World Spider Catalog

Thomisidae Sundevall, 1833

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: Includes Aphantochilidae as "a subfamily related to the Strophiinae" (Ono, 1988c: 217-218, after Homann, 1975: 184; see also Benjamin, 2011: 8 and Teixeira, Campos & Lise, 2014: 73). Separation of Borboropactidae Wunderlich, 2004 (Wunderlich, 2004m: 1738, Murphy & Roberts, 2015: viii) not sufficiently justified and is not accepted here. Lehtinen, 2016 splits the family into five families, i.e. Thomisidae s. str., Borboropactidae Wunderlich, 2004, Stephanopidae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871, Stiphropidae Simon, 1886 [sub Stiphropodidae; for nomenclatural author and year see Simon, 1886b: 170] and Bomidae Simon, 1886 [for nomenclatural author and year see Simon, 1886b: 173]; because of lack of a phylogenetic analysis and partly unclear limitations this splitting is not accepted; the family is not monophyletic per Kulkarni, Wood & Hormiga, 2023: 518, f. 17-18.

Gen. Firmicus Simon, 1895 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02672

In synonymy:

Firmicus marginatus Simon, 1897 = Firmicus insularis Blackwall, 1877 (Benoit, 1978j: 899)

Firmicus quadrinotatus (Simon, 1884) = Firmicus bragantinus Brito Capello, 1866 (Lessert, 1936: 260, sub Synaema)

Firmicus abnormis (Lessert, 1923) | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030393

Synaema (Firmicus) abnorme Lessert, 1923: 178, f. 23-25 (Dm) Original description

Firmicus abnormis Roewer, 1955c: 833

Firmicus abnormis Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020u: 28, 5 f. (m)

Firmicus arushae Caporiacco, 1947 | | East Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030394

Firmicus arushae Caporiacco, 1947c: 219, f. 59 (Df) Original description

Firmicus aurantipes Jézéquel, 1966 | | Ivory Coast urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030395

Firmicus aurantipes Jézéquel, 1966: 620, f. 10-11 (Dmf) Original description

Firmicus biguttatus Caporiacco, 1940 | | Ethiopia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030396

Firmicus biguttatus Caporiacco, 1940c: 852 (Df) Original description

Firmicus bimaculatus (Simon, 1886) | | Madagascar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030397

Synaema bimaculatum Simon, 1886b: 181 (Df) Original description

Firmicus bimaculatus Simon, 1895a: 1036

Synaema (Rimania) bimaculata Dahl, 1907a: 382, 393 (Dm)

Firmicus bipunctatus Caporiacco, 1941 | | Ethiopia, Sudan, Cameroon, Congo, Angola, Mozambique, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030398

Firmicus bipunctatus Caporiacco, 1941b: 131, f. 54 (Dm) Original description

Firmicus bipunctatus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020u: 29, 27: 2 f., 29 3 f. (m)

Firmicus bivittatus Simon, 1895 | | Spain, France, Algeria urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030399

Firmicus bivittatus Simon, 1895b: 438 (Dm) Original description

Synaema bivittatum Lessert, 1919: 195

Firmicus bivittatus Simon, 1932: 786, 868, f. 1147 (m, Df)

Firmicus bivittatus Deltshev, 2017: 9, f. 2-19 (mf)

Firmicus bivittatus Domènech et al., 2023: 164, f. 9A-E (mf)

Firmicus bragantinus (Brito Capello, 1866) | | Sudan, DR Congo, Angola, Mozambique, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030400

Thomisus bragantinus Brito Capello, 1866: 86, pl. 2, f. 6 (Df) Original description

Synaema quadrinotatum Simon, 1884k: 11, pl. 1, f. 3 (Dj) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:053498]

Firmicus quadrinotatus Simon, 1895a: 1036

Synaema bragantinum Lessert, 1919: 195

Synaema bragantinum Lessert, 1928: 320, f. 11 (f)

Synaema bragantinum Lessert, 1933: 121, f. 37 (f)

Synaema bragantinum Lessert, 1936: 260, f. 54-55 (Dm, S of Firmicus quadrinotatus)

Firmicus bragantinus Roewer, 1955c: 833

Firmicus bragantinus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020u: 30, 5 f. (mf)

Firmicus bragantinus Dippenaar-Schoeman, van der Walt & Webb, 2022: 10, f. 1-5, 7-8 (mf)

Firmicus campestratus Simon, 1907 | | West Africa, Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030401

Firmicus campestratus Simon, 1907d: 320 (Dmf) Original description

Synaema campestratum Lessert, 1919: 195

Firmicus campestratus Lessert, 1943: 321, f. 21-22 (m)

Firmicus campestratus faradjensis (Lessert, 1928) | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030402

Synaema campestratum faradjensis Lessert, 1928: 325, f. 14-15 (Dmf) Original description

Firmicus campestratus faradjensis Lessert, 1943: 322

Firmicus campestratus ogoueensis Simon, 1907 | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030403

Firmicus campestratus ogoueensis Simon, 1907d: 320 (Df) Original description

Firmicus dewitzi Simon, 1899 | | Egypt, Israel, Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030404

Firmicus dewitzi Simon, 1899e: 245, f. 4 (Dm) Original description

Synaema dewitzi Lessert, 1919: 196

Synema multipunctatum dewitzi Millot, 1942: 57

Firmicus dewitzi Levy, 1973: 122, f. 32-35 (mf)

Firmicus dewitzi Levy, 1985b: 33, f. 36-39 (mf)

Firmicus duriusculus Simon, 1903 | | Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030405

Firmicus duriusculus Simon, 1903g: 728 (Df) Original description

Firmicus haywoodae Jézéquel, 1964 | | Ivory Coast urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030406

Firmicus haywoodae Jézéquel, 1964c: 1132, f. 36-37 (Dmf) Original description

Firmicus insularis (Blackwall, 1877) | | Seychelles urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030407

Thomisus insularis Blackwall, 1877: 7, pl. 1, f. 6 (Df) Original description

Firmicus marginatus Simon, 1898d: 379 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058484]

Synaema insularis Dahl, 1907a: 381

Synaema marginatum Lessert, 1919: 199

Firmicus insularis Benoit, 1978j: 899, f. 1-2 (Dm, f, T from Synema, S of Synema marginatum)

Firmicus insularis Saaristo, 2010: 283, f. 39.1-2 (m)

Firmicus lentiginosus (Simon, 1886) | j | Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030408

Synaema lentiginosum Simon, 1886b: 180 (Dj) Original description

Firmicus lentiginosus Simon, 1932: 786

Firmicus lentiginosus Lessert, 1943: 321

Firmicus paecilipes Caporiacco, 1940 | | Ethiopia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030409

Firmicus paecilipes Caporiacco, 1940c: 851, f. 46 (Dmf) Original description

Firmicus strandi Caporiacco, 1947 | j | East Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030410

Firmicus strandi Caporiacco, 1947c: 220 (Dj) Original description

Firmicus werneri Simon, 1906 | | Uganda urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030411

Firmicus werneri Simon, 1906a: 1165 (Df) Original description