World Spider Catalog

Araneidae Clerck, 1757

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: family name and authorship as per ICZN, 2009 Opinion 2224, after application by Kluge, 2007; Arkyinae L. Koch, 1872 (genera Arkys Walckenaer, 1837 and Demadiana Strand, 1929) elevated to Arkyidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 244; monophyly of Araneidae stated by Kallal et al., 2018: 138; Nephilinae Simon, 1894 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0111] elevated to family and relimited by Kuntner, 2006: 24, re-synonymized with Araneidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 244; Nephilinae and Phonognathinae Simon, 1894 (Simon, 1894a: 746 as Phonognatheae), the valid name for Zygiellinae Simon, 1929 sensu Wunderlich, 2004f, elevated to family by Kuntner et al., 2019: 563, not accepted by Scharff et al., 2020 and Kallal et al., 2020, and confirmed as family by Kuntner et al., 2023: 969-970 along with the separation of Paraplectanoididae Kuntner, Coddington, Agnarsson & Bond, 2023 (with the single genus Paraplectanoides Keyserling, 1886); Nephilinae and Phonognathinae downgraded to subfamily and Paraplectanoididae considered a synonym of Araneidae by Hormiga et al., 2023: 803; Oarcinae (Gnolus and Oarces) transferred from the Mimitidae to the Araneidae by Dimitrov et al., 2012: Suppl. 1, p. 15, re-transfer to the Mimetidae by Eskov & Marusik, 2023: 340 not accepted here (by majority vote of the WSC boards).

Gen. Hypsosinga Ausserer, 1871 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01495

N.B.: often considered a synonym of Singa C. L. Koch, 1836; for the orthography, see Levi, 1972a: 240.

Transferred to other genera:

Hypsosinga henanensis Hu, Wang & Wang, 1991 -- see Sinolinyphia

In synonymy:

Hypsosinga aenea (Kroneberg, 1875, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga pygmaea Sundevall, 1831 (Marusik, 1989b: 43)

Hypsosinga affinis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga albovittata Westring, 1851 (Levy, 1984: 127)

Hypsosinga atra (Kulczyński, 1885, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga sanguinea C. L. Koch, 1844 (Levi, 1972a: 242)

Hypsosinga attica (Simon, 1885) = Hypsosinga albovittata Westring, 1851 (Hadjissarantos, 1940: 70, sub Singa)

Hypsosinga banksi (Petrunkevitch, 1911, T from Linyphia) = Hypsosinga pygmaea Sundevall, 1831 (Levi, 1972a: 244, sub H. variabilis)

Hypsosinga cubana (Banks, 1909, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga pygmaea Sundevall, 1831 (Levi, 1972a: 244, sub H. variabilis)

Hypsosinga distincta (Banks, 1892, T from Microneta) = Hypsosinga pygmaea Sundevall, 1831 (Levi, 1972a: 242, sub H. variabilis)

Hypsosinga hentzi (Banks, 1907, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga rubens Hentz, 1847 (Levi, 1972a: 250)

Hypsosinga hilgendorfi (Karsch, 1879, T from Theridion) = Hypsosinga sanguinea C. L. Koch, 1844 (Ono, 1981c: 4)

Hypsosinga itemvarians (Bonnet, 1955, T from Araneus) = Hypsosinga pygmaea Sundevall, 1831 (Levi, 1972a: 244, sub H. variabilis)

Hypsosinga laevisternis (Simon, 1909, T from Pronous) = Hypsosinga pygmaea Sundevall, 1831 (Levi, 1995b: 169)

Hypsosinga linyphiformis (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) = Hypsosinga pygmaea Sundevall, 1831 (Yaginuma, 1962c: 32, sub Singa)

Hypsosinga luzhongxiani Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 = Hypsosinga alboria Yin, Wang, Xie & Peng, 1990 (Lin et al., 2023a: 502)

Hypsosinga melania (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga pygmaea Sundevall, 1831 (Levi, 1972a: 244, sub H. variabilis)

Hypsosinga modesta (Banks, 1896, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga rubens Hentz, 1847 (Levi, 1972a: 250)

Hypsosinga nigripes (Keyserling, 1884, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga rubens Hentz, 1847 (Levi, 1972a: 250)

Hypsosinga nigrofasciata (L. Koch, 1882) = Hypsosinga albovittata Westring, 1851 (Denis, 1952c: 1, sub Singa)

Hypsosinga orotes (Archer, 1951, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga funebris Keyserling, 1892 (Levi, 1972a: 246, sub H. singaeformis)

Hypsosinga quadripunctata (Kishida, 1931, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga pygmaea Sundevall, 1831 (Ono & Ogata, 2018: 609)

Hypsosinga rufula (Simon, 1874, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga sanguinea C. L. Koch, 1844 (Montardi et al., 2023: 15)

Hypsosinga scabristernis (Kulczyński, 1887, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga albovittata Westring, 1851 (Thaler & Knoflach, 2003: 637)

Hypsosinga singaeformis (Scheffer, 1904) = Hypsosinga funebris Keyserling, 1892 (Levi, 1975b: 113)

Hypsosinga theridiformis (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga pygmaea Sundevall, 1831 (Yaginuma, 1962c: 32, sub Singa)

Hypsosinga truncata (Banks, 1901, T from Singa) = Hypsosinga rubens Hentz, 1847 (Levi, 1972a: 250)

Hypsosinga variabilis (Emerton, 1884) = Hypsosinga pygmaea Sundevall, 1831 (Levi, 1975c: 273)

Nomen dubium:

Hypsosinga aussereri (Thorell, 1873: 456, Europe, originally in Singa) -- Montardi et al., 2023: 16

Hypsosinga alberta Levi, 1972 | | Russia (East Siberia), Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016181

Hypsosinga alberta Levi, 1972a: 254, f. 99-106 (Df) Original description

Hypsosinga alberta Dondale et al., 2003: 287, f. 668-674 (f, Dm)

Hypsosinga alboria Yin, Wang, Xie & Peng, 1990 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016182

Hypsosinga alboria Yin et al., 1990: 73, f. 181-187 (Dmf) Original description

Hypsosinga alboria Song, Chen & Zhu, 1997: 1713, f. 14a-c (m)

Hypsosinga alboria Yin et al., 1997d: 307, f. 213a-g (mf)

Hypsosinga alboria Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 282, f. 170B-C, I-J, 171A (mf)

Hypsosinga alboria Yin et al., 2012: 690, f. 341a-g (mf)

Hyposinga luzhongxiani Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong in Barrion et al., 2013: 4, f. 2A-K (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048414]

Hypsosinga alboria Lin et al., 2023a: 502 (S of Hyposinga luzhongxiani)

Hypsosinga albovittata (Westring, 1851) | | Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Middle East, Central Asia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016183

Singa albovittata Westring, 1851: 36 (D) Original description

Epeira calva Blackwall, 1852b: 99 (Df)

Singa albovittata Westring, 1861: 60 (Dmf)

Epeira calva Blackwall, 1864a: 365, pl. 27, f. 263 (f)

Singa albovittata Menge, 1866: 84, pl. 13, f. 23 (mf)

Hyposinga albovittata Ausserer, 1871b: 823

Singa affinis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876b: 575 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057890]

Singa albovittata Menge, 1879: 558, pl. 91, f. 321 (mf)

Singa nigrofasciata L. Koch, 1882: 627, pl. 2, f. 2 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057904]

Singa attica Simon, 1885c: 329 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057892]

Singa scabristernis Kulczyński, 1887: 306, pl. 5, f. 15 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017061]

Singa albovittata Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 135, pl. 5, f. 26 (mf)

Singa albo-vittata Becker, 1896: (2): 45, pl. 10, f. 1 (mf)

Singa albovittata Bösenberg, 1901: 51, pl. 4, f. 44 (mf)

Araneus albovittatus Lessert, 1910b: 336

Singa albovittata Wiehle, 1931: 46, f. 62-63 (mf)

Singa albovittata Hadjissarantos, 1940: 70 (S of Singa attica)

Singa albovittata Drensky, 1943: 232, f. 13 (mf)

Singa albovittata Denis, 1952c: 2 (S of Singa nigrofasciata)

Singa albovittata Locket & Millidge, 1953: 154, f. 102A, 103A, 104A (mf)

Singa albovittata Holm, 1960a: 512, f. 3 (f)

Singa albovittata Zamaraev, 1964: 354, f. 31-33 (Tmf from Singa s. str.)

Hypsosinga albovittata Azheganova, 1968: 86, f. 174-175, 184 (mf)

Singa albovittata Miller, 1971: 206, pl. XXXVIII, f. 8-9 (m)

Singa albovittata Loksa, 1972: 101, f. 92A-B, 94A (mf)

Hypsosinga albovittata Bakhvalov, 1974: 109, f. 27-29 (mf)

Singa albovittata Palmgren, 1974a: 11, f. 4a-c (mf)

Hypsosinga albovittata Levy, 1984: 127, f. 42-56 (mf, S of Singa affinis)

Hypsosinga albovittata Roberts, 1985: 218, f. 98b (mf)

Hypsosinga albovittata Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 84, f. 188 (mf)

Hypsosinga albovittata Roberts, 1995: 330, f. (mf)

Hypsosinga albovittata Mcheidze, 1997: 257, f. 564-566 (mf)

Hypsosinga albovittata Roberts, 1998: 343, f. (mf)

Hypsosinga albovittata Thaler & Knoflach, 2003: 637 (S of Singa scabristernis)

Hypsosinga albovittata Almquist, 2005: 162, f. 170a-h (mf)

Hypsosinga albovittata Lecigne, 2016a: 112, f. 8A-B (m)

Hypsosinga albovittata Morano, 2023: 91, f. 71-73 (mf)

Hypsosinga albovittata Rehfeldt & Cassar, 2024: 21, f. 4a-b (m)

Hypsosinga clax Oliger, 1993 | | Russia (Far East) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016184

Hypsosinga clax Oliger, 1993: 65, f. 1a-d, 2a (Dmf) Original description

Hypsosinga funebris (Keyserling, 1892) | | USA, Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016185

Cercidia funebris Keyserling, 1892: 37, pl. 2, f, 32 (Df) Original description

Cercidia funebris McCook, 1894: 216, pl. 19, f. 9-10 (f)

Araneus singaeformis Scheffer, 1904b: 259, pl. 17, f. 4-6 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057906]

Singa schefferi Banks, 1910: 40 (replacement name for A. s., believed preoccupied by Epeira singaeformis Hasselt, 1882)

Araneus funebris Petrunkevitch, 1911: 293

Araneus schefferi Petrunkevitch, 1911: 314

Singa orotes Archer, 1951a: 41, f. 36-37, 61 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057905]

Hypsosinga singaeformis Levi, 1972a: 246, f. 58-71 (mf, T from Singa, S of Singa orotes)

Singa singaeformis Levi, 1972c: 191, f. 1-11 (mf)

Hypsosinga funebris Levi, 1975b: 113 (mf, T from Cercidia, S of Hypsosinga singaeformis)

Hypsosinga singaeformis Kaston, 1977: 28, f. 20 (f)

Hypsosinga funebris Dondale et al., 2003: 292, f. 688-696 (mf)

Hypsosinga groenlandica Simon, 1889 | | USA, Canada, Greenland urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016186

Hypsosinga groenlandica Simon, 1889j: 290 (Df) Original description

Aranea groenlandica Strand, 1906a: 460

Araneus groenlandicus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 295

Singa (H.) groenlandica Holm, 1960a: 512, f. 2 (Tf from Singa s. str.)

Singa groenlandica Holm, 1967: 68, f. 86-87 (f)

Hypsosinga groenlandica Levi, 1972a: 254, f. 89-98 (f, Dm)

Hypsosinga groenlandica Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 46, f. 311-314 (mf)

Hypsosinga groenlandica Dondale et al., 2003: 285, f. 659-667 (mf)

Hypsosinga groenlandica Marusik, 2015: 672, f. 4C-D, 6B (mf)

Hypsosinga heri (Hahn, 1831) | | Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Central Asia, West Siberia), Israel, Iran, Central Asia, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016187

Epeira herii Hahn, 1831a: 8, f. 5 (Dmf) Original description

Singa heri C. L. Koch, 1837b: 6

Singa nigrifrons C. L. Koch, 1844: 153, f. 949 (Df)

Singa nigrifrons Menge, 1866: 85, pl. 13, f. L-N (Dm)

Hypsosinga nigrifrons Ausserer, 1871b: 823

Cercidia pachyderma Simon, 1873c: 327, pl. 10, f. 1 (Df)

Singa heri Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 135, pl. 5, f. 27 (mf)

Singa heri O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1893a: 160, f. 5 (m)

Singa heri Bösenberg, 1901: 51, pl. 4, f. 43 (mf)

Araneus heri Lessert, 1910b: 335

Araneus heri Simon, 1929: 703, 705, 766, f. 1102-1103 (mf)

Singa heri Wiehle, 1931: 48, f. 66-68 (mf)

Singa heri Drensky, 1943: 232, f. 14 (mf)

Singa heri Locket & Millidge, 1953: 157, f. 103F, 105A-B (mf)

Singa (H.) heri Zamaraev, 1964: 354, f. 28-30 (Tmf from Singa s. str.)

Hypsosinga heri Azheganova, 1968: 86, 176-177 (mf)

Singa heri Miller, 1971: 206, pl. XXXVIII, f. 12-13 (mf)

Singa heri Loksa, 1972: 102, f. 93A-B (mf)

Hypsosinga heri Levy, 1984: 130, f. 72-77 (mf)

Hypsosinga heri Roberts, 1985: 218, f. 98e (mf)

Hypsosinga heri Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 84, f. 189 (mf)

Hypsosinga heri Almquist, 1994: 114, f. 10-15 (mf)

Hypsosinga heri Roberts, 1995: 332, f. (mf)

Hypsosinga heri Mcheidze, 1997: 258, f. 570-572 (mf)

Hypsosinga heri Yin et al., 1997d: 308, f. 214a-b (m)

Hypsosinga heri Roberts, 1998: 344, f. (mf)

Hypsosinga heri Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 282, f. 170D, K (mf)

Hypsosinga heri Almquist, 2005: 163, f. 171a-h (mf)

Hypsosinga heri Jäger, 2006d: 4, f. 1-4h-m (mf)

Hypsosinga heri Lecigne, 2020: 57, pl. 3C-D (mf)

Hypsosinga holzapfelae (Lessert, 1936) | | Kenya, Mozambique, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014934

Araneus holzapfeli Lessert, 1936: 246, f. 40-42 (Dmf; patronym, i.e. matronym, for Monika Holzapfel) Original description

Araneus holzapfelae Dippenaar-Schoeman & Foord, 2020a: 19, f. 1-6 (f)

Hypsosinga holzapfelae Kioko et al., 2021: 64 (T from Araneus)

Hypsosinga holzapfelae Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2022e: 19, 5 f. (f)

Hypsosinga kazachstanica Ponomarev, 2007 | | Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:041377

Hypsosinga kazachstanica Ponomarev, 2007b: 89, f. 8 (Dm) Original description

Hypsosinga lithyphantoides Caporiacco, 1947 | | Uganda, Kenya, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016188

Hyposinga lithyphantoides Caporiacco, 1947c: 164, f. 25 (Df) Original description

Hyposinga lithyphantoides Caporiacco, 1949a: 413, f. 54a-c (f, Dm)

Hypsosinga lithyphantoides Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2022e: 20, p. 18: 1 f., p. 20: 6 f. (mf habitus)

Hypsosinga lithyphantoides dealbata Caporiacco, 1949 | | Kenya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016189

Hyposinga lithyphantoides dealbatas Caporiacco, 1949a: 414, f. 55 (Dmf) Original description

Hypsosinga lithyphantoides dealbata Brignoli, 1983c: 271

Hypsosinga pulla Mi & Li, 2021 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:053586

Hypsosinga pulla Mi & Li, 2021b: 67, f. 12A-B, 13A-F, 21A (Dmf) Original description

Hypsosinga pygmaea (Sundevall, 1831) | | North America, Europe, Turkey, Israel, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Iran, Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan. Introduced to South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016190

Theridion pygmaeum Sundevall, 1831: 14, 1832: 121 (Df) Original description

Hypsosinga pygmaea Dondale et al., 2003: 282, f. 649-658 (mf)

Micryphantes anthracinus C. L. Koch, 1837b: 11 (D)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Namkung, 2003: 284, f. 19.43a-b (mf)

Phrurolithus trifasciatus C. L. Koch, 1839a: 116, f. 516 (Df)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Almquist, 2005: 164, f. 172a-h (mf)

Singa trifasciata C. L. Koch, 1844: 151, f. 948 (f)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Tanikawa, 2007c: 53, f. 71-72, 475-476 (mf)

Singa anthracina C. L. Koch, 1844: 154, f. 950 (Dm)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Tanikawa, 2009: 431, f. 59-60 (mf)

Epeira nigrifrons Westring, 1851: 36

Hypsosinga pygmaea Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 227, f. 162A-D (mf)

Epeira trifasciata Westring, 1851: 59

Hypsosinga pygmaea Yin et al., 2012: 692, f. 342a-f (mf)

Epeira anthracina Blackwall, 1864a: 357, pl. 26, f. 257 (m)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Kim & Lee, 2012b: 77, f. 56A-C (mf)

Epeira herii Blackwall, 1864a: 366, pl. 27, f. 264 (misidentified)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Ono & Ogata, 2018: 609 (S of Singa quadripunctata)

Singa heerii Menge, 1866: 84, pl. 13, f. 23A (mf, misidentified)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2022e: 21, p. 18: 1 f., p. 21: 7 f. (f)

Singa trifasciata Ohlert, 1867: 26 (Dm)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Morano, 2023: 91, f. 74-76 (mf; figs. misspelled pigmaea)

Singa pygmaea Thorell, 1870a: 26

Hyposinga pygmaea Ausserer, 1871b: 823

Singa abbreviata Karsch, 1873: 120, pl. 1, f. 1 (Dj)

Singa pygmaea Simon, 1874a: 128

Singa aenea Kroneberg, 1875: 5, pl. 1, f. 3 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057889]

Singa maculata Thorell, 1875a: 81 (Dmf)

Singa maculata Thorell, 1875c: 13 (Dmf)

Singa variabilis Emerton, 1884: 322, pl. 34, f. 16, pl. 37, f. 19-21 (Dmf; preoccupied by Keyserling, 1864 in Araneus, see Alpaida variabilis) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057909]

Singa grammica Simon, 1885c: 328 (Df)

Singa pygmaea Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 135, pl. 5, f. 28 (mf)

Microneta distincta Banks, 1892a: 48, pl. 2, f. 53 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057895]

Singa variabilis McCook, 1894: 233, pl. 20, f. 11-13, pl. 19, f. 7 (mf)

Singa pygmaea Becker, 1896: (2): 46, pl. 10, f. 2 (mf)

Singa pygmaea Bösenberg, 1901: 53, pl. 4, f. 46 (mf)

Singa variabilis Emerton, 1902: 187, f. 436 (mf)

Aranea (Singa) theridiformis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 236, pl. 4, f. 35, pl. 15, f. 400 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057907]

Aranea (Singa) linyphiformis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 237, pl. 15, f. 421 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057900]

Linyphia bicolor Banks, 1906b: 97 (Dmf; preoccupied by Nicolet, 1849, see Sphecozone bicolor)

Singa cubana Banks, 1909b: 162, pl. 45, f. 8 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057894]

Pronous laevisternis Simon, 1909e: 113 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057899]

Araneus pygmaea Lessert, 1910b: 337

Linyphia banksi Petrunkevitch, 1911: 246 (replacement name for Linyphia bicolor) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057893]

Araneus varians Petrunkevitch, 1911: 323 (replacement name for Singa variabilis; itself preoccupied by Thorell, 1899 in Araneus, see Neoscona penicillipes)

Microneta distincta Banks, 1916: 77, pl. 10, f. 1 (m)

Singa pygmaea Wiehle, 1931: 47, f. 64-65 (mf)

Singa quadripunctata Kishida in Yuhara, 1931: 152, f. 77 (D) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050721]

Singa pygmaea Drensky, 1943: 232, f. 13 (mf)

Singa melania Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947b: 64 (Dj) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057901]

Singa variabilis Kaston, 1948: 240, f. 760-765 (mf)

Singa pygmaea Locket & Millidge, 1953: 155, f. 102C, 103B, 104B (mf)

Araneus itemvarians Bonnet, 1955: 523 (replacement name for Araneus varians Petrunkevitch, preoccupied) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057898]

Singa pygmaea Yaginuma, 1960: 59, f. 57 (f)

Singa pygmaea Yaginuma, 1962c: 32 (S of Singa linyphiformis and S. theridiformis)

Singa pygmea Namkung, 1964: 39, f. 29 (f)

Singa (H.) pygmaea Zamaraev, 1964: 354, f. 34-36 (mf)

Singa pygmaea Yaginuma, 1965b: 363, f. 3.2 (f)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Azheganova, 1968: 87, f. 185-186 (mf)

Singa pygmaea Chu & Okuma, 1970: 70, f. 2A-B (mf)

Singa pygmaea Yaginuma, 1971: 59, f. 57 (f)

Singa pygmaea Miller, 1971: 206, pl. XXXVIII, f. 6-7 (m)

Singa pygmaea Loksa, 1972: 101, f. 92C-D, 94B (mf)

Hypsosinga variabilis Levi, 1972a: 242, f. 44-57 (mf, T from Singa, S of Araneus itemvarians, Linyphia banksi, Microneta distincta, Singa cubana and S. melania)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Bakhvalov, 1974: 109, f. 24, 26, 30 (mf)

Singa pygmaea Palmgren, 1974a: 11, f. 4d-f (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Levi, 1975c: 273, f. 21 (f, S of Hypsosinga variabilis)

Singa pygmaea Yin, 1978: 6, f. 16A-E (mf)

Singa pygmaea Paik & Namkung, 1979: 48, f. 31 (f)

Singa pygmaea Song, 1980: 108, f. 53a-e (mf)

Singa pygmaea Qiu, 1981: 17, f. 8A-D (mf)

Singa pygmaea Wang, 1981: 104, f. 46A-C (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Levy, 1984: 129, f. 57-71 (mf)

Singa pygmaea Hu, 1984: 130, f. 131.1-4 (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Roberts, 1985: 218, f. 98c (mf)

Singa pygmaea Guo, 1985: 72, f. 2-25.1-3 (mf)

Singa pygmaea Zhu & Shi, 1985: 87, f. 75a-e (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Yaginuma, 1986a: 107, f. 57.2 (f)

Singa pygmaea Song, 1987: 177, f. 137 (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Zhang, 1987: 80, f. 63.1-4 (mf)

Hypsosinga variabilis Crawford, 1988: 9 (S with Hypsosinga pygmaea rejected, rejection not accepted by Platnick)

Singa pygmaea Hu & Wu, 1989: 108, f. 83.1-3 (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Marusik, 1989b: 43 (S of Singa aenea)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Feng, 1990: 100, f. 75.1-4 (mf)

Singa pygmaea Chen & Gao, 1990: 71, f. 90a-b (mf)

Singa pygmaea Chen & Zhang, 1991: 108, f. 102.1-5 (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 84, f. 190 (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Okuma et al., 1993: 25, f. 21A-B (mf)

Singa pygmaea Zhao, 1993: 260, f. 122a-c (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Roberts, 1995: 331, f. (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 611, f. 383a-c (f)

Singa pygmaea Zhao, 1995: 977, f. 461a-c (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Levi, 1995b: 169 (S of Pronous laevisternis)

Hypsosinga pigmaea Mcheidze, 1997: 257, f. 567-569 (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Yin et al., 1997d: 309, f. 215a-f (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Roberts, 1998: 343, f. (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 282, f. 170E-F, N, 171B (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Hu, 2001: 460, f. 302.1-3 (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Song, Zhu & Chen, 2001: 207, f. 124A-D (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Namkung, 2002: 282, f. 19.43a-b (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Levi, 2002: 541, f. 102-103 (f)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Kim & Kim, 2002: 209, f. 48, 130, 245-246 (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 47, f. 315-318 (mf)

Hypsosinga pygmaea nigra (Simon, 1909) | | Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016191

Pronous laevisternis niger Simon, 1909e: 113 (Df) Original description

Hypsosinga pygmaea nigriceps (Kulczyński, 1903) | | Turkey urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016192

Aranea pygmaea nigriceps Kulczyński, 1903b: 649 (Df) Original description

Hypsosinga rubens (Hentz, 1847) | | USA, Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016193

Epeira rubens Hentz, 1847: 477, pl. 31, f. 18 (Df) Original description

Singa maculata Emerton, 1884: 323, pl. 37, f. 18 (Dmf; preoccupied by Thorell, 1875, see Hypsosinga pygmaea)

Singa nigripes Keyserling, 1884b: 655, pl. 21, f. 7 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057903]

Singa maculata Keyserling, 1893: 285, pl. 14, f. 210 (f)

Singa nigripes Keyserling, 1893: 290, pl. 15, f. 214 (f)

Singa nigripes McCook, 1894: 232, pl. 19, f. 5-6 (f, Dm)

Singa maculata McCook, 1894: 235, pl. 19, f. 9 (f)

Singa modesta Banks, 1896e: 70 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057902]

Singa truncata Banks, 1901c: 188 (replacement name for Singa maculata) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057908]

Singa hentzi Banks, 1907: 740, f. 20 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057896]

Araneus hentzi Petrunkevitch, 1911: 296

Araneus modestus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 304

Araneus nigripes Petrunkevitch, 1911: 306

Araneus rubens Petrunkevitch, 1911: 313

Araneus tusus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 321 (superfluous replacement name)

Singa rubens Archer, 1940: 38, pl. II, f. 3 (f, T from Araneus)

Singa truncata Kaston, 1948: 241, f. 746, 766 (mf)

Hypsosinga rubens Levi, 1972a: 248, f. 72-88 (mf, T from Singa, S of Singa hentzi, S. modesta, S. nigripes and S. truncata)

Hypsosinga rubens Breene et al., 1993: 107, f. 165A-C (mf)

Hypsosinga rubens Levi, 2002: 549, f. 203 (m)

Hypsosinga rubens Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 47, f. 319-322 (mf)

Hypsosinga rubens Dondale et al., 2003: 289, f. 675-687 (mf)

Hypsosinga ryani Mi, Li & Pham, 2023 | | Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058037

Hypsosinga ryani Mi, Li & Pham, 2023: 80, f. 6A-G, 7A-E, 10A-D (Dmf) Original description

Hypsosinga sanguinea (C. L. Koch, 1844) | | Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Russia (Europe to Far East), Iran, Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016194

Singa sanguinea C. L. Koch, 1844: 155, f. 951 (Df) Original description

Singa rufula Simon, 1873a: 173, pl. 3, f. 5 (nomen nudum)

Epeira sanguinea O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873c: 552 (Dm)

Singa rufula Simon, 1874a: 131, pl. 2, f. 4 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057637]

Theridion hilgendorfi Karsch, 1879g: 63, pl. 1, f. 2 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057897]

Singa atra Kulczyński, 1885: 23, pl. 9, f. 6 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057891]

Singa rufula Becker, 1896: (2): 48, pl. 10, f. 3 (mf)

Singa sanguinea Bösenberg, 1901: 52, pl. 4, f. 45 (mf)

Theridion hilgendorfi Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 148, pl. 15, f. 401 (Df)

Araneus sanguineus Simon, 1929: 703, 707, 767

Araneus rufulus Simon, 1929: 703, 705, 767, f. 1099-1101 (mf)

Singa sanguinea Wiehle, 1931: 49, f. 69-70 (mf)

Singa sanguinea Nakatsudi, 1942b: 12, f. 3B-C (f)

Singa sanguinea Drensky, 1943: 232, f. 14 (mf)

Singa sanguinea Tullgren, 1952: 162, f. 8a-b (m)

Singa sanguinea Locket & Millidge, 1953: 155, f. 103D-E, 104C (mf)

Singa sanguinea Yaginuma, 1960: 59, f. 57 (f)

Singa sanguinea Paik, 1962: 76, f. 4 (f)

Singa (H.) sanguinea Zamaraev, 1964: 354, f. 37-39 (mf)

Singa sanguinea Yaginuma, 1965b: 363, f. 3.3 (f)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Azheganova, 1968: 87, f. 178, 187 (mf)

Singa sanguinea Yaginuma, 1971: 59, f. 57 (f)

Singa sanguinea Miller, 1971: 206, pl. XXXVIII, f. 10-11 (mf)

Singa sanguinea Loksa, 1972: 103, f. 93C-D (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Levi, 1972a: 242, f. 35-43 (mf, S of Singa atra)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Izmailova, 1972c: 55, f. 6 (f)

Singa sanguinea Palmgren, 1974a: 11, f. 3h-l (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Ono, 1981c: 4, f. 2 (m, S of Singa hilgendorfi)

Singa sanguinea Hu, 1984: 130, f. 132.1-3 (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Roberts, 1985: 218, f. 98d (mf)

Singa sanguinea Guo, 1985: 72, f. 2-26.1-2 (f)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Zhu & Shi, 1985: 77, f. 65a-f (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Yaginuma, 1986a: 107, f. 57.3 (f)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Song, 1987: 169, f. 129 (f)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Zhang, 1987: 81, f. 64.1-3 (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Chikuni, 1989b: 76, f. 42 (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Feng, 1990: 99, f. 74.1-3 (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Chen & Gao, 1990: 72, f. 91a-b (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Chen & Zhang, 1991: 109, f. 103.1-3 (f)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 84, f. 191 (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Oliger, 1993: 65, f. 2b-c (m)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Zhao, 1993: 237, f. 110a-c (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Roberts, 1995: 331, f. (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Zhao, 1995: 955, f. 449a-c (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Mcheidze, 1997: 258, f. 573-574 (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Yin et al., 1997d: 310, f. 216a-f (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Roberts, 1998: 344, f. (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 291, f. 170G-H, L-M, 171C (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Hu, 2001: 460, f. 301.1-2 (f)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Song, Zhu & Chen, 2001: 208, f. 125A-F (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Namkung, 2002: 283, f. 19.44a-b (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Kim & Kim, 2002: 210, f. 49, 131-132, 247-248 (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Namkung, 2003: 285, f. 19.44a-b (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Almquist, 2005: 166, f. 173a-f (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Tanikawa, 2007c: 54, f. 73-79, 477-478 (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Tanikawa, 2009: 431, f. 61-62 (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 228, f. 163A-E (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Yin et al., 2012: 693, f. 343a-f (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Kim & Lee, 2012b: 79, f. 57A-E, pl. 14 (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Baba & Tanikawa, 2015: 60, 4 f. (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Breitling, 2020: 339, f. 4F (m)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 110, f. 76A-G (mf)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Montardi et al., 2023: 15, f. 14A-B, 15A-B (mf, S of Singa rufula)

Hypsosinga sanguinea Morano, 2023: 91, f. 77-78 (mf)

Hypsosinga satpuraensis Bodkhe, Uniyal & Kamble, 2016 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048915

Hypsosinga satpuraensis Bodkhe, Uniyal & Kamble, 2016a: 93, f. 1-10 (Dm) Original description

Hypsosinga taprobanica (Simon, 1895) | | Sri Lanka urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016195

Pronous taprobanicus Simon, 1895a: 863, f. 952 (Dmf) Original description

Hypsosinga taprobanica Levi, 1995b: 169 (Tmf from Pronous)

Hypsosinga turkmenica Bakhvalov, 1978 | | Turkmenistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016196

Hyposinga turkmenica Bakhvalov, 1978: 792, f. 8-12 (Dmf) Original description

Hypsosinga vaulogeri (Simon, 1909) | | Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016197

Araneus (H.) vaulogeri Simon, 1909e: 110 (Df) Original description

Hypsosinga wanica Song, Qian & Gao, 1996 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016198

Hypsosinga wanica Song, Qian & Gao in Song et al., 1996: 106, f. 2A-C (Dm) Original description

Hypsosinga wanica Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 291, f. 170O-P (m)

Hypsosinga zioni Mi, Li & Pham, 2023 | | Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058038

Hypsosinga zioni Mi, Li & Pham, 2023: 83, f. 8A-G, 10E-H (Df) Original description