World Spider Catalog

Salticidae Blackwall, 1841

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: Considered a senior synonym of Lyssomanidae by Galiano, 1976b: 67; for illustrations of scale morphology of about 60 species, see Hill, 1979; for a database with diagnostic drawings maintained by J. Prószyński, see: http://www.peckhamia.com/salticidae; for the phylogeny within the family see Maddison & Hedin, 2003b, Maddison, 2015, Maddison et al., 2017 and Prószyński, 2017b.

Gen. Toxeus C. L. Koch, 1846 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:04357

N.B.: removed from the synonymy of Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839 by Prószyński, 2016: 16 (contra Simon, 1901a: 504).

In synonymy:

Toxeus bellicosus (G. W. Peckham & E. G. Peckham, 1892, T from Salticus) = Toxeus maxillosus C. L. Koch, 1846 (Roewer, 1955c: 947, sub Myrmarachne)

Toxeus giganteus (Żabka, 1985) = Toxeus maxillosus C. L. Koch, 1846 (Yamasaki & Ahmad, 2013: 538, sub Myrmarachne)

Toxeus gorontaloensis (Yamasaki, 2012) = Toxeus bicuspidatus Yamasaki, 2012 (Logunov, 2021e: 1051, confirming Edwards, 2013b: 10, rejecting Prószyński, 2016: 17)

Toxeus modestus (Thorell, 1892, T from Salticus) = Toxeus maxillosus C. L. Koch, 1846 (Thorell, 1895b: 328)

Toxeus procerus (Thorell, 1877) = Toxeus maxillosus C. L. Koch, 1846 (Thorell, 1895b: 328)

Toxeus alboclavus Jose & Sudhikumar, 2022 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:053765

Toxeus alboclavus Jose & Sudhikumar, 2022: 2, f. 2-21 (Dmf) Original description

Toxeus bicuspidatus (Yamasaki, 2012) | | Indonesia (Sulawesi) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:046295

Myrmarachne bicuspidata Yamasaki, 2012: 159, f. 13-19 (Dm) Original description

Myrmarachne gorontaloensis Yamasaki, 2012: 163, f. 28-31 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:046296]

Myrmarachne bicuspidata Edwards, 2013b: 10 (S of Myrmarachne gorontaloensis)

Toxeus gorontaloensis Prószyński, 2016: 17 (removed from S of Myrmarachne bicuspidatus, T from Myrmarachne)

Toxeus bicuspidatus Prószyński, 2016: 17 (T from Myrmarachne)

Toxeus bicuspidatus Logunov, 2021e: 1051 (S of Myrmarachne gorontaloensis confirmed)

Toxeus cuneatus (Badcock, 1918) | | Malaysia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:034759

Myrmarachne cuneata Badcock, 1918: 300, f. 7 (Df) Original description

Myrmarachne cuneata Edmunds & Prószyński, 2003: 309, f. 56-63 (f)

Toxeus cuneatus Prószyński, 2016: 17 (T from Myrmarachne)

Toxeus fodingensis C. Wang, Mi & Peng, 2023 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059386

Toxeus fodingensis C. Wang, Mi & Peng in Wang et al., 2023e: 79, f. 52A-C, 53A-I (Dmf) Original description

Toxeus globosus (Wanless, 1978) | | Angola to China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:034793

Myrmarachne globosa Wanless, 1978a: 99, f. 61B-C, G, 62D-E, pl. 3a-b (Df) Original description

Myrmarachne globosa Żabka, 1985: 246, f. 328-331 (f)

Myrmarachne globosa Chen & Zhang, 1991: 309, f. 328.1-4 (f)

Myrmarachne globosa Peng et al., 1993: 133, f. 450-459 (f, Dm)

Myrmarachne globosa Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 535, f. 304Q, 305C (mf)

Myrmarachne globosa Yin et al., 2012: 1410, f. 766a-j (mf)

Myrmavola globosa Prószyński, 2016: 13 (T from Myrmarachne)

Toxeus globosus Prószyński, 2017b: 101, f. 45D1-6 (f, T from Myrmavola)

Myrmarachne globosa Peng, 2020: 240, f. 165a-j (mf)

Toxeus grossus (Edmunds & Prószyński, 2003) | | Malaysia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039105

Myrmarachne grossa Edmunds & Prószyński, 2003: 313, f. 69-79 (Dmf) Original description

Myrmarachne grossa Edwards & Benjamin, 2009: 16, f. 7 (mf)

Toxeus grossus Prószyński, 2018b: 163, f. 22K (f, T from Myrmarachne)

Toxeus hainan Wang & Li, 2022 | | China (Hainan), Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055083

Toxeus hainan Wang & Li, 2022b: 67, f. 17A-C, 18A-J (Dmf) Original description

Toxeus hainan Logunov, 2024c: 1095, f. 159-169 (mf)

Toxeus hirsutipalpi (Edmunds & Prószyński, 2003) | | Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia (Bali) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039106

Myrmarachne hirsutipalpi Edmunds & Prószyński, 2003: 319, f. 110-116 (Dmf) Original description

Myrmarachne hirsutipalpi Prószyński & Deeleman-Reinhold, 2010: 178, f. 113-114, 118 (m)

Toxeus hirsutipalpi Prószyński, 2016: 17 (T from Myrmarachne)

Toxeus hirsutipalpi Prószyński, 2018b: 165, f. 22J (f)

Toxeus jajpurensis (Prószyński, 1992) | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:034809

Myrmarachne jajpurensis Prószyński, 1992b: 187, f. 90-92 (Df) Original description

Toxeus jajpurensis Prószyński, 2016: 17 (T from Myrmarachne)

Toxeus jajpurensis Prószyński, 2018b: 165, f. 22L (f)

Toxeus latithoracicus (Yamasaki & Hung, 2012) | | Japan (Ryukyu Is.) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:045612

Myrmarachne latithoracica Yamasaki & Huang, 2012: 7, f. 1-13 (Dmf) Original description

Toxeus latithoracicus Prószyński, 2016: 17 (T from Myrmarachne)

Toxeus magnus (Saito, 1933) | | Taiwan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:034840

Myrmarachne magna Saitō, 1933b: 40, pl. 3, f. 27a-g (Dm) Original description

Toxeus magnus Prószyński, 2016: 17 (T from Myrmarachne)

Toxeus maxillosus C. L. Koch, 1846 | | Myanmar and China to Philippines and Indonesia (Sulawesi, Lombok) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:034847

Toxeus maxillosus C. L. Koch, 1846: 19, vol. 13, f. 1090 (Dm) Original description

Synemosyna procera Thorell, 1877b: 538 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055084]

Toxeus procerus Thorell, 1887: 346

Salticus bellicosus Peckham & Peckham, 1892: 32, pl. 2, f. 11 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055086]

Salticus modestus Thorell, 1892b: 235 (Dj; N.B.: homonym of Salticus modestus) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055085]

Toxeus maxillosus Thorell, 1895b: 328 (Df, S of Salticus modestus and Toxeus procerus)

Myrmarachne maxillosa Simon, 1901a: 498

Myrmarachne bellicosa Simon, 1901a: 500

Myrmarachne maxillosa Szombathy, 1913: 31, 56, f. 8 (m)

Myrmarachne maxillosa Roewer, 1955c: 947 (S of Salticus bellicosus)

Myrmarachne gigantea Żabka, 1985: 244, f. 318-327 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:034790] (N.B.: f allotype may belong to M. vestita, per Yamasaki & Ahmad, 2013: 541)

Myrmarachne maxillosa Yamasaki & Ahmad, 2013: 538, f. 30A-G, 31A-E, 42A-F (mf, S of Myrmarachne gigantea)

Myrmarachne maxillosa Hill & Otto, 2015: 3, f. 2.3 (m habitus)

Toxeus maxillosus Prószyński, 2016: 17, f. 1I, 3F, 4C (Tmf from Myrmarachne)

Toxeus maxillosus Prószyński, 2017b: 99, f. 46D,H (f)

Toxeus maxillosus Prószyński, 2018b: 161, f. 19H (f)

Toxeus maxillosus Nentwig et al., 2019: 42, f. 8a-e (mf)

Myrmarache maxillosa Peng, 2020: 249, f. 173a-b (m)

Toxeus pseudohainan Logunov, 2024 | | Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:061338

Toxeus pseudohainan Logunov, 2024c: 1096, f. 170-175 (Dm) Original description

Toxeus septemdentatus (Strand, 1907) | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:034848

Myrmarachne maxillosa 7-dentata Strand, 1907b: 568 (Dm) Original description

Myrmarachne maxillosa 7-dentata Strand, 1909f: 99

Myrmarachne 7-dentata Feng, 1990: 210, f. 185.1-6 (m, Df)

Myrmarachne maxillosa septemdentata Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 536, f. 305F, R (mf)

Toxeus maxillosus septemdentatus Prószyński, 2016: 17 (T from Myrmarachne, subsequently together with the species Myrmarachne maxillosa)

Toxeus septemdentatus Nentwig et al., 2019: 42, f. 8a-e (mf, elavated to species)

Myrmarachne maxillosa septemdentata Peng, 2020: 252, f. 176a-b (mf)

Toxeus yamasakii Logunov, 2021 | | Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:053540

Toxeus yamasakii Logunov, 2021e: 1051, f. 152-162 (Dmf) Original description