World Spider Catalog

Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: according to Brignoli, 1983c: 432, "Guy (1966, 1969) has proposed many synonymies and has downgraded many genera to subgenus rank; as this author based his conclusions more on nomenclature than on the study of material (or even of the original descriptions)", Platnick (WSC 15.0) did not accept Guy's conclusions; the changes by Guy, 1966 are noted (except where more recent work has superseded them); Guy, 1969 is merely a literature compilation that reflects those changes and is not cited separately; several genera of Lycosidae have been found not to be monophyletic (Murphy et al., 2006). Piacentini & Ramírez, 2019: 233-237 confirm ten valid subfamilies of Lycosidae: Venoniinae Lehtinen & Hippa, 1979, Zoicinae Lehtinen & Hippa, 1979 (= Piratinae Zyuzin, 1993), Evippinae Zyuzin, 1985, Sosippinae Dondale, 1986 (= Hygrolycosinae He & Song, 1996), Artoriinae Framenau, 2007, Tricassinae Alderweireldt & Jocqué, 1993 (= Arctosinae He & Song, 1996), Hippasinae Simon, 1898, Allocosinae Dondale, 1986, Pardosinae Simon, 1898 (= Wadicosinae Zyuzin, 1985) and Lycosinae Sundevall, 1833; the family is not monophyletic per Kulkarni, Wood & Hormiga, 2023: 518, f. 17-18.

Gen. Wadicosa Zyuzin, 1985 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01676

type Lycosa fidelis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872; gender feminine

N.B.: the type was originally Lycosa venatrix Lucas, 1846, but it was misidentified by Zyuzin (see Wunderlich, 1987a: 236) and was fixed instead as W. fidelis by Kronestedt & Zyuzin, 2009: 814; see Kronestedt, 1987: 975, for comments on possible congeneric species, and Zehethofer, 1998 for discussion of a species from Borneo.

In synonymy:

Wadicosa armillata (Schenkel, 1936, T from Pardosa) = Wadicosa fidelis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) (Yu & Song, 1988c: 117, sub Pardosa venatrix, contra Hu & Li, 1987b: 291, who placed armillata as a junior S of P. birmanica instead)

Wadicosa bhatnagari (Sadana, 1971) = Wadicosa fidelis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) (Tikader & Malhotra, 1980: 329, sub Pardosa birmanica, see Kronestedt, 2017b: 295)

Wadicosa daliensis Yin, Peng & Zhang, 1997 = Wadicosa okinawensis (Tanaka, 1985) (Magar, Ballarin & Eguchi, 2025: 4)

Wadicosa darolii (Strand, 1906, T from Pardosa) = Wadicosa sordidecolorata (Strand, 1906) (Kronestedt, 2023: 542)

Wadicosa galerita (L. Koch, 1875, T from Pardosa) = Wadicosa fidelis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) (Wunderlich, 1992a: 467)

Wadicosa indistinctepicta (Strand, 1907, T from Pardosa) = Wadicosa fidelis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) (Yu & Song, 1988c: 117, sub Pardosa venatrix)

Wadicosa irrasa (Roewer, 1959) = Wadicosa oncka (Lawrence, 1927) (Kronestedt, 1987: 968, sub Pardosa)

Wadicosa kisokwea (Roewer, 1959) = Wadicosa oncka (Lawrence, 1927) (Kronestedt, 1987: 968, sub Pardosa)

Wadicosa kraepelini (Roewer, 1959, removed from S of W. venatrix) = Wadicosa fidelis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) (Wunderlich, 1992a: 467, contra Buchar, 1980: 88)

Wadicosa mandlaensis (Gajbe, 2004, T from Evippa) = Wadicosa fidelis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) (Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2021d: 169)

Wadicosa pararmillata (Schenkel, 1963, T from Pardosa) = Wadicosa fidelis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) (Yu & Song, 1988c: 117, sub Pardosa venatrix)

Wadicosa resoluta (Roewer, 1959) = Wadicosa oncka (Lawrence, 1927) (Kronestedt, 1987: 968, sub Pardosa)

Wadicosa spilota (Pocock, 1903, T from Pardosa) = Wadicosa fidelis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) (Alderweireldt & van Harten, 2004: 354)

Wadicosa versuta (Roewer, 1959) = Wadicosa oncka (Lawrence, 1927) (Kronestedt, 1987: 968, sub Pardosa)

Wadicosa wittei (Roewer, 1959) = Wadicosa oncka (Lawrence, 1927) (Kronestedt, 1987: 968, sub Pardosa)

Nomina dubia:

Wadicosa subvenatrix (Strand, 1908k: 354, f, Ethiopia, originally in Lycosa) -- Wunderlich, 1992a: 468

Wadicosa venatrix (Lucas, 1846: 116, pl. 3, f. 7, mf, North Africa, originally in Lycosa) -- Wunderlich, 1992a: 468

Wadicosa arabica Kronestedt, Feulner & Roobas, 2024 | | Oman, United Arab Emirates urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062536

Wadicosa arabica Kronestedt, Feulner & Roobas, 2024: 292, f. 1A-B, 2A-D, 3A-D, 4A-D, 5C-E (Dmf) Original description

Wadicosa benadira (Caporiacco, 1940) | | Somalia, Kenya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018550

Pardosa benadira Caporiacco, 1940c: 770, f. 1 (Dm) Original description

Pardosa benadira Roewer, 1959b: 60, f. 18 (m)

Wadicosa benadira Kronestedt, 2015: 3, f. 1A-C, 2A-D, 3A, D, 4A, D, 5C-D, 7A, 8A, D (m, Df, T from Pardosa)

Wadicosa bleyi (Dahl, 1908) | | Papua New Guinea (Bismarck Arch.) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018559

Lycosa bleyi Dahl, 1908: 233, f. 12-13 (Dmf) Original description

Pardosa bleyi Roewer, 1955c: 185

Wadicosa bleyi Omelko, 2024: 244 (T from Pardosa)

Wadicosa cognata Kronestedt, 2015 | | Kenya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047928

Wadicosa cognata Kronestedt, 2015: 6, f. 1E-F, 3B, E, 4B, E, 5A, 6A-B, 7B, 8B, E (Dmf) Original description

Wadicosa commoventa Zyuzin, 1985 | | Iran, Turkmenistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:019408

Wadicosa commoventa Zyuzin, 1985a: 49, f. 13-14, 17-19 (Dmf) Original description

Wadicosa commoventa Zamani et al., 2017c: 63, f. 4D (m)

Wadicosa enucleata (Roewer, 1959) | | Ivory Coast, Togo, Nigeria, Central Africa, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018633

Pardosa manubriata Lessert, 1936: 282, f. 77-78 (m; misidentified per Kronestedt, 2023: 532)

Pardosa enucleata Roewer, 1959b: 123, f. 62a-b (Df) Original description

Pardosa enucleata Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2021l: 21, 1 f. (f)

Wadicosa enucleata Kronestedt, 2023: 532, f. 1F, 2A-C, 3A, D, 4A, D, G, 5A, 6A-B, 7A, D, G (mf, T from Pardosa)

Wadicosa fidelis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) | | Macaronesia, North Africa, Southern Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Middle East, Central Asia, Pakistan to China, Japan, Philippines, Indonesia (Sumatra) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:019410 TYPE SPECIES

Lycosa fidelis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 319 (Dm) Original description

Lycosa galerita L. Koch, 1875b: 69, pl. 7, f. 1 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058268]

Lycosa galerita Simon, 1876a: 269 (Df)

Lycosa ipnochoera Thorell, 1890c: 138 (Df)

Lycosa birmanica Thorell, 1895b: 242 (Dm) [see Buchar, 1980: 88]

Pardosa spilota Pocock, 1903g: 193 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018936]

Lycosa indistincte-picta Strand, 1907b: 567 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058269]

Lycosa subbirmanica Strand, 1909f: 84 (provisional name)

Lycosa indistincte-picta Strand, 1909f: 81, f. 44 (f)

Lycosa birmanica Gravely, 1924: 607, f. 4J (mf) [see Buchar, 1980: 88]

Lycosa birmanica Dyal, 1935: 136, pl. 13, f. 36-37 (mf) [see Buchar, 1980: 88]

Pardosa armillata Schenkel, 1936b: 218, f. 70 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058266]

Pardosa venatrix Simon, 1937: 1059, 1080, 1128, f. 1637, 1678 (mf, dubious identification, as are later uses)

Lycosa biarmillatana Strand, 1942: 398 (replacement name for P. armillata, preoccupied in Lycosa by Walckenaer, 1837)

Pardosa venatrix Denis, 1947a: 37, pl. 1, f. 11-13 (mf)

Pardosa biarmillata Roewer, 1955c: 160 (lapsus)

Pardosa fidelis Roewer, 1959b: 45, f. 9a-c (m, Df)

Pardosa kraepelini Roewer, 1959b: 51, f. 13a-d (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058272]

Pardosa venatrix Roewer, 1959b: 55, f. 16a-b (mf)

Pardosa galerita Roewer, 1959b: 64, f. 21a-c (mf, removed from S of P. venatrix)

Pardosa spilota Roewer, 1959b: 147, f. 80a-d (mf)

Pardosa pararmillata Schenkel, 1963: 376, f. 218a-c (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058273]

Pardosa bhatnagari Sadana, 1971a: 226, f. 1-4 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058267]

Pardosa birmanica Buchar, 1976: 206, f. 4H (f) [N.B.: assigned to Wadicosa fidelis (sub Pardosa venatrix) by Buchar, 1980: 88, as well as all records of P. birmanica, with exception of the original description; this is probably also true for the records of P. birmanica since 1980]

Pardosa armillata Zyuzin, 1979a: 434, f. 27 (f)

Pardosa birmanica Tikader & Malhotra, 1980: 329, f. 163-167 (mf, S of Lycosa ipnochoera and Pardosa bhatnagari) [misidentified per Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]

Pardosa venatrix Buchar, 1980: 88, f. 28-29 (m, S of Lycosa ipnochoera, Pardosa armillata, P. kraepelini and P. birmanica auct. partly not accepted by later authors) [per Wunderlich, 1992a: 467 close to but not identical with W. fidelis]

Pardosa birmanica Tikader & Biswas, 1981: 52, f. 82-83 (f) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]

Pardosa armillata Hu, 1984: 233, f. 240.1-4 (mf)

Wadicosa venatrix Zyuzin, 1985a: 49 (T from Pardosa)

Pardosa birmanica Hu & Li, 1987b: 291 (S of Pardosa armillata, rejected by Yu & Song, 1988c: 117) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]

Pardosa venatrix Yu & Song, 1988c: 117 (S of Pardosa okinawensis, rejected by Tanaka, 2000a: 96, S of Pardosa armillata, P. indistinctepicta and P. pararmillata)

Pardosa armillata Chen & Gao, 1990: 126, f. 155a-b (mf)

Pardosa venatrix Chen & Zhang, 1991: 201, f. 201, 202.1-4 (mf)

Wadicosa fidelis Wunderlich, 1992a: 467, f. 727-728 (mf, T from Pardosa, S of Pardosa galertia and P. kraepelini)

Pardosa birmanica Okuma et al., 1993: 49, f. 44 (f) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]

Pardosa birmanica Barrion & Litsinger, 1994: 311, f. 1617-1619 (mf) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]

Pardosa birmanica Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 386, f. 229a-i, 230a-j (mf) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]

Pardosa venatrix Pan, 1995: 144, f. 1-3 (mf)

Pardosa venatrix Song, Chen & Zhu, 1997: 1723, f. 28a-c (mf)

Pardosa venatrix Yin et al., 1997c: 286, f. 135a-h (mf)

Wadicosa fidelis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 346, f. 202C, G (mf)

Wadicosa venatrix Tanaka, 2000a: 96, f. 2 (m)

Pardosa venatrix Hu, 2001: 206, f. 106.1-4 (mf)

Pardosa birmanica Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2003a: 109, f. 7-13 (mf) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]

Wadicosa fidelis Marusik, Guseinov & Koponen, 2003b: 63, f. 52-56 (mf)

Wadicosa fidelis Alderweireldt & van Harten, 2004: 354 (S of Pardosa spilota)

Wadicosa fidelis Tso & Chen, 2004: 407, f. 37-38 (f)

Evippa mandlaensis Gajbe, 2004c: 8, f. 6-9 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040075]

Pardosa birmanica Gajbe, 2007: 499, f. 235-239 (mf) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]

Wadicosa fidelis Hepner & Paulus, 2009: 343, f. 20-22 (mf)

Wadicosa fidelis Kronestedt & Zyuzin, 2009: 818, f. 1-20 (mf)

Wadicosa fidelis Yin et al., 2012: 863, f. 432a-h (mf)

Wadicosa fidelis Siyam, Dunlop & El-Hennawy, 2015: 269, f. 22-24 (m)

Wadicosa fidelis Kronestedt, 2015: 6, f. 3F, 5B, 6C-D (mf)

Pardosa birmanica Sen et al., 2015: 50, f. 224-228, pl. 15 (f) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]

Wadicosa fidelis Lu et al., 2016: 137, f. 9A-H, 10A-D, 11A-D, 12E-F) (mf)

Pardosa birmanica Dhali, Saha & Raychaudhuri, 2017: 74, f. 353-357, pl. 25 (f) [N.B.: assigned here, following Kronestedt, 2017b: 295]

Wadicosa fidelis Buchar & Dolejš, 2021: 950, f. 18A-E (mf)

Wadicosa fidelis Wang et al., 2021a: 66, f. 66A-H, 67A-D, 68A-D (mf)

Wadicosa fidelis Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2021d: 169, f. 10A-C (f, S of Evippa mandlaensis)

Wadicosa fidelis Al-Yacoub & Najim, 2023: 386, f. 6 (m)

Wadicosa fidelis Seropian et al., 2023: 264, f. 68-69 (mf)

Wadicosa fidelis Abdel-Ghani, Hassan & Sallam, 2023: 34, f. 15 (m)

Wadicosa fidelis Kronestedt, Feulner & Roobas, 2024: 292, f. 2E-H, 5F (mf)

Wadicosa fidelis Quevedo-Ortiz & Pinilla Rosa, 2024b: 175, f. 1b.1-3 (m)

Wadicosa fidelis Lecigne, Moutaouakil & Lips, 2025: 139, f. 83K-L (m)

Wadicosa ghatica Kronestedt, 2017 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049510

Wadicosa ghatica Kronestedt, 2017b: 296, f. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15-16 (Dmf) Original description

Wadicosa ghatica Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2021a: 499, f. 9C, 10C (f)

Wadicosa intermediata Abhijith & Sudhikumar, 2024 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:063462

Wadicosa intermediata Abhijith & Sudhikumar, 2024: 174, f. 1A-E, 2A-D, 3A-B, 4A-B (Dmf) Original description

Wadicosa jocquei Kronestedt, 2015 | | Seychelles, Comoros, Mayotte, Madagascar, Mauritius urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047929

Wadicosa jocquei Kronestedt, 2015: 8, f. 1G-H, 2E-F, 3C, G, 4C, F, 5E, 7C, 8C, F (Dmf) Original description

Wadicosa mabweana (Roewer, 1959) | | Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, DR Congo, Angola, Namibia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018756

Pardosa mabweana Roewer, 1959b: 112, f. 54a-b (Df) Original description

Wadicosa mabweana Kronestedt, 2023: 537, f. 1K, 2D-F, 3B, E, 4B, E, H, 5B-C, 6C-D, 7B, E, H (Dm, f, T from Pardosa)

Wadicosa manubriata (Simon, 1898) | | DR Congo, Angola, Zambia, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018764

Pardosa manubriata Simon, 1898a: 358, f. 356 (m)

Pardosa manubriata Simon, 1898f: 31 (Dm) Original description

Pardosa manubriata Lawrence, 1928: 256, pl. 22, f. 36 (m, Df)

Pardosa manubriata Roewer, 1959b: 125, f. 63a-d (mf)

Pardosa manubriata Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2021l: 25, 5 f. (mf)

Wadicosa manubriata Kronestedt, 2023: 540, f. 1A-C, G-I, 2G-I, 3C, F, 4C, F, I, 5D, 6E-F, 7C, F, I (mf, T from Pardosa)

Wadicosa okinawensis (Tanaka, 1985) | | Japan (Ryukyu Is.), China, Laos urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040932

Pardosa okinawensis Tanaka, 1985: 78, f. 41-44 (Dmf) Original description

Pardosa venatrix Yu & Song, 1988c: 117 (S, rejected)

Pardosa okinawensis Chikuni, 1989b: 116, f. 35 (mf)

Wadicosa daliensis Yin, Peng & Zhang, 1997: 99, f. 1-6 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:019409]

Wadicosa daliensis Yin et al., 1997c: 285, f. 134a-e (mf)

Wadicosa daliensis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 346, f. 202B, F (mf)

Wadicosa okinawensis Tanaka, 2000a: 96, f. 1 (m, removed from S)

Wadicosa okinawensis Tanaka, 2009: 229, f. 44-45 (mf)

Wadicosa okinawensis Wang et al., 2021a: 68, f. 2D-F, 69A-H, 70A-E, 71A-D (mf)

Wadicosa daliensis Omelko, 2024: 244, f. 32-51 (mf)

Wadicosa okinawensis Magar, Ballarin & Eguchi, 2025: 4, f. 1A-G, 2A-E, 3A-C, 4A-I, 5A-I, 6A-B (mf, S of Wadicosa daliensis)

Wadicosa oncka (Lawrence, 1927) | | Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018825

Pardosa oncka Lawrence, 1927: 51, pl. 2, f. 39 (Df) Original description

Pardosa oncka Lessert, 1933: 137, f. 56-58 (f, Dm)

Pardosa resoluta Roewer, 1959b: 74, f. 29a-b (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058274]

Pardosa kisokwea Roewer, 1959b: 108, f. 52a-b (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058271]

Pardosa wittei Roewer, 1959b: 117, f. 58a-b (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058276]

Pardosa irrasa Roewer, 1959b: 119, f. 59a-d (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058270]

Pardosa oncka Roewer, 1959b: 121, f. 60a-c (mf)

Pardosa versuta Roewer, 1959b: 142, f. 76a-b (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058275]

Pardosa oncka Kronestedt, 1987: 968, f. 1-6 (mf, S of Pardosa irrasa, P. kisokwea, P. resoluta, P. versuta and P. wittei)

Pardosa oncka Siyam, Dunlop & El-Hennawy, 2015: 269, f. 19-21 (m)

Wadicosa oncka Kronestedt, 2015: 14 (T from Pardosa)

Wadicosa oncka Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2021l: 76, p. 75: 1 f., p. 76: 5 f. (mf)

Wadicosa paulyi Kronestedt, 2017 | | Madagascar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049400

Wadicosa paulyi Kronestedt, 2017a: 594, f. 1-10 (Dmf) Original description

Wadicosa prasantae Ahmed, Anam, Saikia, Manthen & Saikia, 2014 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047493

Wadicosa prasantae Ahmed et al., 2014b: 61, f. 2-12 (Df) Original description

Wadicosa quadrifer (Gravely, 1924) | | India, Sri Lanka urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:019411

Lycosa quadrifer Gravely, 1924: 608, f. 4K (Dmf; for the ending of the specific epithet see ICZN Article 31.2.2) Original description

Pardosa quadrifer Roewer, 1955c: 184

Lycosa quadrifer Tikader & Malhotra, 1980: 422, f. 324-326 (mf, T from Pardosa)

Wadicosa quadrifer Kronestedt, 1993a: 314, f. 1-6 (mf, T from Lycosa, after Kronestedt, 1987: 975)

Wadicosa quadrifera Kronestedt, 2017b: 296, f. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 17-18 (mf)

Wadicosa quadrifera Caleb, 2020b: 15727, f. 12A-G, 26N-O (f)

Wadicosa russellsmithi Kronestedt, 2015 | | Mauritius urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047930

Wadicosa russellsmithi Kronestedt, 2015: 15, f. 1D, 3H, 7D (Df) Original description

Wadicosa sordidecolorata (Strand, 1906) | | Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Uganda urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018933

Lycosa darolii Strand, 1906b: 678 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:018611]

Lycosa sordide-colorata Strand, 1906b: 677 (Df) Original description

Lycosa darolii Strand, 1908k: 354, pl. 8, f. 9 (f)

Lycosa sordidecolorata Strand, 1908k: 349, pl. 8, f. 16 (f, Dm)

Pardosa sordidecolorata Roewer, 1955c: 181

Pardosa darolii Roewer, 1959b: 63, f. 29 (f)

Pardosa sordidecolorata Roewer, 1959b: 75, f. 30a-d (mf)

Wadicosa sordidecolorata Kronestedt, 2023: 542, f. 5E, 8A-C, 9A-I (mf, T from Pardosa, S of Pardosa darolii)