Gnaphosidae Banks, 1892

Family |   ACCEPTED
N.B.: the names Gnaphosae and Gnaphosi were used firstly at tribe level by Banks, 1892d: 92, 94 and thus Banks, 1892 is the valid authorship and year for the family, not Pocock, 1898c: 219; for the family name Drassidae Sundevall, 1833 see Simon, 1893a: 340 and Bonnet, 1956: 1554. Family relimited by Platnick, 1990a: 35 and Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 612; most genera listed by Brignoli, 1983c under Micariinae are treated here under Corinnidae and Phrurolithidae. Prodidomidae revalidated by Platnick, 1990a: 36 to include the former Prodidominae, Molycriinae and Anagraphidinae; Anagraphidinae transferred from Prodidomidae to Gnaphosidae by Platnick & Baehr, 2006: 5; Prodidomidae downgraded to subfamily of Gnaphosidae by Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 613 (synonyms: Molycriinae Simon, 1897 and Theuminae Simon, 1893), redefined by Rodrigues & Rheims, 2020b: 694 and elevated to familiy rank again by Azevedo et al., 2022: 12 (without Molycriinae); Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 612 distinguish several well definded clades within Gnaphosidae (Gnaphosinae Banks, 1892, Zelotinae Platnick, 1990, Herpyllinae Platnick, 1990, Drassodinae Simon, 1893, Prodidominae Simon, 1884 and Leptodrassinae Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018) and state three monogeneric subfamilies, Anagraphidinae Simon, 1893 (type genus Anagraphis), Echeminae Simon, 1893 (type genus Echemus) and Micariinae Banks, 1892 (type genus Micaria), which do not perform a grouping function; Micaria Westring 1851, Nauhea Forster, 1979 and Verita Ramirez & Grismado, 2015 (and some related genera) are probably not gnaphosids, and many genera are not assigned to a subfamily given their poorly supported and unstable relationships (Azevedo, Griswold & Santos, 2018b: 614); the subfamily Molycriinae Simon, 1897 is re-established by Rodrigues & Rheims, 2020b: 682 (includes Cryptotoerithus, Molycria, Myandra, Nomindra, Wesmaldra and Wydundra); Lin & Li, 2020e: 313 described the new subfamily Solitudinae, with the single genus Solitudes Lin & Li, 2020; Micariidae is regarded as a separate family (sister to Cithaeronidae) by Breitling, 2021: 19, but without listing the genera, which should belong to it, and it is also not accepted because it is based mainly on COI, see FAQ 7; Ammoxenidae (Ammoxenus, Austrammo, Barrowammo, Rastellus) are synonymized with Gnaphosidae by Azevedo et al., 2022: 12; the family is not monophyletic per Kulkarni, Wood & Hormiga, 2023: 520, f. 19.
Gen. Hitobia Kamura, 1992 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02433
Hitobia asiatica (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) | | China, Korea, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027424
Callilepis asiatica Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 124, pl. 16, f. 488 (Df) Original description
Berlandia asiatica Dalmas, 1921: 276
Hitobia asiatica Kamura, 1992b: 127, f. 19-27 (Tf from Berlandina, Dm)
Hitobia asiatica Kamura, 2009: 495, f. 163-166 (mf)
Hitobia asiatica Yin et al., 2012: 1179, f. 628a-f (f)
Hitobia asiatica Lee, Choi & Kim, 2018: 1, f. 1-8 (f)
Hitobia cancellata Yin, Peng, Gong & Kim, 1996 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027425
Hitobia cancellata Yin et al., 1996a: 47, f. 1-7 (Dmf) Original description
Hitobia cancellata Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 451, f. 263D, L (mf)
Hitobia cancellata Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 145, f. 85A-D (mf)
Hitobia cancellata Yin et al., 2012: 1181, f. 629a-h (mf)
Hitobia chayuensis Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040616
Hitobia chayuensis Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 146, 324, f. 86A-F (Df) Original description
Hitobia hirtella Wang & Peng, 2014 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047327
Hitobia hirtella Wang & Peng, 2014: 29, f. 9-16 (Dm) Original description
Hitobia lamhetaghatensis (Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999) | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:037348
Sergiolus lamhetaghatensis Gajbe & Gajbe, 1999l: 99, f. 1-5 (Df) Original description
Sergiolus lamhetaghatensis Gajbe, 2004d: 87, f. 94-98 (f)
Hitobia lamhetaghatensis Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2021b: 2847 (T from Sergiolus)
Hitobia makotoi Kamura, 2011 | | China, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:044694
Hitobia makotoi Kamura, 2011: 104, f. 3-7 (Df) Original description
Hitobia makotoi Wang & Peng, 2014: 31, f. 17-23 (f)
Hitobia makotoi Zhou, Yin & Xu, 2016: 2, f. 1A-C, 2A-C, 3A-E (f, Dm)
Hitobia meghalayensis (Tikader & Gajbe, 1976) | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027925
Sergiolus meghalayensis Tikader & Gajbe, 1976c: 186, f. 6-9 (Df) Original description
Sergiolus meghalayensis Tikader, 1982b: 449, f. 349-353 (f)
Hitobia meghalayensis Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2021b: 2848, f. 5a-d (f, T from Sergiolus)
Hitobia menglong Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040617
Hitobia menglong Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 148, 324, f. 87A-I (Dmf) Original description
Hitobia monsta Yin, Peng, Gong & Kim, 1996 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027426
Hitobia monsta Yin et al., 1996a: 48, f. 8-15 (Dmf) Original description
Hitobia monsta Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 452, f. 263E, M (mf)
Hitobia monsta Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 150, f. 88A-D (mf)
Hitobia monsta Yin et al., 2012: 1182, f. 630a-h (mf)
Hitobia poonaensis (Tikader & Gajbe, 1976) | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027929
Sergiolus poonaensis Tikader & Gajbe, 1976c: 186, f. 1-5 (Dmf) Original description
Sergiolus poonaensis Tikader, 1982b: 447, f. 343-348 (mf)
Sergiolus poonaensis Gajbe, 2007: 475, f. 151-156 (mf)
Hitobia poonaensis Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2021b: 2851, f. 6a-f, 7a-e (mf, T from Sergiolus)
Hitobia procul Sankaran & Sebastian, 2018 | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:050421
Hitobia procula Sankaran & Sebastian, 2018d: 1734, f. 1a, 2a-c (Dm; referring to the Latin 'adjective' procul, but this is an adverb and there is no changable ending) Original description
Hitobia shaohai Yin & Bao, 2012 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:046216
Hitobia shaohai Yin & Bao in Yin et al., 2012: 1184, f. 631a-h (Dmf) Original description
Hitobia shimen Yin & Bao, 2012 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:046217
Hitobia shimen Yin & Bao in Yin et al., 2012: 1186, f. 632a-d (Df) Original description
Hitobia singhi (Tikader & Gajbe, 1976) | | India urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027930
Sergiolus singhi Tikader & Gajbe, 1976c: 189, f. 10-13 (Df) Original description
Sergiolus singhi Tikader, 1982b: 445, f. 338-342 (f)
Sergiolus singhii Brignoli, 1983c: 577 (lapsus)
Sergiolus singhi Gajbe, 2007: 474, f. 146-150 (f)
Hitobia singhi Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2021b: 2852, f. 8a-d (f, T from Sergiolus)
Hitobia taiwanica Zhang, Zhu & Tso, 2009 | | Taiwan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043054
Hitobia taiwanica Zhang, Zhu & Tso, 2009b: 528, f. 1A-F (Dm) Original description
Hitobia tengchong Wang & Peng, 2014 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047326
Hitobia tengchong Wang & Peng, 2014: 26, f. 1-8 (Dm) Original description
Hitobia tenuicincta (Simon, 1909) | | Vietnam urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027450
Ladissa tenuicincta Simon, 1909e: 78 (Df) Original description
Hitobia tenuicincta Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001: 511, 549 (Tf from Ladissa)
Hitobia unifascigera (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) | | China, Korea, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027427
Micaria unifascigera Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 293, pl. 16, f. 497 (Dmf) Original description
Micaria unifascigera Strand, 1918: 83, pl. 1, f. 25 (f)
Micaria unifascigera Saito, 1959: 146, f. 202a-c (f)
Phrurolithus unifascigera Yaginuma, 1962c: 52 (Tmf from Micaria, rejected)
Poecilochroa unifascigera Wunderlich, 1980h: 309, f. 71a-g (Tmf from Micaria)
Poecilochroa unifascigera Kamura, 1984: 1, f. 1-6 (mf)
Poecilochroa unifascigera Yaginuma, 1986a: 190, f. 106.1 (mf)
Poecilochroa unifascigera Chikuni, 1989b: 118, f. 3 (mf)
Poecilochroa unifascigera Chen & Zhang, 1991: 234, f. 243 (m)
Poecilochroa unifascigera Hu, Wang & Wang, 1991: 46, f. 24-28 (mf)
Hitobia unifascigera Kamura, 1992b: 124, f. 10-18 (Tmf from Poecilochroa)
Hitobia unifascigera Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 452, f. 263F, N (mf)
Hitobia unifascigera Namkung, 2002: 482, f. 37.23a (f)
Hitobia unifascigera Namkung, 2003: 485, f. 37.23a (f)
Hitobia unifascigera Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 151, f. 89A-I (mf)
Hitobia unifascigera Murphy, 2007: 46, f. 280-281 (mf)
Hitobia unifascigera Kamura, 2009: 495, f. 159-162 (mf)
Hitobia unifascigera Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 397, f. 284A-I (mf)
Hitobia unifascigera Yin et al., 2012: 1188, f. 633a-f (f)
Hitobia unifascigera Kim & Lee, 2013: 119, f. 82A-D (mf)
Hitobia xiaoxi Liu, 2022 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054502
Hitobia xiaoxi Liu in Liu et al., 2022d: 197, f. 4A-F, 5A-F (Dm) Original description
Hitobia yaginumai Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 | | Thailand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:037338
Hitobia yaginumai Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001: 513, f. 868-874 (Dmf) Original description
Hitobia yasunosukei Kamura, 1992 | | China, Japan (Okinawa) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027428
Hitobia yasunosukei Kamura, 1992b: 129, f. 28-30 (Df) Original description
Hitobia yasunosukei Yin et al., 1996a: 49, f. 16-21 (f, Dm)
Hitobia yasunosukei Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 452, f. 263G, O (mf)
Hitobia yasunosukei Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 153, f. 90A-E (mf)
Hitobia yasunosukei Kamura, 2009: 495, f. 167-170 (mf)
Hitobia yasunosukei Yin et al., 2012: 1189, f. 634a-h (mf)
Hitobia yasunosukei Wang, 2018b: 109, f. 21-2.A-G, pl. 23 (mf)
Hitobia yasunosukei Suzuki & Serita, 2021b: 242, f. 4-5 (m)
Hitobia yunnan Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040618
Hitobia yunnan Song, Zhu & Zhang, 2004: 155, 325, f. 91A-F (Df) Original description

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