-5 (Dmf) Original description
Dictyna extensa Jones, 1947: 2, f. 5-9 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054644]
Dictyna bellans Roewer, 1955c: 1318 (S of Dictyna hatchi; revalidated as subspecies D. bellans hatchi by Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1958: 63)
Dictyna bellans Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1958: 62, pl. 16, f. 4-7 (mf, removed from S of Dictyna longispina, rejecting Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940: 329; S of D. extensa, removed from S of D. longispina, rejecting  Roewer, 1955c: 1322)
Tolkienus bellans Montana et al., 2025: 91 (T from Dictyna)
Tolkienus bellans hatchi (Jones, 1948) | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:022257
Dictyna hatchi Jones, 1948: 43, f. 7, 33-36 (Dmf) Original description
Dictyna bellans hatchi Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1958: 63 (removed from S, placed as subspecies, rejecting Roewer, 1955c: 1318)
Tolkienus bellans hatchi Montana et al., 2025: 91 (T from Dictyna)
Tolkienus estoc Cala-Riquelme & Al-Jamal, 2025 | | Equatorial Guinea urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065504
Tolkienus estoc Cala-Riquelme & Al-Jamal in Montana et al., 2025: 91, f. 57C, 60A-F, 61A-F, 62A-D (Dmf) Original description
Tolkienus longispinus (Emerton, 1888) | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:022299 TYPE SPECIES
Dictyna longispina Emerton, 1888: 446, pl. 9, f. 4 (Dmf) Original description
Dictyna longispina Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940: 329 (S of Dictyna bellans; revalidated by Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1958: 62)
Dictyna longispina Jones, 1947: 29, f. 72 (f)
Dictyna longispina Kaston, 1948: 510, f. 1906, 1971 (mf)
Dictyna longispina Roewer, 1955c: 1322 (S of Dictyna extensa; rejected by Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1958: 62, see Dictyna bellans)
Dictyna longispina Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1958: 63, pl. 16, f. 1-3 (mf)
Dictyna longispina Brousseau, 2022: 78, f. 1-3 (mf)
Tolkienus longispina Montana et al., 2025: 90 (T from Dictyna)
Tolkienus ottoi (Marusik & Koponen, 2017) | | Caucasus (Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan), Iran, Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049200
Dictyna ottoi Marusik & Koponen, 2017: 42, f. 1a-d, 2a-g (Dmf) Original description
Dictyna ottoi Esyunin, 2017b: 269, f. 20-21 (f)
Dictyna ottoi Otto & Japoshvili, 2018: 380, f. 34-38 (mf)
Dictyna ottoi Ponomarev et al., 2019: 313, f. 4-5 (f)
Dictyna ottoi Zamani et al., 2021b: 281, f. 1D (f)
Tolkienus ottoi Montana et al., 2025: 91 (T from Dictyna)
Tolkienus ottoi Nekhaeva et al., 2026: 29, f. 1F-H (m)

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