Gnaphosidae Banks, 1892

Family |   ACCEPTED
N.B.: the names Gnaphosae and Gnaphosi were used firstly at tribe level by Banks, 1892d: 92, 94 and thus Banks, 1892 is the valid authorship and year for the family, not Pocock, 1898c: 219; for the family name Drassidae Sundevall, 1833 see Simon, 1893a: 340 and Bonnet, 1956: 1554. Family relimited by Platnick, 1990a: 35 and Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 612; most genera listed by Brignoli, 1983c under Micariinae are treated here under Corinnidae and Phrurolithidae. Prodidomidae revalidated by Platnick, 1990a: 36 to include the former Prodidominae, Molycriinae and Anagraphidinae; Anagraphidinae transferred from Prodidomidae to Gnaphosidae by Platnick & Baehr, 2006: 5; Prodidomidae downgraded to subfamily of Gnaphosidae by Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 613 (synonyms: Molycriinae Simon, 1897 and Theuminae Simon, 1893), redefined by Rodrigues & Rheims, 2020b: 694 and elevated to familiy rank again by Azevedo et al., 2022: 12 (without Molycriinae); Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 612 distinguish several well definded clades within Gnaphosidae (Gnaphosinae Banks, 1892, Zelotinae Platnick, 1990, Herpyllinae Platnick, 1990, Drassodinae Simon, 1893, Prodidominae Simon, 1884 and Leptodrassinae Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018) and state three monogeneric subfamilies, Anagraphidinae Simon, 1893 (type genus Anagraphis), Echeminae Simon, 1893 (type genus Echemus) and Micariinae Banks, 1892 (type genus Micaria), which do not perform a grouping function; Micaria Westring 1851, Nauhea Forster, 1979 and Verita Ramirez & Grismado, 2015 (and some related genera) are probably not gnaphosids, and many genera are not assigned to a subfamily given their poorly supported and unstable relationships (Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 614); the subfamily Molycriinae Simon, 1897 is re-established by Rodrigues & Rheims, 2020b: 682 (includes Cryptotoerithus, Molycria, Myandra, Nomindra, Wesmaldra and Wydundra); Lin & Li, 2020e: 313 described the new subfamily Solitudinae, with the single genus Solitudes Lin & Li, 2020; Micariidae is regarded as a separate family (sister to Cithaeronidae) by Breitling, 2021: 19, but without listing the genera, which should belong to it, and it is also not accepted because it is based mainly on COI, see FAQ 7; Ammoxenidae (Ammoxenus, Austrammo, Barrowammo, Rastellus) are synonymized with Gnaphosidae by Azevedo et al., 2022: 12; the family is not monophyletic per Kulkarni, Wood & Hormiga, 2023: 520, f. 19.
Gen. Zelotibia Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03733

In synonymy:

Zelotibia similis Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 = Zelotibia paucipapillata Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 (Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009: 19)

Zelotibia acicula Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040641
Zelotibia acicula Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 110, f. 6A-B (Dm) Original description
Zelotibia angelica Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009 | | Burundi urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042493
Zelotibia angelica Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009: 4, f. 1, 17, 27 (Df) Original description
Zelotibia bicornuta Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Tanzania urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040642
Zelotibia bicornuta Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 119, f. 16A-D (Dmf) Original description
Zelotibia cultella Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040643
Zelotibia cultella Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 112, f. 8A-B (Dm) Original description
Zelotibia curvifemur Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009 | | Burundi urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042494
Zelotibia curvifemur Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009: 6, f. 2-3, 12-13, 13b, 18, 28 (Dmf) Original description
Zelotibia dolabra Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040644
Zelotibia dolabra Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 115, f. 12A-B (Dm) Original description
Zelotibia filiformis Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Congo, Burundi urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040645
Zelotibia filiformis Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 118, f. 15A-D (Dmf) Original description
Zelotibia flexuosa Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Congo, Rwanda urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040646
Zelotibia flexuosa Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 117, f. 14A-D (Dmf) Original description
Zelotibia fosseyae Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009 | | Burundi urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042495
Zelotibia fosseyae Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009: 13, f. 4, 19, 29 (Df) Original description
Zelotibia johntony Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009 | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042496
Zelotibia johntony Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009: 14, f. 5, 20, 30 (Df) Original description
Zelotibia kaibos Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Kenya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040647
Zelotibia kaibos Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 108, f. 4A-B (Dm) Original description
Zelotibia kanama Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009 | | Rwanda urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042497
Zelotibia kanama Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009: 15, f. 6, 21, 31 (Df) Original description
Zelotibia kibira Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009 | | Burundi urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042498
Zelotibia kibira Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009: 15, f. 7, 22, 32 (Df) Original description
Zelotibia lejeunei Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009 | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042499
Zelotibia lejeunei Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009: 16, f. 8, 14-16, 23, 33 (Dmf) Original description
Zelotibia major Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Burundi urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040648
Zelotibia major Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 109, f. 5A-B (Dm) Original description
Zelotibia major Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009: 18, f. 9, 24, 34 (Df)
Zelotibia mitella Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040649
Zelotibia mitella Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 106, f. 1A-G, 2A-D (Dmf) Original description
Zelotibia mitella Murphy, 2007: 37, f. 202-203 (mf)
Zelotibia papillata Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Congo, Rwanda urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040650
Zelotibia papillata Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 112, f. 9A-D (Dmf) Original description
Zelotibia paucipapillata Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Congo, Burundi urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040651
Zelotibia paucipapillata Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 115, f. 11A-B (Dm) Original description
Zelotibia similis Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 116, f. 13A-B (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040653]
Zelotibia paucipapillata Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009: 19, f. 10, 25, 35 (Sf)
Zelotibia scobina Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040652
Zelotibia scobina Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 110, f. 7A-D (Dmf) Original description
Zelotibia simpula Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Congo, Kenya urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040654
Zelotibia simpula Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 107, f. 3A-D (Dmf) Original description
Zelotibia subsessa Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009 | | Burundi urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042500
Zelotibia subsessa Nzigidahera & Jocqué, 2009: 20, f. 11, 26, 36 (Df) Original description
Zelotibia supercilia Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005 | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040655
Zelotibia supercilia Russell-Smith & Murphy, 2005: 114, f. 10A-D (Dmf) Original description

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