World Spider Catalog

Malkaridae Davies, 1980

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: elevated from a subfamily of Araneidae and placed as the sister group of Mimetidae (Wunderlich, 1986: 124); considered a senior synonym of Sternodidae Moran, 1986: 88 (Platnick & Forster, 1987: 8); considered a subfamily of Mimetidae by Wunderlich, 2004i: 1258; see Agnarsson, 2004: 466 on possible relationships of some genera to the Theridiidae; synonymy of the type genus Malkara with Perissopmeros (Murphy & Roberts, 2015: viii) not sufficiently justified and is not accepted here; even if this synonymy would be proved the family name Malkaridae stays valid after ICZN article 40.1; Pararchaeidae Forster & Platnick, 1984: 65 considered a subfamily of Archaeidae by Wunderlich, 1986 and Eskov, 1987c, of Mimetidae by Wunderlich, 2004i: 1257, validated by Rix, 2006 and synonymzed with Malkaridae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 243, re-elevation to family level by Eskov & Marusik, 2023: 340 not accepted here (by majority vote of the WSC boards); the family consists of four subfamilies (Hormiga & Scharff, 2020): Malkarinae (genus Malkara), Pararchaeinae Forster & Platnick, 1984: 65 (genera Anarchaea, Flavarchaea, Forstrarchaea, Nanarchaea, Ozarchaea, Pararchaea, Westrarchaea), Sternoidinae Harvey, 2002a: 456 = Sternodidae Moran, 1986: 88 (genera Carathea, Chilenodes, Perissopmeros) and Tingotinginae Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 359 (genera Tingotingo, Whakamoke).

In synonymy:

Sternodes Butler, 1929 = Perissopmeros Butler, 1932 (Moran, 1986: 91, preoccupied)

Sternoides Platnick, 1998 = Perissopmeros Butler, 1932 (Butler, 1932: 116, replacement name)

Gen. Anarchaea Rix, 2006 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03594

N.B.: transferred from the Pararchaeidae to the Malkaridae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 243.

Anarchaea corticola (Hickman, 1969) | | Australia (Tasmania) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005461

Pararchaea corticola Hickman, 1969: 3, f. 10-15 (Dmf) Original description

Pararchaea corticola Rix, 2005: 139, f. 8, 12 (mf)

Anarchaea corticola Rix, 2006: 209, f. 28 (Tmf from Pararchaea)

Anarchaea falcata Rix, 2006 | | Australia (New South Wales) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039357

Anarchaea falcata Rix, 2006: 209, f. 3, 18-21, 30 (Dmf) Original description

Anarchaea raveni Rix, 2006 | | Australia (Queensland) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039358

Anarchaea raveni Rix, 2006: 209, f. 22-25, 31, 144-146 (Dmf) Original description

Anarchaea robusta (Rix, 2005) | | Australia (Tasmania) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039359

Pararchaea robusta Rix, 2005: 145, f. 5, 24-28 (Dmf) Original description

Anarchaea robusta Rix, 2006: 211, f. 2, 29 (Tmf from Pararchaea)

Anarchaea robusta Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 351, f. 5B (m)

Gen. Carathea Moran, 1986 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:00621

Carathea miyali Moran, 1986 | | Australia (Tasmania) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005635

Carathea miyali Moran, 1986: 96, f. 26, 39, 48 (Df) Original description

Carathea parawea Moran, 1986 | | Australia (Tasmania) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005636

Carathea parawea Moran, 1986: 94, f. 25, 33, 38, 47 (Dmf) Original description

Carathea parawea Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 352, f. 6D-E (m)

Gen. Chilenodes Platnick & Forster, 1987 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:00622

Chilenodes australis Platnick & Forster, 1987 | | Chile, Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005637

Chilenodes australis Platnick & Forster, 1987: 9, f. 1-22, 24-25 (Dmf) Original description

Chilenodes australis Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 355, f. 6A-C, 8A-F (m)

Gen. Flavarchaea Rix, 2006 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03601

N.B.: transferred from the Pararchaeidae to the Malkaridae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 243.

Flavarchaea anzac Rix, 2006 | | Australia (Queensland) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039360

Flavarchaea anzac Rix, 2006: 215, f. 40-43, 59 (Dmf) Original description

Flavarchaea badja Rix, 2006 | | Australia (New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039361

Flavarchaea badja Rix, 2006: 215, f. 44-47, 60 (Dmf) Original description

Flavarchaea barmah Rix, 2006 | | Australia (New South Wales, Victoria) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039362

Flavarchaea barmah Rix, 2006: 217, f. 48-51, 62 (Dmf) Original description

Flavarchaea hickmani (Rix, 2005) | | Australia (Tasmania) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039363

Pararchaea hickmani Rix, 2005: 141, f. 3, 13-17 (Dmf) Original description

Flavarchaea hickmani Rix, 2006: 218, f. 5, 63 (Tmf from Pararchaea)

Flavarchaea humboldti Rix & Harvey, 2010 | | New Caledonia urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043213

Flavarchaea humboldti Rix & Harvey, 2010b: 28, f. 1-10 (Df) Original description

Flavarchaea lofty Rix, 2006 | | Australia (South Australia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039364

Flavarchaea lofty Rix, 2006: 218, f. 38-39, 52-55, 64 (Dmf) Original description

Flavarchaea lofty Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 351, f. 5C (m)

Flavarchaea lulu (Rix, 2005) | | Australia (Tasmania) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039365

Pararchaea lulu Rix, 2005: 143, f. 4, 18-23 (Dmf) Original description

Flavarchaea lulu Rix, 2006: 219, f. 4, 61 (Tmf from Pararchaea)

Flavarchaea stirlingensis Rix, 2006 | | Australia (Western Australia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039366

Flavarchaea stirlingensis Rix, 2006: 220, f. 58 (Df) Original description

Gen. Forstrarchaea Rix, 2006 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03595

N.B.: transferred from the Pararchaeidae to the Malkaridae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 243.

Forstrarchaea rubra (Forster, 1949) | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005463

Zearchaea rubra Forster, 1949: 197, f. 9-15 (Dmf) Original description

Pararchaea rubra Forster, 1955b: 402, f. 24 (m, T from Zearchaea)

Pararchaea rubra Forster & Platnick, 1984: 71, f. 212-213, 221-229, 235-238 (m)

Forstrarchaea rubra Rix, 2006: 222, f. 16, 57 (f, T from Pararchaea)

Gen. Malkara Davies, 1980 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:00623

N.B.: transferred from the Araneidae to the Malkaridae by Wunderlich, 1986: 124; synonymy with Perissopmeros Butler, 1932 (Murphy & Roberts, 2015: viii) not sufficiently justified and is not accepted here.

Malkara loricata Davies, 1980 | | Australia (Queensland) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005638

Malkara loricata Davies, 1980a: 377, f. 1-4, 7-17 (Dmf) Original description

Malkara loricata Wunderlich, 1986: 225, f. 257-259 (m)

Malkara loricata Schütt, 2000: 137, f. 6A (m)

Malkara loricata Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 351, f. 5A (m)

Gen. Nanarchaea Rix, 2006 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03596

N.B.: transferred from the Pararchaeidae to the Malkaridae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 243.

Nanarchaea binnaburra (Forster, 1955) | | Australia (Queensland) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005459

Pararchaea. binnaburra Forster, 1955b: 401, f. 6-9, 13-15 (Df) Original description

Nanarchaea binnaburra Rix, 2006: 223, f. 26 (f, T from Pararchaea)

Nanarchaea bryophila (Hickman, 1969) | | Australia (New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005460

Pararchaea bryophila Hickman, 1969: 9, f. 25-30 (Dmf) Original description

Pararchaea bryophila Schütt, 2000: 137, f. 6C-D (m)

Pararchaea bryophila Wunderlich, 2004i: 1257, f. 35-38 (m)

Pararchaea bryophila Rix, 2005: 139, f. 7, 9-10 (mf)

Nanarchaea bryophila Rix, 2006: 223, f. 6, 27, 68-71 (mf, T from Pararchaea)

Gen. Ozarchaea Rix, 2006 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03597

N.B.: transferred from the Pararchaeidae to the Malkaridae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 243.

Ozarchaea bodalla Rix, 2006 | | Australia (New South Wales) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039367

Ozarchaea bodalla Rix, 2006: 227, f. 112 (Df) Original description

Ozarchaea bondi Rix, 2006 | | Australia (New South Wales) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039368

Ozarchaea bondi Rix, 2006: 236, f. 122 (Df) Original description

Ozarchaea daviesae Rix, 2006 | | Australia (Queensland) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039369

Ozarchaea daviesae Rix, 2006: 237, f. 91-94, 121 (Dmf) Original description

Ozarchaea forsteri Rix, 2006 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039370

Ozarchaea forsteri Rix, 2006: 228, f. 8, 113 (Df) Original description

Ozarchaea harveyi Rix, 2006 | | Australia (Western Australia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039371

Ozarchaea harveyi Rix, 2006: 229, f. 10, 73-76, 115 (Dmf) Original description

Ozarchaea janineae Rix, 2006 | | Australia (New South Wales) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039372

Ozarchaea janineae Rix, 2006: 240, f. 99-102, 118 (Dmf) Original description

Ozarchaea ornata (Hickman, 1969) | | Australia (Tasmania) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005462

Pararchaea ornata Hickman, 1969: 7, f. 21-24 (Df) Original description

Pararchaea ornata Rix, 2005: 144, f. 1 (Dm)

Ozarchaea ornata Rix, 2006: 231, f. 11, 77-80, 114 (mf, T from Pararchaea)

Ozarchaea platnicki Rix, 2006 | | Australia (Queensland) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039373

Ozarchaea platnicki Rix, 2006: 231, f, 13, 116 (Df) Original description

Ozarchaea saxicola (Hickman, 1969) | | Australia (Tasmania) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005464

Pararchaea saxicola Hickman, 1969: 5, f. 16-20 (Dmf) Original description

Pararchaea saxicola Rix, 2005: 146, f. 2, 6, 11 (f)

Ozarchaea saxicola Rix, 2006: 238, f. 120 (f, T from Pararchaea)

Ozarchaea spurgeon Rix, 2006 | | Australia (Queensland) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039374

Ozarchaea spurgeon Rix, 2006: 242, f. 14, 103-106 (Dm) Original description

Ozarchaea stradbroke Rix, 2006 | | Australia (Queensland) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039375

Ozarchaea stradbroke Rix, 2006: 243, f. 117 (Df) Original description

Ozarchaea valida Rix, 2006 | | Australia (New South Wales) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039376

Ozarchaea valida Rix, 2006: 232, f. 12, 81-84 (Dm) Original description

Ozarchaea waldockae Rix, 2006 | | Australia (Western Australia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039377

Ozarchaea waldockae Rix, 2006: 239, f. 95-98 (Dm) Original description

Ozarchaea werrikimbe Rix, 2006 | | Australia (New South Wales) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039378

Ozarchaea werrikimbe Rix, 2006: 233, f. 9, 85-88 (Dm) Original description

Ozarchaea westraliensis Rix, 2006 | | Australia (Western Australia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039379

Ozarchaea westraliensis Rix, 2006: 243, f. 107-110, 119 (Dmf) Original description

Ozarchaea wiangarie Rix, 2006 | | Australia (New South Wales) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039380

Ozarchaea wiangarie Rix, 2006: 235, f. 89-90, 111 (Dm) Original description

Gen. Pararchaea Forster, 1955 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:00593

N.B.: placed in the Mecysmaucheniidae by some authors; transferred from the Archaeidae to the Pararchaeidae by Forster & Platnick, 1984: 71 and to the Malkaridae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 243.

Transferred to other genera:

Pararchaea binnaburra Forster, 1955 -- see Nanarchaea

Pararchaea bryophila Hickman, 1969 -- see Nanarchaea

Pararchaea corticola Hickman, 1969 -- see Anarchaea

Pararchaea hickmani Rix, 2005 -- see Flavarchaea

Pararchaea lulu Rix, 2005 -- see Flavarchaea

Pararchaea ornata Hickman, 1969 -- see Ozarchaea

Pararchaea robusta Rix, 2005 -- see Anarchaea

Pararchaea rubra (Forster, 1949) -- see Forstrarchaea

Pararchaea saxicola Hickman, 1969 -- see Ozarchaea

Pararchaea alba Forster, 1955 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005458

Pararchaea alba Forster, 1955b: 399, f. 1-4, 16-19, 25-26 (Dmf) Original description

Pararchaea alba Forster & Platnick, 1984: 71, f. 214-219, 230-234, 307 (f)

Pararchaea alba Rix, 2006: 245, f. 15, 56, 128-129 (mf)

Pararchaea alba Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2006: 198, f. 76a-f (mf)

Pararchaea alba Paquin, Vink & Dupérré, 2010: 44, f. 21.1-4 (mf)

Gen. Perissopmeros Butler, 1932 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03626

N.B.: transferred from the Zodariidae to the Sternodidae by Moran, 1986: 91; considered a junior synonym of Sternodes Butler, 1929: 50 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:04603] (type S. foraminatus Butler, 1929), preoccupied in Coleoptera by Fischer-Waldheim, 1837 and in Hymenoptera by Stefani, 1891, by Moran, 1986: 91 and thus having priority over the replacement name Sternoides Platnick, 1998: 226 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:00624]; the synonymy of Malkara Davies, 1980 (Murphy & Roberts, 2015: viii) is not sufficiently justified and not accepted here.

Perissopmeros arkana (Moran, 1986) | | Australia (New South Wales) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005639

Sternodes arkana Moran, 1986: 92, f. 21, 29, 35, 41, 46 (Dmf) Original description

Perissopmeros castaneous Butler, 1932 | | Australia (New South Wales) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005640

Perissopmeros castaneous Butler, 1932: 116, pl. 2, f. 18-23 (Dm) Original description

Sternodes castaneous Moran, 1986: 91, f. 20, 28, 34, 45 (m, Df)

Perissopmeros darwini Rix, Roberts & Harvey, 2009 | | Australia (Western Australia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042794

Perissopmeros darwini Rix, Roberts & Harvey, 2009: 300, f. 15-19 (Df) Original description

Perissopmeros foraminatus (Butler, 1929) | | Australia (Victoria) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005641

Sternodes foraminatus Butler, 1929: 51, pl. 1, f. 9-12 (Dm) Original description

Sternodes foraminatus Moran, 1986: 91, f. 19, 27, 40 (m)

Perissopmeros grayi (Moran, 1986) | | Australia (New South Wales) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005642

Sternodes grayi Moran, 1986: 93, f. 24, 32, 37 (Dmf) Original description

Perissopmeros mullawerringi (Moran, 1986) | | Australia (Capital Territory) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005643

Sternodes mullawerringi Moran, 1986: 91, f. 1-17, 22, 30, 36, 44 (Dmf) Original description

Sternodes mullawerringi Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2006: 160, f. 57a-g (mf)

Perissopmeros quinguni (Moran, 1986) | | Australia (New South Wales) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005644

Sternodes quinguni Moran, 1986: 93, f. 23, 31, 42-43 (Dm) Original description

Perissopmeros nr quinguni Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 353, f. 7A-D (m)

Gen. Tingotingo Hormiga & Scharff, 2020 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:04601

Tingotingo aho Hormiga & Scharff, 2020 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051840

Tingotingo aho Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 374, f. 28A-F, 29A-C, 30A-D, 31A-B (Dmf) Original description

Tingotingo porotiti Hormiga & Scharff, 2020 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051837

Tingotingo porotiti Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 365, f. 18A-F, 19A-C, 20A-D, 21A-B (Dmf) Original description

Tingotingo pouaru Hormiga & Scharff, 2020 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051838

Tingotingo pouaru Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 368, f. 22A-E, 23A-D (Dm) Original description

Tingotingo tokorera Hormiga & Scharff, 2020 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051839

Malkarinae sp. a Paquin, Vink & Dupérré, 2010: 40, f. 17.1, 17.3-4 (m; here per Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 370)

Tingotingo tokorera Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 370, f. 2D, 24A-F, 25A-C, 26A-D, 27A-B (Dmf) Original description

Gen. Westrarchaea Rix, 2006 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03600

N.B.: transferred from the Pararchaeidae to the Malkaridae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 243.

Westrarchaea pusilla Rix, 2006 | | Australia (Western Australia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039381

Westrarchaea pusilla Rix, 2006: 248, f. 34, 130-133 (Dmf) Original description

Westrarchaea sinuosa Rix, 2006 | | Australia (Western Australia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039382

Westrarchaea sinuosa Rix, 2006: 248, f. 33, 134-137 (Dmf) Original description

Westrarchaea spinosa Rix, 2006 | | Australia (Western Australia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:039383

Westrarchaea spinosa Rix, 2006: 249, f. 7, 32, 138-141 (Dmf) Original description

Gen. Whakamoke Hormiga & Scharff, 2020 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:04602

Whakamoke guacamole Hormiga & Scharff, 2020 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051843

Whakamoke guacamole Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 386, f. 40A-F, 41A-C, 42A-D, 43A-B (Dmf) Original description

Whakamoke heru Hormiga & Scharff, 2020 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051846

Whakamoke heru Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 394, f. 1B-C, 15A-E, 16A-D, 17A-F, 50A-F, 51A-C, 52A-D, 53A-B (Dmf) Original description

Whakamoke hunahuna Hormiga & Scharff, 2020 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051844

Whakamoke hunahuna Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 390, f. 44A-E, 45A-C (Dm) Original description

Whakamoke orongorongo Hormiga & Scharff, 2020 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051841

Whakamoke orongorongo Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 379, f. 32A-F, 33A-C, 34A-D, 35A-B (Dmf) Original description

Whakamoke paoka Hormiga & Scharff, 2020 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051845

Malkarinae sp. b Paquin, Vink & Dupérré, 2010: 40, f. 17.5 (f; here per Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 391)

Whakamoke paoka Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 391, f. 2C, 9A-F, 10A-H, 11A-E, 12A-G, 13A-F, 14A-E, 46A-F, 47A-C, 48A-D, 49A-B (Dmf) Original description

Whakamoke rakiura Hormiga & Scharff, 2020 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051847

Whakamoke rakiura Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 397, f. 1A, 54A-F, 55A-C, 56A-D (Dmf) Original description

Whakamoke tarakina Hormiga & Scharff, 2020 | | New Zealand urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051842

Whakamoke tarakina Hormiga & Scharff, 2020: 382, f. 36A-,F, 27A-C, 38A-D, 39A-B (Dmf) Original description