Linyphiidae Blackwall, 1859

Family |   ACCEPTED
N.B.: for comments on relationships, see Michalik & Hormiga, 2010: 7; re-synonymization of Pimoidae (Murphy & Roberts, 2015: ix) not sufficiently justified and is not accepted here; Sinopimoidae Li & Wunderlich, 2008 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0112] synonymyized with Linyphiidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 245; resurrection of Sinopimoidae by Wunderlich, 2020b: 20 is not accepted here, because Dimitrov et al., 2017 was not taken into account; re-elevation of Sinopimoidae to family level by Eskov & Marusik, 2023: 343 not accepted here (by majority vote of the WSC boards); the current status of Sinopimoidae is also maintained for reasons of stability and we wait for a probable confirmation or rejection of this resurrection; Tian et al., 2022 show five subfamilies: Linyphiinae (incl. Mynogleninae  Lehtinen, 1967: 250 and Dubiaraneinae Millidge, 1993c: 145), Erigoninae Emerton, 1882: 7, Micronetinae Hull, 1920a: 8, Ipainae Saaristo, 2007b: 34 and Stemonyphantinae Wunderlich, 1986: 120; da Silva-Moreira, Kulkarni & Hormiga, 2025: 60-62 list resp. newly circumscribe six subfamilies: Erigoninae, Lepthyphantinae Simon, 1929: 562, Linyphiinae (syn. nov.: Dubiaraneinae), Mynogleninae, Pocobletinae Silva-Moreira & Hormiga, 2025: 61 (new subfamily) and Stemonyphantinae, state Ipainae and Micronetinae to be polyphyletic, leave several linyphiid clades unranked and also several genera as incertae sedis.
Gen. Oreoneta Kulczyński, 1894 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03676
type Tmeticus niger F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1891; gender feminine; syn. of Oreoneta frigida (Thorell, 1872)
N.B.: removed from the synonymy of Hilaira Simon, 1884 by Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 208, not accepted by Breitling, 2021: 21.

In synonymy:

Oreoneta arctica (Holm, 1960) = Oreoneta urusta (Keyserling, 1886) (Slowik & Marusik, 2025: 299)

Oreoneta cryophila (Koelbel, 1886, T from Erigone) = Oreoneta frigida (Thorell, 1872) (Roewer, 1942a: 657, sub Hilaira)

Oreoneta faeroica (Schenkel, 1925) = Oreoneta frigida (Thorell, 1872) (Brændegaard, 1928: 9, sub Hilaira)

Oreoneta fusca (Marx, 1890, T from Hilaira) = Oreoneta brunnea (Emerton, 1882) (Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 214)

Oreoneta modesta (Thorell, 1872, T from Erigone) = Oreoneta frigida (Thorell, 1872) (Holm, 1958a: 528, sub Hilaira)

Oreoneta nigra (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1891) = Oreoneta frigida (Thorell, 1872) (Sørensen, 1898: 197, sub Tmeticus)

Oreoneta pacifica (Thorell, 1875, T from Erigone) = Oreoneta montigena (L. Koch, 1872) (Simon, 1884a: 369, sub Porrhomma)

Oreoneta rudis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879) = Oreoneta frigida (Thorell, 1872) (Sørensen, 1898: 197, sub Tmeticus)

Oreoneta alpina (Eskov, 1987) | | Russia (north-eastern Siberia, Far North East) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010801
Hilaira alpina Eskov, 1987a: 1020, f. 1.1-4 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta alpina Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 221, f. 71-75, 87, 98-99 (mf, T from Hilaira)
Oreoneta banffkluane Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039940
Oreoneta banffkluane Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 214, f. 23-25, 34-35, 43-44, 55-56 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta beringiana Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Russia (Middle Siberia to Far North East, Kurile Is.), Alaska, Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039941
Oreoneta beringiana Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 229, f. 124-126, 138, 140-141, 166a-b, 186-187 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta brunnea (Emerton, 1882) | | Alaska, Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010808
Tmeticus brunneus Emerton, 1882: 58, pl. 17, f. 7 (Dm) Original description
Erigone fusca Marx, 1890a: 534 (replacement name for Tmeticus brunneus, preoccupied in Erigone by Emerton, 1882, see Ceratinella brunnea) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065007]
Tmeticus brunneus Emerton, 1909: 194, pl. 4, f. 7 (m, Df)
Oedothorax brunneus Crosby & Bishop, 1928b: 1050
Hilaira frigida brunnea Eskov, 1981b: 1487 (removed from S of Hilaira leviceps, rejecting Emerton, 1921: 165, placed as subspecies)
Hilaira frigida brunnea Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 110, f. 1117-1119 (mf)
Oreoneta brunnea Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 214, f. 19-22, 36-37, 45, 61 (mf, T from Hilaira, elevated to species, S of Erigone fusca [removed from S of Hilaira leviceps, rejecting Roewer, 1942a: 657])
Oreoneta eskimopoint Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Canada, USA, Greenland urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039942
Oreoneta eskimopoint Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 243, f. 212-216, 237-238, 246 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta eskimopoint Lissner et al., 2018: 1, f. 1A,C, 2 (m)
Oreoneta eskovi Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Russia (Middle and South Siberia), Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039943
Oreoneta eskovi Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 234, f. 136-137, 167 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta eskovi Tanasevitch, 2013c: 289, f. 104-105 (m)
Oreoneta fennica Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Finland urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039944
Oreoneta fennica Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 214, f. 46 (Df) Original description
Oreoneta fortyukon Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Alaska, Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039945
Oreoneta fortyukon Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 215, f. 16-18, 38-40, 47 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta frigida (Thorell, 1872) | | Greenland, Iceland, Ireland, Britain, Norway, Sweden, Poland urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010807 TYPE SPECIES
Erigone frigida Thorell, 1872b: 152 (Df) Original description
Erigone modesta Thorell, 1872b: 154 (Dj) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065008]
Neriene rudis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879e: 197 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065010]
Tmeticus frigidus Simon, 1884a: 420
Erigone cryophila Koelbel, 1886: 56, pl. 4, f. 14 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065013]
Tmeticus niger F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1891: 80, pl. 2, f. 4 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065009]
Porrhomma nigrum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892c: 92
Oreoneta nigra Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1894: 78, pl. 3, f. 17 (mf; misidentified per Schenkel, 1931: 965; may belong to Oreoneta tatrica)
Hilaira frigida Lenz, 1897: 74, f. 5 (Dm, not f)
Tmeticus frigidus Sørensen, 1898: 197 (S of Neriene rudis and Tmeticus niger)
Tmeticus montigena Smith, 1901b: 139, p. 76: f. w (m, f. as Tmeticus niger; misidentified sensu Hull, 1911b: 47)
Hilaira frigida Hull, 1911b: 47, pl. 2, f. 3, 11 (mf)
Hilaira frigida Fedotov, 1912b: 457, pl. 8, f. 6 (f; misidentified per Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 221, may belong to Oreoneta sinuosa)
Hilaira faeroica Schenkel, 1925c: 398, f. 1 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065012]
Hilaira frigida Brændegaard, 1928: 9 (removed from S of Hilaira montigena, rejecting Simon, 1926: 530; S of Hilaira faeroica)
Oreoneta frigida Hull, 1933: 109
Hilaira frigida Roewer, 1942a: 657 (S of Erigone cryophila)
Hilaira frigida Brændegaard, 1946: 40, f. 24-25 (mf)
Hilaira frigida Locket & Millidge, 1953: 323, f. 195C, H, 196H (mf)
Hilaira frigida Brændegaard, 1958: 73, f. 70-71 (mf)
Hilaira frigida Holm, 1958a: 528 (S of Erigone modesta)
Hilaira frigida Merrett, 1963b: 388, f. 48A-B (m)
Hilaira frigida Pakhorukov & Utochkin, 1977b: 908, f. 5 (f)
Hilaira frigida Roberts, 1987: 107, f. 51b, 52c (mf)
Hilaira frigida Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 170, f. 460 (mf)
Hilaira frigida Agnarsson, 1996: 125, f. 134A-C (mf)
Oreoneta frigida Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 221, f. 63-64, 76-77, 88-89, 92-95 (mf, T from Hilaira, S of H. nigra and H. rudis confirmed [removed from S of H. montigena, rejecting Simon, 1926: 530, confirming Sørensen, 1898: 197])
Oreoneta frigida Marusik, 2015: 689, f. 12F-I (mf)
Oreoneta frigida Lissner et al., 2018: 2, f. 1B,D (m)
Oreoneta garrina (Chamberlin, 1949) | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010829
Hilaira garrina Chamberlin, 1949: 532, f. 63-68 (Dmf) Original description
Hilaira tatrica garrina Holm, 1960b: 119, f. 26-27 (mf, reduced to subspecies)
Hilaira tatrica garrina Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 111, f. 1123-1125 (mf)
Oreoneta garrina Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 243, f. 217-218, 232-235, 239-240, 244-245 (mf, T from Hilaira, elevated to species)
Oreoneta herschel Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039946
Oreoneta herschel Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 225, f. 90-91, 96-97 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta intercepta (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873) | | Russia (Middle and South Siberia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010809
Erigone intercepta O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873f: 443, pl. 41, f. 3 (Dm) Original description
Porrhomma intercepta Simon, 1884a: 372
Phaulothrix intercepta Roewer, 1942a: 537
Hilaira frigida intercepta Eskov, 1981b: 1487 (T from Leptothrix, reduced to subspecies, S of Hilaira arctica, revalidated by Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 211, see Oreoneta arctica)
Oreoneta intercepta Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 229, f. 106-108, 113-115, 117-119 (m, Df, T from Hilaira, elevated to species)
Oreoneta kurile Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Russia (Kurile Is.) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039947
Oreoneta kurile Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 243, f. 209-211, 236 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta tatrica Ono, Matsuda & Saito, 2009: 306, f. 673 (f; misidentified sensu Ono & Ogata, 2018: 627)
Oreoneta kurile Ono & Ogata, 2018: 627 (accepted as valid)
Oreoneta leviceps (L. Koch, 1879) | | Russia (Europe to Far North East), Alaska, Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010816
Erigone leviceps L. Koch, 1879c: 63, pl. 2, f. 15 (Dmf) Original description
Gongylidium laeviceps Simon, 1884a: 500 (unjustified emendation)
Hilaira leviceps Kulczyński, 1908b: 30, pl. 2, f. 43-44, 46-47, 59 (mf)
Hilaira laeviceps Emerton, 1921: 165 (S of Tmeticus brunneus, revalidated by Eskov, 1981b: 1487, see Oreoneta brunnea)
Hilaira leviceps Dahl, 1928: 21, f. 29-32 (m)
Hilaira leviceps Jackson, 1933: 152, pl. 2, f. 7-8 (f)
Hilaira leviceps Roewer, 1942a: 657 (S of Erigone fusca, rejected by Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 214, see Oreoneta brunnea)
Hilaira leviceps Holm, 1960b: 118, f. 31 (f)
Oreoneta leviceps Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 226, f. 68-70, 78-79, 86, 123 (mf, T from Hilaira)
Oreoneta logunovi Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Russia (South Siberia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039948
Oreoneta logunovi Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 215, f. 29-31, 48-49, 58-59 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta magaputo Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Russia (Middle Siberia to Kamchatka), Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039949
Oreoneta magaputo Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 234, f. 130-132, 142-144, 168, 191-194 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta mineevi Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Russia (Far North East) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039950
Oreoneta mineevi Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 237, f. 175 (Df) Original description
Oreoneta mongolica (Wunderlich, 1995) | | Mongolia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010819
Hilaira mongolica Wunderlich, 1995e: 498, f. 77-83 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta mongolica Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 237, f. 153-159, 172-173, 183-185, 199-201 (Tmf from Hilaira)
Oreoneta montigena (L. Koch, 1872) | | Alps (Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Italy, Slovenia), Slovakia, Bulgaria urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010820
Erigone montigena L. Koch, 1872b: 269 (Dmf) Original description
Erigone pacifica Thorell, 1875a: 89 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:065011]
Erigone pacifica Thorell, 1875c: 42 (m)
Porrhomma montigena Simon, 1884a: 369, f. 144 (m, T from Erigone, S of Erigone pacifica)
Hilaira montigena Lessert, 1910b: 119
Hilaira montigena Hull, 1911b: 47, pl. 2, f. 2, 12 (mf)
Hilaira montigena Kulczyński, 1915: 927, pl. 66, f. 43, 45, 47, 49, 60 (mf)
Hilaira montigena Schenkel, 1923: 95, pl. 7, f. 8 (f)
Hilaira montigena Simon, 1926: 472, 530 (S of Hilaira frigida [revalidated by Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 221], H. nubigena [revalidated by Hull, 1933: 109], Neriene rudis [rejected by Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 221, see Oreoneta frigida] and Oreoneta nigra [rejected by Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 221, see Oreoneta frigida])
Hilaira montigena Schenkel, 1927b: 248, f. 12a-b (m)
Oreoneta montigena Hull, 1933: 109
Hilaira montigena Sytshevskaja, 1935: 91, f. 5 (f; misidentified per Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 229, may belong to Oreoneta magaputo)
Hilaira montigena Wiehle, 1963c: 246, f. 39-42 (mf)
Hilaira montigena Miller, 1971: 236, pl. XLVI, f. 25 (m)
Hilaira montigena Millidge, 1977: 8, f. 17, 188 (m)
Hilaira frigida montigena Eskov, 1981b: 1487 (reduced to subspecies)
Hilaira montigena Thaler, 1983a: 140, f. 37-38 (f, elevated from subspecies of Hilaira frigida)
Hilaira montigena Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 168, f. 456 (mf)
Oreoneta montigena Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 229, f. 109-112, 116, 120-122 (mf, T from Hilaira)
Oreoneta punctata (Tullgren, 1955) | | Sweden, Finland, Russia (Europe) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039404
Hilaira punctata Tullgren, 1955: 387, f. 88a-c (Df) Original description
Hilaira tatrica Gustafsson & Holm, 1980: 133, f. 5 (f, misidentified)
Hilaira tatrica Eskov, 1987a: 1029 (S, rejected)
Oreoneta punctata Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 237, f. 3A-B, 150-152, 170-171, 179-182, 195, 202-204 (removed f from S of O. tatrica, contra Eskov, 1987a: 1029, Dm)
Oreoneta repeater Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039951
Oreoneta repeater Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 237, f. 169, 188-190 (Df) Original description
Oreoneta sepe Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Canada urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039952
Oreoneta sepe Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 241, f. 176, 196 (Df) Original description
Oreoneta sinuosa (Tullgren, 1955) | | Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia (Europe) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039405
Hilaira sinuosa Tullgren, 1955: 388, f. 89a-b (Df) Original description
Hilaira frigida Kleemola, 1961: 133, f. 113 (f, misidentified, S rejected)
Hilaira frigida Palmgren, 1975: 91, f. 22.16-17 (mf, misidentified)
Hilaira frigida Gustafsson & Holm, 1980: 133, f. 6 (f, misidentifed)
Oreoneta sinuosa Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 228, f. 1A-B, 65-67, 80-85, 100-105 (removed f from S of O. frigida, contra Kleemola, 1961: 133, Dm)
Oreoneta sinuosa Aakra et al., 2016: 20, f. 15A-C (f)
Oreoneta tatrica (Kulczyński, 1915) | | Central Europe, Italy, Ukraine urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:010828
Hilaira montigena tatrica Kulczyński, 1915: 927 (Dmf) Original description
Hilaira rudis Schenkel, 1923: 95, pl. 7, f. 7 (f; misidentified per Wiehle, 1963c: 246)
Hilaira rudis Schenkel, 1927b: 248, f. 11a-b (m; misidentified per Wiehle, 1963c: 246)
Hilaira tatrica Wiehle, 1963c: 246, f. 34-38 (mf)
Hilaira tatrica Miller, 1971: 237, pl. XLVI, f. 23-24 (m)
Hilaira tatrica Palmgren, 1975: 91, f. 22.18-19 (mf)
Hilaira tatrica Thaler, 1983a: 140, f. 35-36 (f)
Hilaira tatrica Tanasevitch, 1990: 81, f. 22.31-32, 23.11-13 (mf)
Hilaira tatrica Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 170, f. 459 (mf)
Hilaira tatrica Sha & Zhu, 1995: 287, f. 12-15 (mf)
Hilaira tatrica Wunderlich, 1995e: 498, f. 84 (m)
Hilaira tatrica Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 171, f. 98C-D, G-H (mf)
Oreoneta tatrica Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 246, f. 219-220, 226-228, 241-242, 248-251 (mf, T from Hilaira)
Oreoneta tienshangensis Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Kazakhstan, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039953
Oreoneta tienshangensis Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 248, f. 221-225, 229-231, 243, 247 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta tienshangensis Marusik, Fritzén & Song, 2007: 266, f. 39 (m)
Oreoneta tuva Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Russia (South Siberia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039954
Oreoneta tuva Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 241, f. 13a, 145-147, 160-164, 174, 205-208 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta uralensis Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Russia (Europe to South Siberia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039955
Oreoneta uralensis Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 241, f. 133-135, 148-149, 178, 197-198 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta urusta (Keyserling, 1886) | | Russia (Far North East, Kurile Is.), Alaska urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057663
Erigone urusta Keyserling, 1886b: 193, pl. 18, f. 253 (Df) Original description
Erigone urusta Roewer, 1955c: 1503 (nicht zu deuten = nomen dubium)
Hilaira montigena arctica Holm, 1960b: 118, f. 28-30 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039403]
Oreoneta arctica Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 211, f. 13b-15, 32-33, 41-42, 53-54 (m, Df, removed from S of Hilaira frigida intercepta, rejecting Eskov, 1981b: 1487, elevated to species)
Oreoneta urusta Slowik & Marusik, 2025: 299, f. 1C-D (f, T from Erigone, removed from nomen dubium, S of Oreoneta arctica)
Oreoneta vogelae Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039956
Oreoneta vogelae Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 218, f. 26-28, 50-52, 60-62 (Dmf) Original description
Oreoneta wyomingia Saaristo & Marusik, 2004 | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039957
Oreoneta wyomingia Saaristo & Marusik, 2004a: 243, f. 127-129, 139, 177 (Dmf) Original description

Sponsors

NMBS logo
ISA logo
ESA logo
AAS logo
AAS logo
chinese_cociety"
Arages logo
Asfra logo
BAS logo
GIA logo
Arabel logo
Aracnofilia logo