World Spider Catalog

Linyphiidae Blackwall, 1859

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: for comments on relationships, see Michalik & Hormiga, 2010: 7; re-synonymization of Pimoidae (Murphy & Roberts, 2015: ix) not sufficiently justified and is not accepted here; Sinopimoidae Li & Wunderlich, 2008 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0112] synonymyized with Linyphiidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 245; resurrection of Sinopimoidae by Wunderlich, 2020b: 20 is not accepted here, because Dimitrov et al., 2017 was not taken into account; re-elevation of Sinopimoidae to family level by Eskov & Marusik, 2023: 343 not accepted here (by majority vote of the WSC boards); the current status of Sinopimoidae is also maintained for reasons of stability and we wait for a probable confirmation or rejection of this resurrection; Tian et al., 2022 show five subfamilies: Linyphiinae (incl. Mynogleninae Lehtinen, 1967: 250 and Dubiaraneinae Millidge, 1993c: 145), Erigoninae Emerton, 1882: 7, Micronetinae Hull, 1920a: 8, Ipainae Saaristo, 2007b: 34 and Stemonyphantinae Wunderlich, 1986: 120; da Silva-Moreira, Kulkarni & Hormiga, 2025: 60-62 list resp. newly circumscribe six subfamilies: Erigoninae, Lepthyphantinae Simon, 1929: 562, Linyphiinae (syn. nov.: Dubiaraneinae), Mynogleninae, Pocobletinae Silva-Moreira & Hormiga, 2025: 61 (new subfamily) and Stemonyphantinae, state Ipainae and Micronetinae to be polyphyletic, leave several linyphiid clades unranked and also several genera as incertae sedis.

Gen. Peponocranium Simon, 1884 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01191

type Walckenaeria ludicra O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1861; gender neuter

In synonymy:

Peponocranium miser (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882, T from Walckenaeria) = Peponocranium ludicrum (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1861) (Smith, 1906: 312)

Peponocranium penultimum (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882) = Peponocranium ludicrum (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1861) (Smith, 1906: 312)

Peponocranium ambrosii Milano & Isaia, 2025 | | Alps (Switzerland, Austria, Italy) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065443

Peponocranium cf. orbiculatum Hänggi, 1989: 170, f. 2a-b (mf; misidentified per Milano, Pantini & Isaia, 2025: 20)

Peponocranium ambrosii Milano & Isaia in Milano, Pantini & Isaia, 2025: 20, f. 1a-e, 2a-b, 3a-c, 4a-b (Dmf) Original description

Peponocranium dubium Wunderlich, 1995 | | Mongolia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012321

Peponocranium dubium Wunderlich, 1995e: 499, f. 85-89 (Dm) Original description

Peponocranium fallax Gnelitsa, 2024 | | Ukraine urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:061224

Peponocranium fallax Gnelitsa, 2024: 191, f. 11-13, 16-17 (Df) Original description

Peponocranium ludicrum (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1861) | | Europe, Russia (Europe to West Siberia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012322 TYPE SPECIES

Walckenaera ludicra O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1861a: 438 (Dmf) Original description

Walckenaera ludicra Blackwall, 1864a: 316, pl. 22, f. 231 (mf)

Lophocarenum ludicrum Bertkau, 1880b: 304

Walckenaera penultima O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882a: 7, pl. 1, f. 4 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012326]

Walckenaera miser O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882a: 9, pl. 1, f. 7 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:061222]

Peponocranium ludicrum Simon, 1884a: 687, f. 545-547 (mf)

Peponocranium penultimum Simon, 1884a: 689

Peponocranium ludicrum Simon, 1894a: 655, f. 677 (m)

Peponocranium ludicrum Smith, 1901a: 334, f. 1v, p. 359: f. 1a (m)

Peponocranium ludicrum Bösenberg, 1902: 215, pl. 19, f. 303 (mf)

Peponocranium ludicrum Smith, 1906: 312 (S of Peponocranium orbiculatum, P. penultimum and Walckenaeria miser; P. orbiculatum revalidated by Wiehle, 1960a: 303)

Peponocranium ludicrum Simon, 1926: 332, 478, f. 553 (f, S of Peponocranium orbiculatum confirmed, S of P. penultimum and Walckenaeria miser doubted, both confirmed by Bristowe, 1941: 521, 524; P. orbiculatum revalidated by Wiehle, 1960a: 303)

Peponocranium ludicrum Fage & Simon, 1936: 321, f. 13f (f)

Peponocranium ludicrum Bristowe, 1941: 521, 524 (S of Peponocranium penultimum and Walckenaeria miser confirmed)

Diastanillus penultimus Roewer, 1942a: 699

Peponocranium ludicrum Roewer, 1942a: 674 (S of Walckenaeria miser accepted)

Peponocranium ludicrum Locket & Millidge, 1953: 234, f. 142A-D (mf)

Peponocranium ludicrum Tullgren, 1955: 345, f. 48 (f)

Peponocranium ludicrum Wiehle, 1960a: 308, f. 562-571 (mf)

Peponocranium ludicrum Merrett, 1963b: 444, f. 126 (m)

Peponocranium ludicrum Palmgren, 1976: 92, f. 9.6-10 (mf)

Peponocranium ludicrum Millidge, 1977: 19, f. 62 (m)

Peponocranium ludicrum Roberts, 1987: 54, f. 20c, 21a (mf)

Peponocranium ludicrum Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 232, f. 623 (mf)

Peponocranium ludicrum Esyunin, Efimik & Polyanin, 1995: 64, f. 12-13 (f)

Peponocranium orbiculatum (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882) | | Belgium, Central to Eastern Europe, Georgia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012323

Walckenaera orbiculata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882b: 260, pl. 13, f. 2 (Dm) Original description

Peponocranium orbiculatum Simon, 1884a: 689

Peponocranium orbiculatum Dahl, 1886: 101 (Df)

Peponocranium orbiculatum Bösenberg, 1902: 214, pl. 19, f. 302 (mf)

Peponocranium ludicrum Miller, 1943: 23, pl. 3, f. 6 (m; misidentified sensu Wiehle, 1960a: 303)

Peponocranium ludicrum Miller, 1947: 62, pl. 4, f. 7-8 (mf; misidentified per Wiehle, 1960a: 303)

Peponocranium orbiculatum Wiehle, 1960a: 303, f. 553-561 (mf, removed from S of Peponocranium ludicrum, rejecting Smith, 1906: 312 and Simon, 1926: 479)

Peponocranium orbiculatum Miller, 1971: 258, pl. 52, f. 16-18 (mf)

Peponocranium orbiculatum Tanasevitch, 1990: 103, f. 21.22, 23.5, 24.8 (mf)

Peponocranium orbiculatum Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 232, f. 624 (mf)

Peponocranium orbiculatum Esyunin, Efimik & Polyanin, 1995: 64, f. 14-15 (f)

Peponocranium orbiculatum Milano, Pantini & Isaia, 2025: 20, f. 2c-d, 3d-f, 4c-d (mf)

Peponocranium praeceps Miller, 1943 | | France, Germany to Russia (Europe), Finland urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012324

Peponocranium praeceps Miller, 1943: 23, pl. III, f. 1-5 (Dm) Original description

Peponocranium praeceps Miller, 1947: 62, pl. IV, f. 9-13, pl. XV, f. 12-16 (m, Df)

Peponocranium praeceps Miller, 1971: 258, pl. LII, f. 19-21 (mf)

Peponocranium praeceps Palmgren, 1976: 92, f. 9.11-13 (mf)

Peponocranium praeceps Schikora, 2015: 215, f. 10.302-305 (mf)

Peponocranium praeceps Jacquet & Oger, 2021: 12, f. 1A-D, 2A-F (mf)

Peponocranium praeceps Gnelitsa, 2024: 194, f. 14-15, 19 (f)

Peponocranium simile Tullgren, 1955 | | Sweden urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012325

Peponocranium simile Tullgren, 1955: 346, f. 49a-b (Df) Original description