World Spider Catalog

Nemesiidae Simon, 1889

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: elevated to family level, relimited and considered a senior synonym of Pycnothelidae by Raven, 1985a: 79; possibly paraphyletic (Goloboff, 1993: 30, Goloboff, 1995: 5, Murphy & Roberts, 2015: ix); Nemesiidae newly circumscribed, Anaminae elevated to family level, Pycnothelidae revalidated and Entypesidae (Entypesa, Hermacha, Lepthercus) separated by Opatova et al., 2020: 700, 701, 702; redefined again and transfer of 12 genera to the Pycnotelidae by Montes de Oca et al., 2022: 11, 15; the family is not monophyletic per Kulkarni, Wood & Hormiga, 2023: 487, f. 5.

Gen. Raveniola Zonstein, 1987 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:00133

Transferred to other genera:

Raveniola chengbuensis Xu & Yin, 2002 -- see Sinopesa

Raveniola chinensis (Kulczyński, 1901) -- see Sinopesa

Raveniola sinensis (Zhu & Mao, 1983) -- see Sinopesa

In synonymy:

Raveniola arnoldi (Zonstein, 1984) = Raveniola virgata Simon, 1891 (Zonstein, 1985: 159, sub Brachythele)

Raveniola recki (Mcheidze, 1983) = Raveniola zaitzevi Charitonov, 1948 (Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 34)

Raveniola adjarica Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018 | | Georgia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050011

Raveniola adjarica Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 8, f. 43-44, 68, 84, 102, 117, 129, 149, 171-173, 198 (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola alpina Li & Zonstein, 2015 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048006

Raveniola alpina Li & Zonstein, 2015: 5, f. 1A-G, 2A-C (Dm) Original description

Raveniola ambardzumyani Marusik & Zonstein, 2021 | | Armenia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:053570

Raveniola ambardzumyani Marusik & Zonstein, 2021: 96, f. 1-7, 11 (Df) Original description

Raveniola anadolu Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018 | | Turkey urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050012

Raveniola anadolu Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 24, f. 51, 75, 108, 136, 156, 183 (Dm) Original description

Raveniola anadolu Seyyar & Demir, 2024a: 120, f. 2A-B, 3A-D (m)

Raveniola arthuri Kunt & Yağmur, 2010 | | Turkey urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043380

Raveniola arthuri Kunt & Yagmur, 2010: 306, f. 1a-e, 2a-d (Dm) Original description

Raveniola arthuri Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 26, f. 76, 109, 137, 157, 184 (m)

Raveniola beelzebub Lin & Li, 2020 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051979

Raveniola beelzebub Lin & Li, 2020b: 2, f. 1A-E, 2A-B (Df) Original description

Raveniola beelzebub Lin, Yan & Li, 2022c: 7, f. 3C-1 (f)

Raveniola bellula Li & Zonstein, 2015 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048007

Raveniola bellula Li & Zonstein, 2015: 8, f. 3A-G, 4A-B, 5A-D (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola bellula Lin, Yan & Li, 2022c: 7, f. 3C-2 (f)

Raveniola birecikensis Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018 | | Turkey urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050013

Raveniola birecikensis Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 21, f. 50, 52, 72-74, 106-107, 133-135, 153-155, 180-182 (Dm) Original description

Raveniola caudata Zonstein, 2009 | | Tajikistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042708

Raveniola caudata Zonstein, 2009a: 38, f. 1, 3, 5-6, 8 (Dm) Original description

Raveniola caudata Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 3, f. 167 (m)

Raveniola chayi Li & Zonstein, 2015 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048008

Raveniola chayi Li & Zonstein, 2015: 11, f. 6A-G, 7A-C, 8A-C (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola chayi Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 3, f. 215 (f)

Raveniola chayi Lin, Yan & Li, 2022c: 7, f. 3C-3 (f)

Raveniola concolor Zonstein, 2000 | | Pakistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036940

Raveniola concolor Zonstein, 2000: 50, f. 4-6 (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola concolor Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 3, f. 146, 168, 214 (mf)

Raveniola dunini Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018 | | Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050014

Raveniola dunini Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 10, f. 45, 69, 85, 103, 118, 130, 150, 174-175, 199 (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola fedotovi (Charitonov, 1946) | | Uzbekistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001263

Brachythele fedotovi Charitonov, 1946: 19, f. 2 (Dm; see also Charitonov, 1969: 65) Original description

Raveniola fedotovi Zonstein, 1987: 1015 (T from Brachythele)

Raveniola fedotovi Zonstein & Esyunin, 2023: 76, f. 1-14 (m, Df)

Raveniola ferghanensis (Zonstein, 1984) | | Kyrgyzstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001264

Brachythele ferghanensis Zonstein, 1984: 43, f. 7-12 (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola ferghanensis Zonstein, 1987: 1015 (T from Brachythele)

Raveniola ferghanensis Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 3, f. 145, 166 (m)

Raveniola gracilis Li & Zonstein, 2015 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048009

Raveniola gracilis Li & Zonstein, 2015: 15, f. 9A-G, 10A-C (Dm) Original description

Raveniola gracilis Tian, Liu & Chen, 2020: 103, f. 1A-D, 2, 3A-D (m, Df)

Raveniola gracilis Lin, Yan & Li, 2022c: 7, f. 3C-4 (f)

Raveniola guangxi (Raven & Schwendinger, 1995) | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001276

Sinopesa guangxi Raven & Schwendinger, 1995: 633, f. 3C, 4B-C, 8A-E (Dm) Original description

Raveniola guangxi Zonstein & Marusik, 2012: 76, f. 7, 15, 24, 30, 37-38 (Tm from Sinopesa)

Raveniola hebeinica Zhu, F. Zhang & J. X. Zhang, 1999 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036941

Raveniola hebeinica Zhu, Zhang & Zhang, 1999: 366, f. 1-10 (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola hebeinica Song, Zhu & Chen, 2001: 56, f. 22A-I (mf)

Raveniola hebeinica Zonstein & Marusik, 2012: 76, f. 8, 16, 25, 31, 39, 47 (mf)

Raveniola hebeinica Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 3, f. 216 (f)

Raveniola hebeinica Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 17, f. 1A-H (mf)

Raveniola hebeinica Lin, Yan & Li, 2022c: 7, f. 3C-5 (f)

Raveniola hyrcanica Dunin, 1988 | | Azerbaijan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001265

Raveniola hyrcanica Dunin, 1988: 1245, f. 1-7 (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola hyrcanica Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 13, f. 6-9, 13-14, 21-22, 25, 29-30, 33, 35, 46-47, 62, 65, 70, 86, 104, 119, 131, 151, 176-177, 200-201 (mf)

Raveniola jundai Lin & Li, 2022 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:056656

Raveniola jundai Lin & Li, 2022c: 105, f. 1, 2A-F, 3A-B (Df) Original description

Raveniola kopetdaghensis (Fet, 1984) | | Turkmenistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001266

Brachythele kopetdaghensis Fet, 1984: 37, f. 1-2 (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola kopetdaghensis Zonstein, 1987: 1015 (T from Brachythele)

Raveniola lamia Yu & Zhang, 2021 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:053644

Raveniola lamia Yu & Zhang, 2021: 119, f. 1A, 2A-H (Df) Original description

Raveniola lamia Lin, Yan & Li, 2022c: 7, f. 3C-6 (f)

Raveniola marusiki Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018 | | Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050015

Raveniola marusiki Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 37, f. 81, 114, 142, 162, 191-192 (Dm) Original description

Raveniola mazandaranica Marusik, Zamani & Mirshamsi, 2014 | | Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047324

Raveniola mazandaranica Marusik, Zamani & Mirshamsi, 2014: 5, f. 12-18 (Dm) Original description

Raveniola mazandaranica Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 32, f. 79, 112, 140, 160, 189-190, 247 (m)

Raveniola micropa (Ausserer, 1871) | | Turkey urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001267

Brachythele micropa Ausserer, 1871a: 177 (Df) Original description

Raveniola micropa Zonstein, 1987: 1015 (T from Brachythele)

Raveniola micropa Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 29, f. 1-2, 11, 16-17, 23-24, 32, 36, 53-54, 78, 91-92, 111, 124-125, 139, 159, 187-188, 206-207, 244-246 (Dm, f)

Raveniola mikhailovi Zonstein, 2021 | | Kyrgyzstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:053346

Raveniola mikhailovi Zonstein, 2021: 209, f. 1-2, 5-6, 9-10, 13-15 (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola montana Zonstein & Marusik, 2012 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:045291

Raveniola montana Zonstein & Marusik, 2012: 77, f. 5, 9-10, 17-18, 26, 32, 40, 48 (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola montana Li & Zonstein, 2015: 15, f. 11A-G, 12A-C (m)

Raveniola montana Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 3, f. 217 (f)

Raveniola montana Lin, Yan & Li, 2022c: 7, f. 3C-7 (f)

Raveniola nana Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018 | | Turkey urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050016

Raveniola nana Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 23, f. 89, 122, 204 (Df) Original description

Raveniola niedermeyeri (Brignoli, 1972) | | Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001268

Brachythele niedermeyeri Brignoli, 1972d: 409, f. 1-2 (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola niedermeyeri Zonstein, 1987: 1015 (T from Brachythele)

Raveniola niedermeyeri Zonstein & Marusik, 2010: 52, f. 1-9 (Dmf)

Raveniola niedermeyeri Marusik, Zamani & Mirshamsi, 2014: 3, f. 21 (m)

Raveniola niedermeyeri Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 40, f. 57-58, 83, 95, 116, 128, 144, 164, 197, 211-212, 249-253 (mf)

Raveniola niedermeyeri Marusik & Zonstein, 2021: 100, f. 9 (f)

Raveniola pontica (Spassky, 1937) | | Russia (Caucasus), Georgia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001269

Brachythele pontica Spassky, 1937a: 363 (Df) Original description

Raveniola pontica Zonstein, 1987: 1015 (T from Brachythele)

Raveniola pontica Kovblyuk & Ponomarev, 2008: 151, f. 36-40 (Dm)

Raveniola pontica Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 15, f. 3-5, 10, 15, 19-20, 26, 48-49, 59-60, 71, 87, 105, 120, 132, 152, 178-179, 202 (mf)

Raveniola redikorzevi (Spassky, 1937) | | Turkmenistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001271

Brachythele redikorzevi Spassky, 1937a: 366, f. 3 (Dm) Original description

Raveniola redikorzevi Zonstein, 1987: 1015 (T from Brachythele)

Raveniola redikorzevi Zonstein, 2009a: 39, f. 2, 4, 7, 9 (m)

Raveniola rugosa Li & Zonstein, 2015 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048010

Raveniola rugosa Li & Zonstein, 2015: 17, f. 13A-G, 14A-C (Dm) Original description

Raveniola shangrila Zonstein & Marusik, 2012 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:045292

Raveniola shangrila Zonstein & Marusik, 2012: 81, f. 11, 19, 27, 33, 41 (Dm) Original description

Raveniola shixiu Lin, Wang & Li, 2024 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059734

Raveniola shixiu Lin, Wang & Li in Lin et al., 2024a: 30, f. 21A-B, 24A (Df) Original description

Raveniola sinani Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018 | | Turkey urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050017

Raveniola sinani Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 18, f. 88, 121, 203, 235 (Df) Original description

Raveniola songi Zonstein & Marusik, 2012 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:045293

Raveniola songi Zonstein & Marusik, 2012: 92, f. 12, 20, 28, 34, 42 (Dm) Original description

Raveniola spirula Li & Zonstein, 2015 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048011

Raveniola spirula Li & Zonstein, 2015: 21, f. 15A-G, 16A-C (Dm) Original description

Raveniola turcica Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018 | | Turkey urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050018

Raveniola turcica Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 27, f. 77, 90, 110, 123, 138, 158, 185-186, 205 (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola virgata (Simon, 1891) | | Central Asia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001273

Brachythele virgata Simon, 1891e: 304 (Dmf) Original description

Brachythele arnoldi Zonstein, 1984: 42, f. 1-6 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054307]

Brachythele virgata Zonstein, 1985: 159 (S of Brachythele arnoldi)

Raveniola virgata Zonstein, 1987: 1015, f. 1, 2.1-9 (mf, T from Brachythele)

Raveniola virgata Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 3, f. 40, 42, 165, 213 (mf)

Raveniola virgata Zonstein, 2021: 209, f. 3-4, 7-8, 11-12, 16-18 (mf)

Raveniola vonwicki Zonstein, 2000 | | Iran urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:036942

Raveniola vonwicki Zonstein, 2000: 49, f. 1-3 (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola vonwicki Marusik, Zamani & Mirshamsi, 2014: 3, f. 19-20 (m)

Raveniola vonwicki Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 38, f. 64, 67, 82, 94, 115, 127, 143, 163, 195-196, 210 (mf)

Raveniola vonwicki Marusik & Zonstein, 2021: 100, f. 10 (f)

Raveniola xiezhen Lin, Wang & Li, 2024 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059735

Raveniola xiezhen Lin, Wang & Li in Lin et al., 2024a: 32, f. 22A-C, 23A-B, 24B-D, 25A-D (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola xizangensis (Hu & Li, 1987) | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001274

Brachythele xizangensis Hu & Li, 1987a: 315, f. 1.1-7, 2.1-2 (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola xizangensis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 40, f. 17I-J (Tmf from Brachythele)

Brachythele xizangensis Hu, 2001: 65, f. 7-1.1-4 (mf)

Raveniola xizangensis Zonstein & Marusik, 2012: 94, f. 49-50 (mf)

Raveniola xizangensis Lin, Yan & Li, 2022c: 7, f. 3C-8 (f)

Raveniola yajiangensis Li & Zonstein, 2015 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048012

Raveniola yajiangensis Li & Zonstein, 2015: 24, f. 17A-G, 18A-B, 19A-D (Dmf) Original description

Raveniola yajiangensis Lin, Yan & Li, 2022c: 7, f. 3C-9 (f)

Raveniola yangren Lin & Li, 2022 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054310

Raveniola yangren Lin & Li in Lin, Yan & Li, 2022c: 3, f. 1A-B, 2A-F, 3A-B, 3C-10 (Df) Original description

Raveniola yunnanensis Zonstein & Marusik, 2012 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:045294

Raveniola yunnanensis Zonstein & Marusik, 2012: 93, f. 13, 21, 29, 35, 43 (Dm) Original description

Raveniola yunnanensis Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 3, f. 96, 147, 169 (m)

Raveniola zaitzevi (Charitonov, 1948) | | Georgia, Azerbaijan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001275

Brachythele zaitzevi Charitonov, 1948: 135 (Df) Original description

Brachythele recki Mcheidze, 1983: 155, f. 1 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001270]

Raveniola recki Zonstein, 1987: 1015 (T from Brachythele)

Raveniola zaitzevi Zonstein, 1987: 1015 (T from Brachythele)

Raveniola zaitzevi Zonstein, Kunt & Yağmur, 2018: 34, f. 12, 18, 27-28, 31, 34, 55-56, 61, 63, 66, 80, 93, 113, 126, 141, 161, 193-194, 208-209 (Dm, f, S of Raveniola recki)

Raveniola zaitzevi Marusik & Zonstein, 2021: 100, f. 8 (f)